Although Sima Jia's way of dealing with the world is immoral, the prosperity and openness of cultural development and the diversity and richness of social and cultural levels have been well continued and inherited since the Western Han Dynasty. Therefore, in the early years of the Western Jin Dynasty, the cultural exchange in the Central Plains was as prosperous as that in the early Tang Dynasty, so that historians need to use a unique word to describe the cultural prosperity in this period, that is, "Taikang literature"
Taikang is the third year number used by Sima Yan, Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty, and the corresponding historical time is from April 280 to February 289 10, nearly10. At that time, the overall social background was that in 279 1 1 month, 200,000 troops were sent to destroy Wu. In March 280, Jin Jun came to Jianye, and Sun Hao of Wu was bound with his hands behind his back and carried the coffin out of the city to surrender. The chaotic Three Kingdoms era was completely over, and the Central Plains was reunified. It is in this context that Taikang, a symbol of "peace and stability", came into being, and it was during the decade of Taikang that the country flourished.
In the history books, the description of the social development of the country during the Taikang period is: "Cattle and horses stay in the wild, the surplus grain is entrusted to mu, the straw house is not closed, and the people meet each other like relatives. People who lack funds get funds from roads. Therefore, there is a proverb of' infinite people on earth'. " The prosperity of social economy and the stability of the country will inevitably bring about the prosperity and development of economy and culture, and Taikang literature is formed under this background.
Taikang literature is most famous for "Three Zhang, Two Lu, Two Pan and One Left", among which the most famous are Lu Ji, Brother and Pan An in "Two Lu" and "Two Pan".
Erlu refers to Luji and Lu Yun. Among them, the land machine is particularly prominent.
Lu Ji is the grandson of the famous historical figure Lu Xun. However, Lu Ji, as a famous minister, did not show a loyal minister's behavior after Wu's demise. Therefore, Lu Ji was not very popular for a period of time after Wu's death, and he was never awarded an official position. Finally, he was recruited as an official, because many articles he wrote at home spread like wildfire and gradually became famous.
According to the style of poets in the Tang Dynasty, when traveling far away, there must be some feelings about life, and Lu Ji is no exception. When he went to Luoyang, he wrote the famous Two Poems on the Road to Luoyang. The first poem, Standing Looking at Hometown, Self-pity and Self-pity, vividly describes a wanderer who is about to leave his hometown. Gu Ying is particularly accurate. The poet stood looking at his hometown, but there was no trace of his hometown in his eyes. He can only look at his lonely figure and feel sorry for himself.
The second poem, which is easy to understand, is full of words. The second half of the poem, "Dundun leans on Song Yan, listening to hate Taiwan. The clear dew falls on Su Hui, and the bright moon shines brightly. I can't sleep on the pillow, but I want to shake my clothes. " , a few words, but the image of a homesick wanderer, very rich and fully reflected in the reader's mind. The artistic conception of poetry is no less than that of Li Bai and Du Fu. Unfortunately, Lu Ji was 42 years old, participated in the rebellion of the Eight Kings, and finally died.
Was what happened to Lu Ji the misfortune of many people in the history of literature at that time? Ideas are budding and talents are surging, but they have become dust because of social turmoil and change.
Pan An is such a typical example. A generation of talented people and peerless handsome men are the first of the "Twenty-four Friends of Golden Valley", leaving us with many allusions such as "throwing fruit to win the car", "returning home with a full load", "white hair lamenting autumn", "peach blossom county magistrate" and "beyond the reach of dust". In literary creation, Pan Yue is no less than Bai Juyi.
Pan An is a very loving and filial person. Although he is a legendary handsome man, Pan An is famous for his "heavy affection". Pan An has a deep affection for his wife Yang. After Yang's early death, Pan An stopped marrying. And he wrote a mourning poem in memory of his wife, which was the first one. In addition, Pan An's works, such as Qiu Xing Fu, Leisure Fu and Mourning for the Past, are all literary peaks of that era. Unfortunately, such a generation was inevitably beheaded when the knife fell in feudal times. In the end, Pan An and his good friend Shi Chong were killed together in the Eight Kings Rebellion.
Before his execution, Shi Chong looked at Pan An, who was pushed to the execution ground together, and asked sadly, "An Ren, why are you here?" Pan An replied, "It can be said that the old man and the old woman belong to the same place.". (Pan An once wrote a poem with Shi Chong in Jinguyuan, Shi Chong, one of which is "Send a vote to Shi You, and you will return with your old age").
Another writer, Zuo Si, his name may not be so well known, but you and I are familiar with it. The idiom "Luoyang paper is expensive" refers to the fact that "Sandu Fu" written by Zuo Si was widely sung for a period of time, and everyone bought paper copies, which made the paper price in Luoyang City rise. Unfortunately, such a talented and famous writer can't escape the wheel of the times. In 303 AD, Zuo Si moved to Jizhou because of the Eight Kings Rebellion, but died of illness soon after, at the age of 55.
These are just the literary masters we know. How many other literary geniuses are ready to shine, but they are inadvertently killed by random soldiers, crushed by chaotic political situation, and plundered for the hard work of survival?
The Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties had a chaotic history of 300 years. The damage caused by the war to the land of China goes far beyond this, not only in the short decades of the Western Jin Dynasty, but also in the prosperous times of the Tang Dynasty. Because of this sudden troubled times, it took 300 years to appear.
Today's heavy snow, looking at the falling snowflakes outside the window, suddenly remembered a warm story. Xie An, the prime minister of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, looked at the snowflakes flying outside the window and asked the younger generation at home, "What is snow like?" A teenager immediately replied, "It's a bad idea to sprinkle salt into the air." Xie An is obviously not satisfied with this answer. At this time, another crisp voice sounded: "If catkins are not due to the wind". This is the origin of "Xu Xu Genius".
Unfortunately, such a talented woman is comparable to Li Qingzhao, and the evening scenery is bleak. Her husband and children were killed in the Wudou Midao Uprising. Looking at the tragic situation of their relatives, she tried her best to call on the women in the family to take up arms to resist, but in the end she was outnumbered and captured. Although the enemy was moved by her indomitable spirit, they did not kill her, but sent her back to her hometown. However, a poet who lost almost all his relatives could not germinate poetic feelings.
Her name is Xie Daowen, a famous poetess in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.