The world famous paintings's "The Dove of Peace" was written by Picasso. He regarded the dove as a symbol of world peace, and the world recognized that it started with Picasso. 1940, Hitler's fascist bandits captured the French capital Paris. At that time, Picasso was sitting in the studio in low spirits when someone knocked at the door. Mish, an old neighbor, told Picasso a sad story with a bloody pigeon in his hand. It turns out that the old man's grandson keeps a flock of pigeons. Usually, he often uses a bamboo pole tied with white cloth as a signal to attract pigeons. When he learned that his father had died in the battle to defend Paris, his young heart was filled with hatred and anger. He thought that white stripes meant surrendering to the enemy, so he used red stripes to attract pigeons. The conspicuous red cloth strip was discovered by Dekou, and the inhuman fascist gangster threw him downstairs and died in the street. They also killed all the pigeons in the pigeon coop with bayonets. The old man stopped here and said to Picasso? Sir, can I ask you to draw a pigeon for me in memory of my grandson who was killed by fascism? .
Later Picasso drew a flying pigeon with grief and indignation? so this is it？ Dove of peace? The prototype of. 1950165438+10 In order to commemorate the World Peace Conference held in Warsaw, Picasso happily drew a flying pigeon with an olive branch. At that time, the famous Chilean poet Nie Luda called it? Dove of peace? Therefore, pigeons are officially regarded as a symbol of peace.
symbolic meaning
The messenger of love
In the distant past, pigeons were once regarded as messengers of love. For example, in Babylonia, Cuba, pigeons were the divine birds around Sista, the powerful goddess of love and education, and countless girls were fascinated by them. In life, they are called girls? Dove of love? .
Symbol of peace
It was not until the beginning of the era that pigeons were regarded as a symbol of peace. Old Testament? Genesis records that after the ancient flood, Noah released a pigeon from the ark to see if the flood had subsided. God told the dove to take back the olive branch, indicating that the flood has subsided and there is still hope on earth. Noah knew that the flood had begun to recede and that peace was coming. After the flood receded, a valley full of green trees and a quiet path full of flowers appeared in front of everything in the world. Since then, people have used pigeons and olive branches to symbolize peace.
/kloc-the religious reform movement in the 0 th and 6 th centuries gave the pigeon a new mission, let it? Holy spirit? The embodiment of. Until17th century, pigeons? The official was reinstated? Once again as a messenger of peace. Many cities in the German Empire issued a set of pigeons with olive branches in their mouths, and the bottom of the pattern was engraved with? Holy pigeons bless peace? commemorative coin
Schiller, an outstanding representative of the German hurricane movement, introduced pigeons from a religious symbol of peace into politics. Pigeons once again became heroic fighters and were no longer a symbol of hope without resistance.
Introduction to Picasso Picasso (188 1 year1year1October 25th? 1April 8, 973), Spanish painter and sculptor. ** * party member. He is the founder of modern art and the main representative of western modernist painting. The Girl in avignon, written by him in 1907, is the first work with cubism tendency and a famous masterpiece with milestone significance. It not only marks a major turning point in Picasso's personal artistic course, but also a revolutionary breakthrough in the history of modern western art, which triggered the birth of cubism movement. In the next ten years, this painting made the French cubist painting get unprecedented development, and even spread to ballet, stage design, literature, music and other fields. The Girl in avignon created a new situation of French cubism, and Picasso and Braque also became the man of the hour of this painting school.
Picasso's life experience, early experience.
Picasso was cultivated by his father at an early age and made amazing progress, which can be seen from the early works of Picasso collected by picasso museum. During 1893, the childishness in Picasso's early works gradually faded. 1894, Picasso officially began his career as a painter. 1890 Mid-term, Picasso's paintings showed a strong traditional realism style, and "The First Communion" was the masterpiece at this time, which showed that young Picasso could handle difficult details [5]. In the same year, 14-year-old Picasso painted a portrait of my aunt Pepa, which made Juan Eduardo feel vivid and energetic? Celot once praised, Undoubtedly, it is one of the best paintings in the whole history of Spanish art? .
Since 1897, Picasso's realistic painting style has been influenced by symbolism. In a series of landscape paintings, unnatural purple and green tones are the characteristics of Picasso's realistic period (1899-1900). During this period, Picasso's works were influenced by Rossetti, Stalin, Toulouse-Rotleck and Edward? The influence of Monk and others plus the painter El? The characteristics of greco produced Picasso's unique modern painting style.
Blue period
Picasso and his friend Carlos had a lonely trip in Spain? The suicide influence of Casa Guimas makes the paintings in the blue period (190 1-1904) often show gloomy feelings. Paintings in this period were mainly blue and blue-green, and warm colors were rarely used. It is speculated that the exact time of the blue period may be in the spring of Spain 190 1, or in the second half of Paris 190 1. During this period, Picasso created many works depicting skinny mothers and children, which were dark in color, and sometimes took prostitutes and beggars as themes. In the autumn of 190 1 after the death of Casa Guimas, Picasso painted several portraits for him. 1903, he completed the most melancholy work in his life, La Vie, which is now in the Cleveland Museum of Art. Melancholy spread to the famous etched work "Frugal Dining" (1904). The work depicts an invisible man and a visible woman, both of whom are thin and sitting at an old table. Picasso often used it in the blue period? Blind? This theme, such as Rice for the Blind (1903, the collection of the Metropolitan Museum) and Celestina (1903), is the representative of the blue period.
Pink period
1904 Picasso met Fernand, a model who works for sculptors and artists, in Paris. Fernandez Olivier, who fell in love with him, began the rose period (also known as the pink period, 1904-1906). Influenced by his sweet relationship with Fernand, Picasso used a lot of bright and optimistic oranges and pinks, and his subjects mostly depicted circus performers, acrobats and clowns, which became one of Picasso's personal characteristics. And 1904 is regarded as the transition period between the blue period and the rose period.
Cubist period
When Picasso first saw a sculpture of a black man, he was deeply moved. Picasso was greatly stimulated by the primitive, bold and intense carving of black people. 1907? The girls in avignon? Painting became a milestone in his creation of cubist style. Picasso's cubism is basically not pure aesthetics, but tends to be rational and abstract, reorganizing and combining objects, bringing people a newer and deeper feeling.
later stage
During World War II, he mainly lived in Paris. After the recovery of Paris, he joined France.
1973 died in Mugan, France on April 8th.
In May 2004, Picasso's early work "The Boy with a Pipe" won the bid at a price of 65.438+0.04 billion US dollars, setting a new record of 654.38+0.990. The auction record of a painting by Van Gogh was $82.5 million.
Picasso's main work Picasso left a surprising number of works in his life, with rich and varied styles and extraordinary creativity. His representative works are: avignon's Girl, Bottle, Glass and Violin, guernica and Dream.
Avignon girl, Picasso, 1907, oil painting, new york, avignon girl Picasso, influenced by African primitive sculpture and Cezanne painting, turned to explore new painting styles. So, he painted an epoch-making masterpiece? Girls in avignon. This incredible huge oil painting not only marks a major turning point in Picasso's personal artistic course, but also a revolutionary breakthrough in the history of modern western art, which triggered the birth of cubism movement. The Girl of avignon was first published in 1906 and completed in 1907, during which it was revised several times. In this painting, five naked women and a group of still life constitute a formal composition. The name of this painting is Picasso's friend Andrew? Selman, it is said that Picasso himself didn't like it. But anyway, this is just the name of the work. In modern art, the correlation between titles and works is getting smaller and smaller, and painters often consciously do not use titles to explain the contents of works. So must Picasso's Girl in avignon. The original intention of the painting is to take the allegory of sexually transmitted diseases as the title and name it "Reward of Sin", which is clear in the original sketch; There is a man holding a skeleton in the sketch, which reminds people of an old Spanish moral maxim: everything is vanity? . But in the formal creation of this painting, these anecdotes or hidden details were removed by the painter. Its ultimate power of shock does not come from any literary description, but from the touching power of its painting language.
This painting is the first cubist work. The images of three naked women on the left of the picture are obviously the rigid deformation of the classical human body; The rough and abnormal faces and postures of the two naked women on the right are full of the wild characteristics of primitive art. Fauvism painters discovered the original charm of African and Oceania sculptures and introduced them to Picasso. However, it was Picasso who destroyed classical aesthetics with primitive art, not the fauvism painter. In this painting, not only the proportion, but also the organic integrity and continuity of the human body are denied. So this painting (as one critic said) is like a broken glass? . Here, Picasso destroyed many things, but in the process of destruction, what did he gain? When we recovered from the shock when we first saw the painting, we began to find that the destruction was quite orderly: everything, whether the image or the background, was broken down into angular geometric blocks. We noticed that these fragments are not flat, they have a feeling of three-dimensional space, because they have shadows. We are not always sure whether they are concave or convex; Some of them look like solid blocks, while others look like fragments of transparent body. These unusual blocks give the picture some integrity and continuity.
From this painting, we can see a new technique of expressing three-dimensional space on a two-dimensional plane, which has been adopted in Cezanne's paintings as early as possible. We see that the faces of the two images in the center of the picture are positive, but their noses are drawn as sides; The head is on the left side of the image, but the eyes are positive. Videos from different angles are combined in the same image. This so-called? Synchronous video? The image of language squatting on the right side of the picture is more obvious. This image of three-quarters of the back is separated from the central axis of the spine due to decomposition and stitching. Its legs and arms are elongated, suggesting a deep extension; The head was turned over and stared at the audience. Picasso seemed to circle 180 degrees around the image before synthesizing images from various angles into this image. This painting method completely broke the limitation of perspective on painters in the 500 years since the Italian Renaissance.
Picasso tried to keep the picture flat. Although many blocks in the painting feel concave and convex, they are not deep concave or high convex. In fact, the space displayed on the screen is so shallow that the painting seems to represent a relief image. The painter deliberately eliminated the distance between the characters and the background, trying to make all parts of the picture displayed on the same surface. If we pay a little attention to the blue block in the background on the right, we can find the artist's originality. Blue, usually has the effect of retreating visually. In order to eliminate this effect, Picasso hooked these blue blocks with dazzling white edges, so they looked desperately prominent.
The girl in avignon is actually an independent painting structure and doesn't care about the outside world. It cares about the world made up of its own shapes and colors. It was born out of Cezanne's immortal works depicting bathing girls. It forms a pure painting structure in an order different from the natural order.
Portrait of Cassirer, Picasso, 19 10 year, oil painting, 100 year? 6 1.5cm, Chicago Art Center, Chicago. Picasso 1909? 19 1 1 year? Analytical cubism? The paintings of that period further showed the neglect of objective reproduction. During this period, the images in his works, whether still life, scenery or characters, were completely decomposed, which made the audience not know much about them. Although every painting has a title, it is difficult for people to find objects related to the title. Those decomposed shapes and backgrounds blend with each other, so that the whole picture is covered with blocks of different shapes interwoven with vertical, oblique and horizontal lines. In this complex network structure, images only emerge slowly, but can be dissolved in complex blocks immediately. The role of color is minimized here. There seems to be only some monotonous black, white, gray and brown in the painting. In fact, what the painter wants to show is only the structure composed of lines, shapes and shapes, and the tension emitted by this structure.
This portrait of Kasler clearly shows how Picasso applied this analytical cubist painting language to the shaping of specific characters. It is puzzling that Picasso never gave up learning from the model in this extremely abstract description of decomposing images and abandoning colors. In order to draw this picture, he made his old friend Mr. Kessler sit patiently in front of him for twenty times. He took pains to decompose the form in detail, thus obtaining a picture structure that seems to be composed of transparent color blocks overlapping layers. The colors in the painting are only blue, ochre and grayish purple. Color only plays a secondary role here. Although the outline of Mr. Kessler's image can still be vaguely seen in the crisscross of lines and squares, it is difficult for people to judge its similarity with real people. Roland, the most famous expert on Picasso? Penrose once commented on this painting after seeing it. Every time a surface is separated, a plane is separated from the adjacent part and keeps retreating, resulting in a direct feeling, which reminds people of the ripples on the water surface. Your eyes wander in these ripples, and you can catch some signs here and there, such as a nose, two eyes, some neatly combed hair, a bracelet and a pair of crossed hands. However, when you turn your eyes from this point to that point, you will constantly feel the pleasure of swimming around on some surfaces, because these surfaces are convincing with their similar appearance? Seeing such a picture will produce imagination; Although this picture is ambiguous, it seems to be true. It will make its own explanation with joy under the impetus of the symmetrical and harmonious life of this new reality. ? (Picasso Cultural Relics Publishing House, 1998, p. 10)
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