As a natural barrier, it has become the watershed between the Yangtze River and Huaihe River. The types of geoparks are geological landforms. According to the distribution and geological characteristics of each park, it is divided into western parks and eastern parks. Western parks include Baimajian Park, Tiantangzhai Park and tongluozhai Park. The eastern parks include Foziling Park, East Stalagmite Park, Wanfo Lake Park, Wanfo Mountain Park and Songchayan Park. Western Park is located in the abdomen of Dabie Mountain, that is, Zhongshan District. Eastern Park is located at the northern foot of Dabie Mountain, which belongs to hilly area. The total area of the park is 393.5 square kilometers, and the main geological relics area is 393.5 square kilometers. Dabie Mountain (Lu 'an) National Geopark is located in the east of China. The Dabie Mountains at the junction of Hubei, Henan and Anhui provinces are about 380 kilometers long from east to west and about 175 kilometers wide from north to south. The main peak of Baimajian is1.774m above sea level, also known as Baimajian, the main peak of Dabie Mountain. As a natural barrier, it has become the watershed between the Yangtze River and Huaihe River.
The main peak of Dabie Mountain (Baimajian) is a national AAAA scenic spot and the core park of Dabie Mountain National Geopark-Baimajian Park. The scenic spot is located at the junction of Huoshan County, Lu 'an City, Anhui Province and Yuexi County, Anqing City, and was opened to the public in 2009.
Dabie Mountain, which spans Hubei, Henan and Anhui provinces, is the watershed between the Yangtze River and Huaihe River. According to legend, Li Bai once came here, climbed the Baimajian, the main peak of Dabie Mountain, and looked at the scenery on both sides of the north and south, feeling: "Shan Zhinan Mountain is full of flowers, and the north of the mountain is covered with snow. This mountain is the Dabie Mountain in other mountains! " Dabie Mountain got its name from this. There are various types of scenic spots in the main peak of Dabie Mountain (Baimajian). At present, the main scenic spots are: Gaoshan-Baimajian (the main peak of Dabie Mountain), Canyon-Longjing Gorge (the largest waterfall group in Dabie Mountain), Lake-Bieshan Lake and Ruins-Siwangzhai (ancient castle). Baimajian
The main peak of Dabie Mountain is called Baimajian, with an altitude of 1, 777 meters. The three highest peaks in Dabie Mountain are all here. These three peaks are arranged in a triangle, north to south. Baimajian, the main peak, is closely connected with Yunfeng, the second main peak (elevation1.763m), and echoes Tianhe peak (elevation1.755m) in the south. Not only that, the names of the main peaks in Dabie Mountain area are also very distinctive. As long as all the peaks are listed in the top ten, the ancients named them "swords" to show that there is still a growing trend.
Baimajian is the core scenic spot of Dabie Mountain, which combines height, strength, preciseness and uniqueness. There are many strange stones on the mountain, which are lifelike. Throughout the year, the clouds are flying, fluctuating and vast as the sea. The mountains are steep, the valleys are everywhere, and the Qingxi is turbulent and symphonic.
Baimajian is covered with virgin forest, with strange pines everywhere and abundant animal and plant resources.
The design concept of supporting facilities in Baimajian Scenic Area advocates nature and is first-class in scenic spot design at home and abroad.
Longjingxia
The canyon is15km long, 400m deep and 40-300m wide. There are waterfalls in the canyon and strange stones everywhere. Longjing Gorge, located in the Pan-Dabie Mountain tourist area, has the characteristics of "the highest altitude, the best vegetation, the largest waterfall, the most beautiful scenery and the most perfect ecological environment", and can be called "the first tourist canyon in Dabie Mountain".
There are four waterfalls in the scenic area, the highest is 70 meters, and the others are 50, 40 and 30 meters respectively. The waterfalls here are constant all the year round, and their names are quite distinctive. They are all named after dragons. The waterfall with the highest height of 70 meters is called Longmen jump, which winds out between the two peaks and is magnificent; The 50-meter-high waterfall is called Longjingtan because there is a pool with an area of about 200 square meters below it. The 40-meter-high waterfall is called the Dragon King Bottle, which is shaped like a wine bottle used by ancient emperors to drink. The 30-meter-high waterfall is called Dragon Hand, which is shaped like a dragon claw playing with beads.
bieshan lake
The largest lake at the foot of Baimajian, the main peak in the hinterland of Dabie Mountain, is also the highest lake in Dabie Mountain. The lake is 30 kilometers long with an average width of 2 kilometers. Between the east and west rivers in the upper reaches, there is a rugged and towering mountain peak-Bawangzhai. On the top of the stockade, there are rugged mountains, exotic flowers and grasses, which reflect the bottom of the lake, and the green shadows contain black flowers. Scenic spots include dressing table, Bawang Village, Golden Rock, Fairy Cave, Lotus Cave and other magical caves, which are combined with lakes with different widths to form a poetic landscape picture.
Siwangshan ancient castle
The scenic spot is located in the northeast of Baimajian, the main peak of Dabie Mountain, at the top of Maoding Mountain at an altitude of 1396 meters. The castle was built in Xianfeng 1 1 year of Qing Dynasty to resist the attack of Taiping Army and Nian Army. It's all made of stone. The existing part is about 6 meters high, 1.5 meters wide and has a total circumference of about 2000 meters. Ridge from north to south, steep outside the wall. The village is slightly flat, with a width of 100 meters and a narrow place of 30 meters. Every other wall on the ridge has a small stone chamber as a bunker. There are still two inscriptions on the south gate gable, namely "Tamping Fort in Zhang Yu", "Main Hall of Huoshan County" and "Four Hope Fort Households".
On 1999, Siwangshan ancient castle was listed as a provincial key cultural relics protection unit in Anhui Province. Home of tea
This area is rich in famous tea. The tea garden in Huoshan County covers an area of 6.5438+0.2 million mu, with an annual output of 3,000 tons of dry tea and an output value of 80 million yuan. It is a key producing area of famous tea in China. The yellow shoots of Huoshan Mountain are produced in the deep mountains above 400 meters above sea level, and the unique climatic conditions have created extraordinary quality. Since the Tang Dynasty, it has become a prestigious royal tribute tea, selling well in the north and south of the country. Now it is also called "Anhui Three Yellow" with Huangshan and Huangmei Opera. "China Huoshan Huangya Tea Market" is one of the two wholesale markets in tea producing areas approved by the Ministry of Agriculture, and will become the distribution center of tea in East China.
This is also the hometown of medicinal materials. Chinese herbal medicines 1460, covering an area of more than 50,000 mu. It is a pilot county of traditional Chinese medicine in China. Among them, Dendrobium huoshanense, Salix terminalis, Gastrodia elata, Poria cocos, Eucommia ulmoides and other precious Chinese herbal medicines, which are known as "soft gold", are well-known at home and abroad.
Hometown of sericulture
The Dabie Mountains are rich in sericulture. Mulberry orchard covers an area of 50,000 mu, with an annual output of dried cocoons 1500 tons, an annual output of 25 million yuan, and an annual output of 200 tons of white silk, with an output value of 38 million yuan. It is one of the top ten sericulture base counties in the province.
Hometown of chestnut
It is also rich in chestnuts. Chestnut Garden/kloc-0.2 million mu, with an annual output of 8,000 tons of fresh chestnuts and an annual output of 30 million yuan. It is a key chestnut base county in the province.
Hometown of Camellia oleifera
This is the origin of Camellia oleifera. Camellia oleifera 1 0.2 million mu, with an annual output of110,000 tons and an output value of 40 million yuan. Tea oil is a pure natural pollution-free food, which has the effects of lowering blood pressure, reducing blood fat, softening blood vessels and beauty beauty. You can drink it directly or fry it. Dabie Mountain is an old revolutionary base area. During the new democratic revolution, Dabie Mountain was the cradle of the birth of the Fourth Army of the Chinese Red Army, and countless warm-blooded men embarked on the road of unyielding struggle. After the Long March, the main force of the 80,000 Red Fourth Army made an indelible contribution to the birth of the Republic! 1947, Liu Deng's army jumped into Dabie Mountain, and the People's Liberation Army turned into a strategic offensive. Liu Deng's army opened up the Dabie Mountain base area, which seriously threatened Nanjing, the ruling center of the Kuomintang, and Wuhan, an important town in Hubei. 1948, Liu Deng headquarters held a strategic deployment meeting in Jiuzihe at the foot of Tiantangzhai. Starting from Dabie Mountain in Hubei, Henan and Anhui, there are 1 marshal, 2 presidents and more than 300 founding generals of the Republic.
Beautiful mountains and rivers, outstanding people and outstanding people. Yingshan county at the southern foot of Dabie Mountain is the hometown of Bi Sheng, the inventor of movable type printing. It is also the hometown of Wan Mizhai, the medical sage of the Ming Dynasty, Yu Sansheng, the originator of Peking Opera, Zhang Zhenwu, the founder of the Revolution of 1911, and Wang Baoxin, a local historian. The vicissitudes of ancient history, rich human resources, countless talents and heroes, legendary stories and mysterious relics ... all these undoubtedly add luster and charm to this ancient and youthful land. Lu 'an Dabie Mountain National Geopark is located in the west of Anhui Province, bordering Henan in the west and Hubei in the south. The park integrates granite landforms, structural landforms, volcanic landforms and Danxia landforms, and different landforms reflect different geological landscapes. Tiantangzhai Waterfall, Wanfo Lake, East Stalagmite, Rift Valley, Foziling "Sleeping Beauty" ... Such rich landform types are displayed in a park, which is extremely rare in geological parks at home and abroad. Under the joint action of specific geographical and climatic conditions, the park is rich in products and treasures. The forest ecosystem of Dabie Mountain Geopark in Lu 'an is stable and balanced, and the vertical zoning of plant main body is obvious, and the forest coverage rate is over 96%. Known as the "East China Species Gene Bank".
According to the research of geological experts, the tectonic evolution history of Dabie Mountain Geopark is dominated by the formation and evolution of orogenic belts, and marked by sedimentary events and magmatic events. It has experienced four long and complicated evolution stages: Dabie cycle, Jinning-Caledonian cycle, Variscan-Indosinian cycle and Yanshan-Himalayan cycle:
Dabie cycle
In the pre-Mesoproterozoic, there was an ocean depression between North China and Yangtze Plate, which formed a set of sub-deep-shallow sea trough-basin volcano-sedimentary formation. The groove is closed and the stratum is folded and deformed. The metamorphic terranes such as Dabie and Feidong formed island continental nuclear chains and formed the earliest basement.
Jinning-Caledonian cycle
After the Dabie period, the two sides of the orogenic belt began to crack, forming a pattern of Dabie micro-ancient land and "multi-island small ocean basin" Both sides of the micro-ancient land are connected by seawater, and shallow platform facies volcanic sedimentary formations are widely developed. Both sides of Mesoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic were strongly cracked, and an important early rift basin volcanic tectonic event occurred in Beihuaiyang area, during which all metamorphic rocks had the same metamorphic deformation records.
Variscan-Indosinian cycle
The Dabie block in the Variscan period continued to move to the North China block in a new intracontinental subduction mode until the Indosinian cycle reached the climax of intracontinental subduction, forming the North Huaiyang Variscan-Indosinian fold belt. As far as the whole Dabie orogenic belt is concerned, the Indosinian cycle uplifts southward along Queshan-Hefei deep fault, Tongbai-Tongcheng deep fault and Xincheng-Huangpi-Guangji deep fault, resulting in high-pressure metamorphism of eclogite and blueschist in Dabie Mountain and large-scale ductile nappe shear from north to south. Due to the overlapping of continental crust, Dabie Mountain began to uplift.
Yanshan-Himalayan cycle
During Yanshan period, strong NE-trending and NNE-trending structural belts developed in Dabie Mountain due to the subduction of the Pacific plate to Eurasia plate. During the early and middle Jurassic (early Yanshan period), Lu 'an sag was formed, and it was deposited by rivers in the early and middle Jurassic. At this time, the fault activity is not strong, and the magmatic activity is not strong. The late Jurassic (middle Yanshanian) fault activity strengthened, which led to strong magmatic activity. Dabie Mountain entered the peak of magmatic activity, and many volcanic basins were produced along Jinzhai fault, forming calc-alkaline volcanic rocks. Magmatic intrusion is as active as eruption, leading to intrusions dominated by basic-neutral-intermediate acid small rock strains. By the late Yanshanian, the fault network had laid the pattern of Dabie orogenic belt, and the magmatic activity tended to be calm, only in the late Yanshanian residual magma penetrated along the fault vein. During Himalayan period, the Tan-Lu fault moved strongly again, resulting in Cenozoic fault folds, sheath folds, gneissic and banded structures. These structures are extremely developed and disorderly superimposed, and they are in contact with each other in a gradually transitional ductile shear zone. The material of this structural layer comes from the middle and lower crust-the upper mantle to the deep earth. The protolith age is from Neoarchean to Paleoproterozoic. This rock assemblage is widely exposed from Tiantangzhai in the west to Wanfoshan in the east, and together with the Yanshanian granite invading it, it constitutes the main body of various parks in the west.
It is the unique tectonic evolution history of Dabie Mountain that makes the park have three typical geological characteristics: first, in paleogeography, it is located at the junction of Yangtze plate and North China plate, and the suture zone where the two plates collided passes through it, which records the history of Chinese mainland formation and ancient plate movement since Archaean 2.6 billion years ago; Secondly, the eclogite belt here is a part of the most complete and largest high-pressure and ultra-high-pressure metamorphic belt in the world, which has extremely important scientific research value; Thirdly, the Dabie complex, named after the Dabie Mountains with the deepest metamorphic degree in the world, is an important window to study the composition and evolution of basement materials in the Dabie Mountains orogenic belt. As early as more than two thousand years ago, there was a record of Dabie Mountain in Shangshu Gong Yu. The park integrates granite landforms, volcanic landforms, structural landforms and Danxia landforms, with rich and colorful geological landscapes and unique geological relics. In the meantime, the mountains are endless, the peaks are towering, the rocks are rugged, the beautiful valleys are deep, and the scenery is changeable; Waterfalls and flowing springs, red rocks and red cliffs, lakes and mountains, and rare creatures are amazing.
Dabie Mountain has a long geological evolution history of more than two billion years. Frequent magmatic activities and diverse geological changes make it an extremely rare teaching and research base for earth sciences. The eclogite belt in the park is the "root belt" part of the high-pressure and ultra-high-pressure metamorphic belt with the largest scale and the most complete exposure in the world, which attracts worldwide attention.
human resources
The park is extremely rich in human resources. Hao Tao culture originated here, and Chu culture matured here. There are historical sites and historical sites here. It is the hometown of the Red Army and the cradle of generals. The intersection of green hills, clear water and red land, and the integration of ancient charm and fresh air ecological park make Dabie Mountain (Lu 'an) National Geopark show its charming style and charm.
Professional resources
The local area is rich in famous tea, medicinal materials, sericulture, chestnut and camellia oleifera.
Ecological resources
The unique natural resources and virgin forests provide good habitats and breeding places for wild animals, including 40 species of mammals, 1 17 species of birds, 4 species of reptiles and amphibians, and 7 species of fish.
Animals are represented by wild boar, porcupine, antelope, pangolin, civet cat, squirrel, mink and deer.
Birds are represented by Shan Ying, Caragana longicaudata, grouse, thrush, lark and starling.
Reptile amphibians are represented by giant salamander, Shi Wa and deck turtle.