Second, safety colors are widely used, such as safety signs, traffic signs, protective railings and parts where machines are not allowed to touch.
(1) Red indicates prohibition and stop, and is used for prohibition signs, stop signals, emergency brake handles on vehicles, etc.
(2) Blue, indicating the instructions and regulations that must be observed, is generally used for instruction signs;
(3) Yellow, indicating warning and attention, is used for warning signs, traffic lanes, etc.
(4) Green, which indicates safety status and traffic, is used for indicating signs, traffic signs for pedestrians and vehicles, etc.
Extended data:
Color and fire safety?
As far as fire safety is concerned, color plays a very important role in fire control work. For example, fire safety signs refers to a sign with images as its main feature, which is composed of safety colors, borders, graphic symbols or words to express safety information related to fire control. Among the main signs of fire safety signs, the background color of the fire alarm and manual control device sign is red;
In case of fire, the background color of evacuation route signs is blue or red; The background color of the signs of places or substances with fire and explosion danger is yellow or red; The background color of the direction auxiliary sign is blue or red; The color of fire safety signs pole should be consistent with the signboard; When making fire safety signs, the color of the base material is white except for the warning signs with yellow edges.
With the gradual improvement of people's awareness of fire safety, many units have correctly and appropriately set up more fire safety signs in important places and parts according to needs, which has really played an important role in educating people, warning people and preventing or reducing fire accidents. ?
In the process of fire fighting, the "language" of color is also very rich. Experienced firefighters can judge what a fire is according to the color of smoke and flame, and then take corresponding fire fighting tactics and measures.
For example, when wood burns, the smoke is gray-black, and the flame color changes from red to yellow, accompanied by resin smell; When gasoline burns, the smoke is black and the flame changes from red to white. When the paint burns, the smoke is brownish black and the flame turns from red to yellow. When lubricating oil and kerosene burn, the smoke is black, and the flame changes from crimson to orange. When paper and clothes burn, smoke turns from gray to brown, and flame turns from red to yellow.
In fire investigation, the color of combustion residue or ash is also one of the bases for analyzing the direction of fire spread and judging the fire location and ignition point. For example, in a fire caused by spontaneous combustion of plants, the fire site burns seriously, and the color is mostly light, showing a "white ash" powder, which radiates outward from the fire point and gradually deepens. ?
2. Color and traffic safety?
Traffic psychologists found that different colors have different effects on the psychology of drivers and pedestrians. In the visible light range, different wavelengths of light can make people get different light senses, thus forming different colors. Among all kinds of visible light, red light wave is the longest, followed by orange, yellow, green, blue, cyan and purple. The longer the light wave, the stronger the penetration.
In addition, the luminosity of each color is different. If the luminosity of each color is arranged from weak to strong, the order is white, yellow, red, blue, green, purple and black. The length of these light waves and the hue of different luminosity are all obtained under human vision.
Therefore, the draft international standard for safe colors stipulates that red, blue, yellow and green are safe colors, and black and white are the contrast colors required for safe colors. Safety colors are widely used in traffic safety, such as traffic signs composed of yellow, blue, white and black, traffic markings composed of yellow, white, red and white, sentry boxes and guardrails. ?
Colors are used for traffic safety. Since 19 18, manual three-color traffic lights were adopted in new york, USA, the history is not long, but the prospect is broad, and it is being widely studied and applied by human beings. For example, the United States did some experiments according to the suggestion of British researcher Biz, and painted dangerous intersections blue. It turns out that traffic accidents have been greatly reduced.
In modern life, people also find that the color of pedestrians' clothes also has a great relationship with traffic safety. For example, if children and primary school students wear red or yellow hats and colorful clothes when they go out, colorful raincoats or umbrellas when it rains, and primary and secondary school students queue up to raise the goose yellow flag when they go to school, the incidence of traffic accidents will drop obviously. ?
3. Color and medical use?
In the inpatient department of a hospital, the walls of the ward aisle were all painted scarlet for some reason. In less than a week, many patients and their families complained one after another, because once they stood in this aisle, they had an uncontrollable impulse and irritability. Finally, the hospital changed the corridor wall to light green color, and the patients and their families were safe and applauded. ?
Color is used in medicine because white symbolizes truth, light, purity, chastity, innocence and happiness, giving people a bright and fresh feeling. Red is a warm color, symbolizing blood, fire, life and love. Its psychological function can promote blood circulation, accelerate breathing and treat depression, which plays an important role in human circulatory system and nervous system. ?
Green is a symbol of hope, giving people a sense of tranquility, which can reduce intraocular pressure, visual fatigue, calm mood, slow breathing, reduce the burden on the heart and lower blood pressure. ?
Purple represents softness, concession and meditation, giving people peace, calmness and fantasy, and can treat brain diseases and mental disorders. ?
Yellow is the most pleasant color in chromatography. It is regarded as a symbol of knowledge and light, which can stimulate the nervous system and improve brain function, stimulate people's vitality and make people think quickly. ?
Orange is a symbol of new ideas and youth, which makes people feel warm, lively and enthusiastic, can inspire people's thinking, can effectively stimulate people's emotions and promote digestive function. ?
Blue means calmness, seriousness, science, happiness, beauty, harmony and satisfaction. It is often used to relax muscle tension, relax nerves and improve blood circulation. ?
Black represents death and darkness, which makes people feel sad, dim, sad and depressed. ?
4. Color and chemical safety?
Color design tells us that on many occasions, color can improve people's attention more than sound. Therefore, using some warning colors to cooperate with safe production can have unexpected effects. There are many kinds of colored pipes and valves in general petrochemical enterprises. Although they are complicated, the color of their surfaces can make you recognize what is transported in the pipeline at a glance.
Red pipes and valves are steam pipes, yellow ammonia pipes, sky blue oxygen pipes, black nitrogen pipes, green water pipes, brown oil pipes, red sulfuric acid pipes, purple combustible gases and silvery white combustible liquids ... There are 45 kinds of pipe coloring regulations in China. ?
In order to prevent mixed pollution of petroleum in transportation, storage and use and ensure safety and reliability, the National Petroleum Institute has formulated a set of color graphic symbols for petroleum products. Red means leaded gasoline, green means unleaded gasoline, blue means kerosene, brown means diesel, yellow means automotive diesel, orange means condensate, black means asphalt and white means fuel oil. ?
5. Dangerous goods signs also have spot colors: yellow is explosive, red is flammable and blue is highly toxic. ?
All kinds of high-pressure gas cylinders used in the factory are painted with fixed colors to represent different gases. Not only the bottles are different in color, but also the marked words have chromatic aberration.
For example, the outer surface of the oxygen cylinder is painted sky blue and the words are black; The hydrogen bottle is painted dark green with red characters on it; Chlorine bottle painted grass green, white; The ammonia bottle is painted yellow and the words are black; Acetylene cylinders and hydrogen sulfide cylinders are white with red words; Gas, phosgene, chloroethane, methyl bromide, amines and ethylene oxide cylinders are all gray with red words;
The cylinders of hydrogen halide, carbon dioxide and nitrogen dioxide are gray and the words are black; There are also alkane and alkene cylinders that are all brown, but the alkane characters are white and the alkene characters are yellow. ?
6. In electrical technology, the red line of the power cord generally represents the positive pole, the yellow line represents the negative pole, and the black line represents the ground wire. Color ring resistors used in radios are represented by various color rings coated on them. So look at the color ring above to know the size of the resistance. ?
Chemical reagents often used in laboratories often use colors to indicate their grades. For example, the green label represents the excellent grade, the pure red label represents the analytical purity, the blue label represents the chemical purity, and the yellow label represents the experimental reagent. ?
White paint mixed with zinc oxide is coated on the motor or bearing bush, which is both anti-corrosion and faithful "thermal alarm". Zinc oxide turns from white to light yellow and then to lemon yellow after being heated, which is an out-and-out yellow card warning: overheating! ?
People's Network-Color and Safety