According to the different shapes of lightning, it can be roughly divided into three forms: flaky, linear and spherical; Considering the harm, lightning can be divided into direct lightning, induced lightning (including electrostatic induction and electromagnetic induction) and spherical lightning. According to Lei Yun's mechanism, there are thermal lightning, boundary lightning and low voltage lightning.
Lightning is called thunderstorm in meteorology. Cumulonimbus clouds that form thunderstorms are tall and dense, and there are often a lot of ice crystals at the top of the clouds. The vertical thermal convection in the cloud develops vigorously, and the phenomenon of charged discharge (lightning) occurs constantly. This mechanism is very complicated. In the process of discharge, the air temperature on the lightning channel rises sharply, and the water droplets in the air vaporize and expand, and even ionize. In a short time, the air expands rapidly, producing shock waves, thus producing strong thunder (thunder). Because the charge in the cloud causes the induced charge on the ground, a "flash track" is formed between the bottom of the cloud and the ground. When charge accumulates and other conditions (such as prominent buildings, isolated chimneys and people on the open ground, etc.). ) available, lightning strikes the ground, that is, lightning strikes, causing lightning disasters.