Appreciation of Jia Dao's Li Ning's Seclusion
Jia Dao's "Li Ning's Seclusion"
Living leisurely here, few neighbors come, and the overgrown path leads to the wilderness.
Birds are freely perched in the trees by the pool, and monks are knocking at the door.
Walking across this bridge, you can see the charming scenery of Ye Yuan, and the feet of clouds seem to be moving on the floating rocks.
I will leave here for a while, but I will come back and retire with my friends on the appointed date.
This poem is famous for its couplet "Birds by the pool stand in the tree, monks knock at the door under the moon". The whole poem only describes the author's visit to his good friend Li Ning.
In the first couplet, "Living in seclusion with few neighbors and grass in a deserted garden", the poet describes the surrounding environment of this seclusion in a very general way: a path overgrown with weeds leads to a deserted and incurable small garden; Nearby, nobody lives. With two faint strokes, he wrote a word "secluded" in a very general way, suggesting Li Ning's hermit status.
"Birds perch on trees by the pool and monks knock at the door under the moon" is a famous sentence that has been passed down all the time. There is also a story about the word "scrutiny": one day, Jia Dao rode on a donkey and suddenly got the phrase "birds perch on trees by the pool, and monks knock on the moon door" At first, he intended to use the word "push", but later he thought of changing it to "knock" and put his hands on the donkey's back to make a deliberation. Unconsciously, he bumped into Jing and Han Yu's guard of honor and was immediately taken to Han Yu. Jia Dao said something inconclusive in the poem. Instead of blaming him, Han Yu immediately thought for a long time and said to Jia Dao, "It's better to knock." In this way, the two became friends. At first glance, these two poems are a bit confusing. Can the poet even see the birds staying in the trees by the pool at night? In fact, this shows the ingenuity of the poet's conception and his inner pain. Just because the moonlight is bright and everything is silent, the slight knock on the door by the old monk (perhaps referring to the author) will disturb the bird, or cause the bird to disturb people, or the bird will fly out of the nest and turn around and live back in the nest. The author captures this fleeting phenomenon to describe the silence of the environment, the silence in the ring and the unexpected victory. If you use the word "push", of course, there is no such artistic effect.
The necklace "moving stones and moving clouds across the bridge" was seen on my way back to China. Crossing the bridge is a colorful Yuan Ye; The evening breeze is blowing gently, and the clouds are drifting, as if the rocks are moving. "Stone" will not be "touched", and poets use irony to express their charm. All this is covered with a layer of white moonlight, which makes the environment more natural, quiet, beautiful and charming.
The last two sentences say to leave temporarily and start again soon, which will not bear the promise of common seclusion. The first three couplets are all about narration and scenery writing, while the last one points out the poet's feelings and reveals the main idea of the poem. It is this elegant place and leisurely taste that aroused the author's longing for seclusion.
The grass path, deserted garden, birds, pond trees, wild colors and cloud roots in the poem are all unusual scenery; Live in seclusion, knock on the door, cross the bridge, wait for a while. It is an unusual move. But the poet is inclined to the ordinary place, telling the realm that people have never said. The language is simple, natural and mellow.
Introduction to Jia Dao:
Jia Dao (779 ~ 843) was a poet in the Tang Dynasty. The word wave fairy. John young (now near Beijing) was born. He became a monk in his early years and had no name. In the winter of the fifth year of Yuanhe (8 10), I went to Chang 'an to see Zhang Ji. The following spring, I went to Luoyang and visited Han Yu for the first time, and I deeply appreciated my poems. After secularization, scholars were introduced repeatedly. When he was literate, he was demoted to the main book of the Yangtze River (now Pengxi, Sichuan) because of slander. He once wrote the poem Sick Cicada (Chronology of Tang Poetry). Five years later (840), he went to Zhou Pu to join the army. Wu Zonghui Chang died in Zhou Pu in the third year (843). Jia Dao's poetry formed a school in the late Tang Dynasty, which had great influence. In the Tang Dynasty, Zhang Wei's "Poet's Picture of Subject and Object" was listed as one of the seven people who entered the church as "pure and elegant". In Qing Dynasty, Huaiming Li called him a "lonely man" in the Poet's Subject and Object Map of the Middle and Late Tang Dynasty, and listed many disciples as "entering the room" and "visiting the door". In the late Tang Dynasty, Dong Li, Sun Sheng and others in the Five Dynasties respected Jia Dao very much, and even burned incense to worship his portraits and poems, which was like a miracle (Biography of Tang People, Reading Records of County Zhai). Jia Dao's Collection of the Yangtze River 10, with four series widely used, was photocopied and translated in Song Dynasty. The New Collection of the Yangtze River is based on Jia's poems collected in The Complete Poems of the Tang Dynasty, and other books and related anthologies, anthologies and appendices, such as Chronicle of Jia Dao, Examination of Jia Dao's Friends, and Jia Dao's Poetry Review, are relatively complete.
Li Ning (1862- 1939) is a native of Xinjian County. In the 23rd year of Guangxu (1897), he was recruited as a teacher in Hongdu Middle School, teaching Confucian classics and calendar. In order to study the reasons for Germany's prosperity, Shanghai Hongbaozhai edited and published the Translation of German History in 29 years. Thirty years of Jinshi (1904). He was awarded Jimo County, Shandong Province, and later transferred to Fujian, where he was responsible for the management office and copywriting materials of the Agriculture, Industry and Mining Bureau. After Xuanzang returned to his hometown for mourning, he was recommended by Yang Zengqi to teach in the University Hall. He used to be a tax official in Tongshan Pass, and later worked as an agent in Dehua County, Fujian Province, and was named Yongding County.
After the Revolution of 1911, Li Ning returned to his hometown. When the Provincial Council was established, he was elected as a member for three consecutive terms and served as the third deputy speaker, during which he worked in Yiyang. Warlord Cai openly sold opium when he was governor of Jiangxi. In order to win the rule of Jiangxi people, the provincial Council sent him and several members as representatives to Beijing to petition. In order to prevent the delegates from entering Beijing, Cai wooed them with high officials and high officials, and threatened them with force, causing them to leave or return halfway, or return after entering Beijing. Li Ning believes that he can never give in because of the great trust of the people of the whole province. He stayed in Beijing for three years and finally fired Cai. When he returned to Jiangxi, Nanchang held a grand rally to meet him. In his later years, he gave lectures on Chinese studies in Wucheng and Zhou Nan. At that time, many young people came to study under his door. Dacheng Primary School was established in Shangba Township, Xinjian County, and Taiping Township Forest Cooperative was held. After the July 7th Incident, he took refuge in the village. He wrote the complete works of Kistler Mountain Villa and hid them at home. One day, Jia Dao visited a friend named Li Ning in the suburb of Chang 'an. He searched along the mountain road for a long time before he touched Li Ning.
Lin Chunxian, a painter in Qing Dynasty, once wrote Ode to Jia Dao.
Our home. At this time, the night is quiet and the moonlight is bright. His knock on the door woke up the birds in the tree. Unfortunately, Li Ning was not at home that day, and Jia Dao left a poem:
Li Ning's Seclusion
Living leisurely here, few neighbors come, and the overgrown path leads to the wilderness.
Birds are freely perched in the trees by the pool, and monks are knocking at the door.
Walking across this bridge, you can see the charming scenery of Ye Yuan, and the feet of clouds seem to be moving on the floating rocks.
I will leave here for a while, but I will come back and retire with my friends on the appointed date.
The next day, Jia Dao rode a donkey back to Chang 'an. On the way, he remembered the poem he improvised last night, and thought that the word "push" in "Trees and Birds Stay by the Pool, Monks Push the Moon Down the Door" was not appropriate enough, and it might be more appropriate to use the word "knock" instead. Jia Dao rode on a donkey, sang songs, knocked at the door and pushed the door, and unconsciously entered Chang 'an. People in the street are amused to see him like this. At this time, Han Yu, who was an official in Beijing, came face to face with the honor guard. Pedestrians and vehicles gave way, and Jia Dao rode a donkey with lively gesticulations and broke into the guard of honor.
Han Yu asked Jia Dao why he trespassed. Jia Dao read the poem he wrote to Han Yu, but he couldn't make up his mind whether to use "push" or "knock" in a sentence. Han Yu listened and thought with great interest. After a while, he said to Jia Dao, "I think it's better to knock at the door. If the door is closed, how can you push it open? Besides, it is polite to knock on other people's doors at night! In addition, the word "knock" adds a little more noise in the dead of night. There is movement in the silence, is it not lively? " Jia Dao listened to nodding. Not only did he not get punished this time, but he also made friends with Han Yu.
Since then, scrutiny has become a popular word, which means that when doing an article or doing something, you can get the best result through repeated thinking and thinking.