Jiajing (A.D. 1522 to A.D. 1566) was the title of Zhu Houzong, the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty. Jiajing in Ming Dynasty took 45 years, which was the second longest title in Ming Dynasty (the longest was Emperor Wanli of Ming Shenzong, with a total of 48 years). Emperor Jiajing was also the longest-serving emperor in the Ming Dynasty. His father, Zhu Shiyuan, was emperor for a day, but he was forcibly sealed by Jiajing. Jiajing's succession also means that Emperor Xiaozong was cut.

He attacked the old courtiers, the royal family and the forces of honor and loyalty, took charge of internal affairs and foreign affairs, and the imperial power was highly concentrated. He also attached importance to the role of the cabinet and the power of eunuchs.

But at the same time, he became increasingly decadent. He not only abused the people's strength to build great projects, but also superstitious alchemists and respected Taoism. In the twenty-first year of Jiajing (1542), he moved to Xiyuan (now Beihai and Zhongnanhai in Beijing) and devoted himself to metaphysical practice, begging for longevity every day, regardless of the decline of state affairs. He recorded that Yan Song had been a special country for 20 years, swallowing salaries, corrupting official management and neglecting border affairs. The Japanese army frequently invaded the southeast coastal areas, causing great damage. The country's situation is declining, and Jiajing's politics will eventually end in this way.