2 English reference Shang Lu [Landau Chinese-English Dictionary]
Phytolacca americana Landau Chinese-English Dictionary
Shang Lu Chinese-English dictionary
Puckberry [Landau Chinese-English Dictionary]
Poke the root [Landau Chinese-English Dictionary]
Shang Lu Chinese-English dictionary
Landau Chinese-English dictionary
Shang Lu [Xiangya Medical Dictionary]
Shang Lu, Gen [Xiangya Medical Dictionary]
Shang Lu [Xiangya Medical Dictionary]
Xiangya Medical Dictionary
Shang Lu [Xiangya Medical Dictionary]
Phytolacca indica [Xiangya Medical Dictionary]
Phytolacca indica [Xiangya Medical Dictionary]
Phytolacca acinosa [Committee on Terminology of Traditional Chinese Medicine]. Terminology of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2004)]
Shang Lu [Chinese medicine terminology review Committee]. Terminology of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2004)]
Overview of Shanglu Shanglu is the name of traditional Chinese medicine, and it has published Shennong Herbal Classic. It is the dried root of Phytolacca acinosa. Or pokeweed [1].
Phytolacca acinosa is a serious drug [2].
Pharmacopoeia of People's Republic of China (PRC) (20 10 edition) records the pharmacopoeia standard of this Chinese medicine.
4 Latin name Phytolacca acinosa (La) (Chinese medicine terminology (2004))
5. English name Phytolacca acinosa (Terminology of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2004))
6 The aliases of Phytolacca acinosa are Wild Tiger Tiger, Radish, Swollen, Baichang, Zhangliugen, Chuntou, Wet Radish and Elder [2].
Detumescence, willow root, rhubarb, radish [3].
7 the source of Phytolacca acinosa. Or Phytolacca americana [3].
8 Origin Phytolacca acinosa is mainly produced in Henan, Hubei, Anhui and Shaanxi [3].
9 Bitter, cold and toxic in nature; Into the spleen, lung and kidney meridians [3].
10 efficacy and indications Phytolacca acinosa has the efficacy of purging water and detoxifying [3]:
Swelling, dysuria, constipation and thrombocytopenic purpura caused by Phytolacca acinosa: decoction, 6 ~ 15g [3].
Phytolacca acinosa for the treatment of sores and lymphadenopathy: fresh products mashed [3].
1 1 oral pokeweed, contraindication, can reduce toxicity [3].
Pregnant women should not take it [3].
12 pokeweed root contains triterpenoid saponins, and its hydrolysate contains pokeweed sapogenin and norpokeweed sapogenin. It also contains gallic acid, dehydrogallic acid, γ -aminobutyric acid, gallic acid) A and its methyl ester, steroid, alkaloid and a large amount of potassium nitrate [3].
The root of Phytolacca acinosa contains antiviral and antifungal proteins such as Phytolacca acinosaponins B, E, G, gallic acid, γ -aminobutyric acid, histamine and Phytolacca acinosaponins [3].
Pharmacological action of Phytolacca acinosa 13 Phytolacca acinosa saponin has expectorant effect; Alkaloids have antitussive effect [3].
Phytolacca acinosa root extract has diuretic effect [3].
The alcohol extract of Phytolacca acinosa has anti-inflammatory effect on rats [3].
Phytolacca acinosa decoction and tincture have inhibitory effects on influenza Bacillus and pneumococcus in vitro [3].
The water extract of Phytolacca acinosa also has inhibitory effect on some skin fungi [3].
Phytolacca acinosa also has antiviral and antitumor effects [3].
The components of Phytolacca acinosa have a certain effect on promoting immunity [3].
14 dietary taboos during taking Phytolacca acinosa; Eating Phytolacca acinosa should not eat dog meat [4].
15 Phytolacca acinosa poisoning is a serious drug [2]. Contains Phytolacca acinosa, a large number of potassium nitrate, saponins and other ingredients [2]. The main pharmacological effects are diuretic, antitumor, antifungal, antibacterial, antipyretic, analgesic, sedative, expectorant and antiasthmatic. [2]
The toxic component of Phytolacca acinosa is Phytolacca acinosa [2].
15. 1 Adverse reaction mechanism Its toxic component Phytolacca acinosa can * * sympathetic nerve, promote gastrointestinal peristalsis, excite medulla oblongata motor center and vascular motor center, cause convulsion, respiratory center paralysis, inhibit myocardium, and finally lead to respiratory and circulatory failure. In addition, there is hemolysis. [2]
15.2 Phytolacca acinosa poisoning symptoms The incubation period of Phytolacca acinosa poisoning is 20 minutes to 3 hours, and it is characterized by nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, dizziness, headache, increased blood pressure, increased heart rate, irritability, trance, muscle tension in limbs, zygomatic shock, convulsion and coma [2]. Hyperreflexia, bradykinesia, incontinence, severe respiratory and circulatory failure and death [2].
Phytolacca acinosa poisoning is characterized by nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, muscle twitching, slurred speech, and even paralysis of the heart and respiratory center.
15.3 the main points of treating Phytolacca acinosa poisoning are [2]:
1. Generally, patients with mild poisoning do not need special treatment, but only supportive therapy and symptomatic treatment. For severe poisoning, gastric lavage with 1: 5000 potassium permanganate, and then oral medicinal charcoal, or milk, egg white, etc. to protect gastric mucosa, intravenous drip.
2. Symptomatic treatment: respiratory failure patients are given oxygen inhalation and respiratory stimulants; Those with acid-base disorder and water-electrolyte disorder should be corrected in time; Cardiotonic and antihypertensive drugs were given to patients with circulatory failure; People with convulsions should be given chloral hydrate, diazepam, etc. And the dose should be smaller; Those with shock should be treated as shock.
16 Phytolacca acinosa Pharmacopoeia Standard 16. 1 was named Phytolacca acinosa.
Shang Lu
Phytolacca acinosa
16.2 Source This product is the dried root of Phytolacca acinosa. Or dig Phytolacca americana from autumn to spring, remove fibrous roots and sediment, cut into pieces or pieces, and dry in the sun or in the shade.
Characteristics 16.3 this product is an irregular piece with different thickness, which is cut horizontally or vertically. The skin is grayish yellow or grayish brown. The cross section is uneven, the edge is shrunk, and the diameter is 2 ~ 8 cm; The section is light yellow-brown or yellow-white, and the wood bulges to form several protruding concentric rings. The longitudinal section is curved or curled, with a length of 5 ~ 8 cm and a width of 1 ~ 2 cm, and the wood is in parallel strips. It's hard. Slight breath, slightly sweet taste, long-term chewing numbness.
16.4 Identification (1) Cross section of this product: [5] Cork cells are arranged in more than 10 rows. The inner layer of the plug is very narrow. Vascular tissue is a three-growth structure with several concentric cambium rings, and each ring has dozens of vascular bundles. The vascular bundle is phloem on the outside and xylem on the inside. There are many wood fibers, and a constant number of wood fibers are connected or surrounded around the catheter. The parenchyma cells contain calcium oxalate needle-like crystal bundles [5] and starch granules.
The powder is grayish white. The needle-like crystals of Phytolacca acinosa [5] are in bundles or scattered, and the needle-like crystals are slender. The needle-like crystal bundles are 40 ~ 72 microns long, and the square crystals or cluster crystals of calcium oxalate can be seen. Wood fibers are mostly in bundles, with a diameter of 10 ~ 20um, a thick wall or a little thick, and many cruciform holes. Cork cells are brownish yellow, rectangular or polygonal, and some contain granules. Starch granules are single round or rectangular, with a diameter of 3 ~ 28 microns, short umbilical point, slit-shaped, dotted, star-shaped and herringbone, and the layering is not obvious; There are a few composite particles, which are composed of 2 ~ 3 fractions.
The needle-like crystal bundle of Phytolacca acinosa is slightly longer, about 96 microns; There are no square crystals and cluster crystals.
(2) Take 3g powder of this product, add 25ml diluted ethanol, perform ultrasonic treatment for 30min, filter, and take the filtrate as the test solution. According to the thin-layer chromatography test (Appendix ⅵ b of Pharmacopoeia I, 20 10), take 10μl of the test solution and the reference solution under [Content Determination] and spot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, respectively, with the lower solution of chloroform-methanol-water (7: 3: 1) as the developing agent. In the chromatogram of the test sample, spots with the same color appear in the position corresponding to the chromatogram of the control sample.
The impurity content of 16.5 1 shall not exceed 2% (Appendix VII A of Pharmacopoeia 20 10).
16.5.2 The moisture content shall not exceed 13.0% (Appendix ⅸ H, First Method of Pharmacopoeia 20 10).
16.5.3 The acid-insoluble ash content shall not exceed 2.5% (Appendix ⅸ k of Pharmacopoeia I of 2010).
16.6 the extract shall be determined by the cold immersion method under the water-soluble extract determination method (appendix ⅹ a of Pharmacopoeia I, 20 10), and shall not be less than 10.0%.
The content of 16.7 was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (appendix ⅵ D of Pharmacopoeia I, 20 10 edition).
16.7. 1 chromatographic conditions and system applicability test: octadecylsilane bonded silica gel is used as filler; Using methanol -0.4% glacial acetic acid solution (70∶30) as mobile phase; Detected by evaporative light scattering detector. According to the calculation of pokeweed saponin A peak, the theoretical plate number should be not less than 2000.
16.7.2 preparation of reference solution take a proper amount of pokeweed saponin a reference substance, weigh it accurately, and add methanol to make a solution of 1m 1.5mg.
16.7.3 preparation of test solution take about 1g of this product powder (pass through No.3 sieve), weigh it accurately, put it in a conical flask with a stopper, add 25ml of dilute ethanol accurately, weigh it, perform ultrasonic treatment (power 500W, frequency 40khz) for 30min, let it cool, weigh it again, and make up the loss with dilute ethanol.
Determination method of 16.7.4 Accurately suck the control solution of 10ul and 20ul and the test solution of 20ul respectively, inject them into the liquid chromatograph, determine them, and calculate them with the logarithmic equation of two-point method of external standard method.
The content of pokeweed saponin A (C42H66O 16) in this product is not less than 0. 15% on a dry basis.
16.8 pokeweed pieces 16.8. 1 processing pokeweed 16.8. 1 removing impurities, cleaning, wetting, cutting into thick slices or blocks, and drying.
16.8.10.2 sliced Phytolacca acinosa (blocks) and decocted in vinegar (Appendix II D of Pharmacopoeia I, 20 10).
Every 100kg of Phytolacca acinosa, use 30kg of vinegar.
The product is shaped like Phytolacca acinosa (block). The surface is yellow-brown, slightly vinegar-scented, slightly sweet in taste and takes a long time to chew.
The extract of16.8.1.2.1is the same as that of medicinal materials, and shall not be less than 15.0%.
16.8. 1.2.2 the content of pokeweed saponin A (C42H66O 16) is not less than 0.20%.
16.8. 1.2.3 identification (2)? The same medicine.
16.8.2 Sexual taste and bitter and cold meridian tropism; Toxic. Enter lung, spleen, kidney and large intestine meridian.
16.8.3 Functions and indications: diuresis and detumescence in the morning and evening, clearing the bowels and relaxing the bowels, detoxicating and resolving hard mass. Used for edema, two stools are impassable; External treatment of carbuncle, swelling and sore with poison.
16.8.4 Usage and dosage 3 ~ 9g. Appropriate amount for external use, decoction, fumigation and washing.
16.8.5 Please note that pregnant women are prohibited.
16.8.6 stored in a dry place to prevent mildew and moth.
16.9 Source