This is because, in the historical periods of Liao, Song, Xia, Jin and Yuan, A Jin was also founded by Jurchen Akuta. However, during the Qianlong period, the Southern Song Dynasty was appointed as the orthodox dynasty of China, instead of the Jin State, which was a jurchen with itself. Why is this? There are five reasons:
First, this jurchen is not another jurchen.
Hong Yan's Nuzhen in the Jin State and the Nuzhen in the Later Jin Dynasty both originated from Heishui in the Northeast Baishan. They were called cymbals in the Tang Dynasty, but they were actually two branches of cymbals. Among them, the ancestor of Wanyan Jinguo Jurchen is Mo, and the ancestor of Houjin Jurchen is Mo Shui.
In the12nd century, Akuta led his own Nuzhen department to destroy Liao and attack Song and establish political power. After 100 years of sinicization, it disappeared in the long river of history. Later, this branch of the Golden Jurchen made a living by fishing and hunting in the northeast. Until the late Ming Dynasty, Nurhachi unified the ministries of Jurchen and established political power.
At the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, in order to regain some national confidence, Nurhachi took the name of the country where the relative ethnic groups had established political power as his own name. However, this jurchen is not another jurchen after all, so Huang Taiji finally changed his surname to "Manchuria" and changed his country name to "Qing" in 1636. When Emperor Qianlong defined the orthodox dynasty of China, he did not choose this Jin Guo in history.
Second, the Southern Song Dynasty did a good job in inheriting China culture.
The so-called orthodox dynasty, generally speaking, mainly refers to which dynasty inherited the traditional culture of China better. During the great division of Liao, Song, Xia, Jin and Yuan Dynasties, the Southern Song Dynasty, as a regime dominated by the Han nationality, inherited the traditional culture of China.
After entering the Central Plains, the Jurchen of Hong Yan's Jin Kingdom has been largely sinicized in political system, living habits, ideology and culture, but still retains some nomadic fishing and hunting colors, so the inheritance of China's traditional culture is not as good as that of the Southern Song Dynasty, and it can only be regarded as a separatist regime.
Third, the limitations of the ruling region.
The orthodox dynasty in the history of China basically covered all areas where the Han people lived. During the Northern Song Dynasty, except sixteen states of Youyun were occupied by Liao State, other ruling areas covered the main ruling areas of orthodox dynasties in history.
Inheriting from the Northern Song Dynasty, the Southern Song Dynasty naturally acquired legal orthodoxy. However, Xu Jin was founded by the northern nomadic people, and the whole territory of China was not unified from beginning to end, so it could not be regarded as an orthodox dynasty.
Fourth, win over the literati and stabilize the ruling foundation of Qing Dynasty.
The Qing Dynasty was a dynasty established by Manchu in the Central Plains. Although the ruling class is actively sinicized, it still has incomplete elements. Throughout history, intellectuals have the right to express their opinions on the political life of the country. Therefore, it is particularly important to win over the literati for consolidating the rule of the Qing Empire. Therefore, Emperor Qianlong chose the Southern Song Dynasty, which was dominated by the Han nationality, as China orthodoxy, and he was more likely to gain the recognition and support of Han scholars.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) unifies Mongolia.
Before Manchu entered the Central Plains, Manchu cooperated with Mongolians. The Qing Dynasty was also the period when the Central Plains dynasty had the strongest control over Mongolia in the ancient history of China. The Hongyan Kingdom in history was destroyed by Mongols in 1234.
If Manchu always took Hongyan Golden State as its ancestor, would it lead to opposition from Mongolia, and be considered that Manchu would rehabilitate Hongyan Golden State in history, or even retaliate against Mongolia? So in order to unite Mongolia and keep friendly, don't offend Mongolia for this relative.