Chen Xiuchun, chief physician of the Department of Mammography, Henan Cancer Hospital, introduced it in Health Times in 2020. It is found that 20%~25% of breast cancer patients have familial aggregation, of which 55%~60% belong to hereditary breast cancer, accounting for 5%~ 10% of the total breast cancer.
Breast cancer has a genetic tendency. Generally speaking, the probability of a mother getting breast cancer and a daughter getting breast cancer is 2-3 times higher than that of other women. Clinically, it is suggested that high-risk groups should check themselves regularly and go to the hospital for physical examination once a year to achieve early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment.
2. Ovarian cancer: heredity is mostly caused by gene mutation.
Wu Xiaohua, chief physician of Department of Oncology and Gynecology, Cancer Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, introduced in Health Times in 2020 that the main feature of this kind of ovarian cancer is family aggregation, and the "real murderer" leading to hereditary ovarian cancer syndrome is BRCA 1/2 gene mutation.
BRCA 1/2 are two important genes that "inhibit" cell carcinogenesis. Once a mutation occurs, it will open the valve of "inhibiting" cancer, leading to a higher risk of cancer.
Studies have shown that more than 90% of hereditary ovarian cancer is caused by BRCA 1/2 gene mutation. For women with family history of ovarian cancer or breast cancer, it is suggested that people with BRCA 1/2 gene mutation can undergo preventive excision through genetic testing or effective genetic counseling to avoid the risk of ovarian cancer or breast cancer.
3. Liver cancer: Children are the main prevention targets.
Wang Qian, deputy chief physician of hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery in Henan Cancer Hospital, introduced in Health Times in 2020 that if parents are diagnosed with liver cancer, their daughters will be the primary prevention targets, because the vertical spread of hepatitis B virus will easily lead to the tendency of family aggregation of liver cancer. Especially mothers with hepatitis B virus have a higher probability of developing liver cancer in their offspring.
Liver cancer is mainly related to infection. For example, if one person in a family suffers from hepatitis B or C, other family members will be easily infected. The high-risk group of liver cancer is patients with chronic viral hepatitis and cirrhosis caused by various reasons. However, as long as patients with hepatitis control in time, actively treat hepatitis and block its development process, liver cancer can be avoided.
If there are hepatitis patients at home, they should be vaccinated regularly. It is suggested to adopt a separate meal system to avoid cross-use of tableware at home and reduce the infection of hepatitis. Patients with liver cancer at home, regardless of their health status, should have a comprehensive liver examination, such as total liver function and B-ultrasound.
4. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma: It has obvious familial genetic tendency.
Deng Qinghua, chief physician of the Department of Tumor Radiotherapy of Hang Cheng Cancer Hospital, introduced in Health Times in 2020 that several people in the same family suffered from nasopharyngeal carcinoma at the same time. Analysis of the reasons, heredity is the basis, but also a factor that can not be ignored. Studies have found that people with a family history of nasopharyngeal carcinoma are 20 to 40 times more likely to get sick than normal people.
One of the items of routine physical examination is to check the nose. Many people think it doesn't matter if they don't do it. In fact, it can screen nasopharyngeal carcinoma. If the location of nasopharyngeal tumor is not particularly hidden, experienced ENT doctors can basically see the lesion when they examine it. At present, the clinical detection of EB virus is also an important auxiliary diagnostic method for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. If someone in your family has ever had nasopharyngeal carcinoma, I suggest you go to the hospital for a nasal endoscope and EB virus test.
5. Thyroid cancer: There is a certain genetic tendency.
Xia Tingyi, former director of Cancer Hospital of Air Force General Hospital, pointed out in the article 201/Health Times that thyroid cancer has a certain genetic tendency. If there are thyroid cancer patients in immediate family members, other family members should be listed as high-risk groups, and they should go to the hospital for screening as soon as possible. If the condition requires, fine needle aspiration biopsy can be conducted under the guidance of B-ultrasound.
6. Intestinal cancer: It has familial characteristics.
Wang Xishan, director of colorectal surgery in Cancer Hospital of China Academy of Medical Sciences, told Health Times 202 1 that the incidence of colorectal cancer does have familial characteristics. Clinically, parents, brothers and sisters also suffer from cancer. The incidence of hereditary colorectal cancer is about 5%.
There is a familial hereditary adenomatous colorectal cancer, mainly because a tumor suppressor gene named APC has mutated, and there are many polyps in the intestine. After the patient reaches the age of 30 or 40, it is basically inevitable to suffer from colorectal cancer even without bad living habits. There is also a familial hereditary colon cancer with no clinical symptoms. Before the onset, we can't tell whether it is hereditary or non-hereditary colon cancer. According to the family survey, every generation is sick, which is related to the inactivation of nucleic acid repair genes.
7. Gastric cancer: there is a family reunion.
Liao, director of the Cancer Prevention Office of Hunan Cancer Hospital, introduced in the article of 20 19 Health Times that hereditary diffuse gastric cancer syndrome (HDGC) was the first confirmed hereditary gastric cancer.
Family clustering of gastric cancer is caused by the mutation of CDH 1 gene encoding E- cadherin, which is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. The average age of onset was 38 years old. The risk of diffuse gastric cancer is about 67% in men and 83% in women. Most patients are accompanied by extragastric tumors.
8. Pancreatic cancer: there is an early genetic phenomenon.
Yu Xianzhuo, chief physician of the Department of Pancreatic and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Cancer Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, said in the 20 17 Health Times that clinically, pancreatic cancer can be divided into two types according to the genetic background, one is family aggregation and the other is sporadic. Familial pancreatic cancer is a confirmed genetic tumor syndrome, accounting for about 3% of all pancreatic cancers. It has an early genetic phenomenon, that is, the younger the generation, the earlier the onset age, the more serious the symptoms and the worse the prognosis.
For the clinical diagnostic criteria of familial pancreatic cancer, most experts define it as pancreatic cancer with pathological basis in two or more family members without other malignant hereditary tumors in one family.
Finally, cancer does have certain heritability and family aggregation, which is mainly caused by the inheritance of oncogenes and the similar living habits of family members. In daily life, we should be alert to this phenomenon. People who find this situation in their families must pay enough attention to it, do a good job in cancer prevention and screening, and strive to kill cancer in the cradle.
Source: Health Times