When his mother dreamed that a dragon flew out of her arms, she saw two people coming to her house with censers in their hands, and then she got pregnant and gave birth to Tao Hongjing. But the dragon she saw had no tail and flew into the sky alone. It is said that this indicates that Tao Hongjing will never get married or have children.
Tao Hongjing has a distinct personality and ambition since he was a child. At the age of six, he could understand the books he read and write articles. When I was seven years old, I read thousands of books, such as The Book of Filial Piety, Shi Mao and The Analects of Confucius. Later, when he was ten years old, a fellow countryman got a copy of The Legend of Immortals written by Ge Hong in the Jin Dynasty. After seeing fairy stories such as Eight Duke of Huainan, I sighed: "Reading this book will make people have the heart of high aspirations and the ambition to cultivate immortals and learn Taoism." So he studied and explored the things in this book day and night, and made up his mind to cultivate immortality and learn Taoism. He once said to people, "If you look up at the blue sky, white clouds and the sun, you won't feel as far away as before."
When he grew up, he was seven feet four inches tall, handsome, beautiful in appearance, bright in eyes, wide in brow, long in ears and exquisite in figure. He has read more than 10,000 books, and is good at playing the piano and chess, cursive script and official script.
In March of the third year of Song's reign (AD 479), Qi Gaozu became prime minister. At that time, when he was only in his twenties, he was recommended as a "servant of the king" and was later awarded the official position of "Please serve the court" (you can attend court meetings regularly). Although he lives under the door of power, he always hides himself, does not deal with outsiders, and only reads books every day. In the imperial court, most things about etiquette and laws are decided by him.
Tao Hongjing was originally a man who didn't want wealth and always wanted to resign and retire. He once said in a letter to relatives and friends: "I am no longer alive, but I am forty years old and determined to be a mountain." Today is thirty-six, so I can't borrow ... "In the tenth year of Yongming (AD 492), he really asked the emperor to resign and abdicate. The emperor approved his request by imperial decree and gave him bundles of silk as a gift. When he left, North Korean officials, officials and scholars came to the Lu Zheng Pavilion to say goodbye to him, and set up many curtains for him and held a grand farewell banquet. There are too many cars and horses to go there, and they are crowded with each other, blocking the road. People say that this has never happened since the Song and Qi Dynasties. People inside and outside the government feel that he is honored.
He lives in seclusion in Jurong County (now southwest Jiangsu, which spans Jurong, Jintan and other counties) and lives in Qushan. He often said: "At the foot of this mountain is the eighth cave palace, which is called the Huayang Day in Jintan and is surrounded by a border of 150 miles. During the Han Dynasty, there were three armed forces (Mao Ying and his two younger brothers) in Xianyang. They were later responsible for this mountain, so they were also called Maoshan. " So he built a house halfway up the mountain and called himself "Huayang seclusion". At first, he learned from Sun Youyue in Dongyang County, such as Fu Lu and Tu Shuo, and Taoism. Later, he traveled all over the famous mountains in search of fairy medicine. Whenever he passes through mountains and valleys, he will sit or lie down, recite poems and compose poems, and wander for a long time, and his excitement is hard to calm down. He especially likes the sound of Songtao lapping on the shore. As soon as he heard Song Tao's bell, he couldn't help feeling happy. Sometimes he goes to mountain springs and rocks alone, and people who see him from afar think he is a fairy.
At that time, Shen Yue, a famous writer and historian in Southern Dynasties and the originator of China phonology, worked as a county magistrate in Dongyang County. Out of respect for his ambition and moral integrity, Shen Yue wrote several times to invite him to be an official, but he never accepted.
Liang Wudi once wrote to Tao Hongjing: "What's in the mountains?" The implication is that there is nothing in the mountains, so it is better to be an official and have everything. Tao Hongjing wrote "Ask all poems in the mountains": "What is in the mountains? There are many white clouds on the mountain. Unfortunately, white clouds can only be pleasing to the eye, but it is not easy to send you in your hand! " Cleverly expressed his noble ambition of not wanting to be an official and disdaining to associate with people of the time. This poem is fluent, with plain language but profound connotation. Since then, the poetry articles of later generations have linked Baiyun and hermits more closely. White clouds wander, come and go without a trace, free and unimpeded, like elegant hermits.
On another occasion, when Liang Wudi asked him to be an official, he simply drew two cows, one walking freely in the grass and the other wearing a golden halter, led by a rope and driven by a stick. Liang Wudi also smiled, knowing that he would never come out to be an official, and dismissed the idea of forcing him to be an official.
In the early years of Yongyuan (AD 499-500), a three-story residence was built in Tao Hongjing. He lives on the upper floor, his disciples live on the middle floor, and the visiting guests live on the lower floor. Since then, he has been isolated from the world, leaving only one servant to wait on him. Zhai was in prison for four years (AD 505), and he moved to live.
Liang Wudi Xiao Yan used to have a good friendship with him. After he ascended the throne, he was even more blessed. Letters kept coming, up to several letters a month, and envoys or officials were often sent to visit him, and gifts were often given to him. Whenever the country encounters good or ill luck, conquering and other major events, it will send people to consult him, so people at that time called him "the prime minister in the mountains."
Tao Hongjing is modest and prudent, reasonable but not rigid, and naturally conforms to etiquette whether he is in office or in seclusion. His mind is as clear as a mirror, and he can know everything at once. The way he speaks is not complicated, and if he says it, he can immediately detect it. He is naturally fond of writing books, advocating strangeness and cherishing natural scenery. The older you get, the deeper you love.
Especially good at yin and yang, five elements, wind angle (good or bad depends on the wind with five tones occupying four directions), astrology, mountain geography, four-way products and traditional Chinese medicine. The Emperor's Calendar, written by him, once created a confusing phenomenon, saying that it was "necessary for monasticism, not just historians".
Biography of Tao Hongjing
(1) Tao Hongjing word lit, Linglin Danyang people also. Teenagers have different exercises. At the age of four or five, they always draw gray middle school books with harvest as the pen. And the dragon, after reading more than 10 thousand volumes, knows nothing, and I feel very ashamed. Not weak crown, cited as the idea of the king, in addition to serving the court. Although in Zhumen, you don't pay foreign things with your eyes closed, you only take reading as a service. Take as much as you can from the stories of courtiers. In the tenth year of Yongming, he took off his robe and hung up the Shenwumen, saying goodbye to the above. Make a promise.
(2) and then stop at Qushan, sentence capacity. Heng said, "Yesterday there was a Taoist named Sanmao in Xianyang, who was in charge of this mountain, hence the name Maoshan." Sun Yat-sen Museum, named Tao as a recluse in Huayang. Cross the famous mountains and look for the fairy medicine. Sexual landscape, every time you cross the valley, you must sit and lie in it, chanting and lingering, and you can't have it. I like pine breeze very much. Every time I hear it, I take pleasure in it. He said to his master, "I have seen the Zhumen Building. Although I know it is Hua Le, I don't want to go there. Looking at the high rocks and overlooking Ozawa, I know it's hard to stop. I want to do it. While looking for Lu in Yongming, it is different; If you don't do this, you can't do it today. It's just that you have a fairy, and it's also fate. "
(3) Hongjing is a smooth and modest person, with a mysterious origin, such as a mirror, which is convenient for things. Good writing, still strange, concerned about the current situation, always caring. He also tried to create a muddy sky, three feet high, with the ground in the center and the sky turning motionless, so that he could maneuver it until he met the sky. Yun: "What you need to cultivate a monastery is not just the place for historians."
(4) Shen Yue is the chief of Dongyang, and he is tired of books and frustrated at the Festival of Gao Qi.
⑤ Emperor Wu traveled with him early, and became more elegant after he ascended the throne, asking questions endlessly, looking up and down, and inviting him to visit repeatedly. No, just draw two cows, one scattered among the water plants, one with a golden halter, and someone holding a rope and driving with a stick. Emperor Wu smiled and said, "This man does everything. What reason does he have to learn from a tortoise that drags its tail? " Every time the country has good or bad luck to conquer major events, it is called the prime minister in the mountains when consulting.
(Selected from "History of Seclusion in the South", with deletion)
17. Write the meaning of the following words in the sentence. (4 points)
(1) So stopping at Qushan () (2) is a constant thing ().
(3) Old and refined () (4) Moving ()
18. Translate the following sentences into modern Chinese. (6 points)
(1) And Chang, who has read more than 10,000 volumes, is deeply ashamed that he knows nothing.
(2) Shen Yue, the chief of Dongyang, was high-spirited and tired of books.
19. There should be two pauses in the underlined sentence in the fifth paragraph, please mark them with "/". (2 points)
Every time a country has good or bad luck, it will go forward to discuss major issues. When it comes to counseling, people call it a massacre in the mountains.
20. According to the context, summarize the reasons for Tao Hongjing's seclusion. (2 points)
2 1. What does Tao Hongjing's picture of two cows mean? What does he want to express? (3 points)
Reference answer
17.( 1) Stop: live (2) just: near, go (3) deep, or even (4) move: turn. ...
18.( 1) When he grew up, he read more than ten thousand books. If he doesn't understand something, he will be ashamed of it. (65,438+0) (2) Shen Yue, as the chief of Dongyang, thought himself noble and noble, and invited him to be an official many times, but (he) never accepted it. (High, tired and demanding 1 min)
19. Every time the country conquers great events, it is called "xianggong" to discuss in the mountains.
20. Tao Hongjing loves to live in seclusion, and his nature is noble (1 min); Although he was brilliant and cautious when he was an official, he finally made a mistake, so he retired to avoid the harm of officialdom. ( 1)
2 1. Cattle scattered in water plants are free, just like people who live in seclusion between mountains and rivers are free; A cow with a golden halter, like an official, is driven by wealth. (2 points) Tao Hongjing wants to tell Liang Wudi that he would rather live in seclusion in the mountains than be an official. ( 1)
Translation 1
Tao Hongjing, the word Liang, was born in Moling, Danyang County (now Jiangning County, Jiangsu Province). Tao Hongjing has a distinct personality and ambition since he was a child. When I was four or five years old, I often used reeds as pens and learned calligraphy in the dust of painting. After reading more than 10 thousand books when he grew up, he felt ashamed of something he didn't understand. When he was less than twenty years old, he was recommended as "the idea of kings" and was awarded the official position of "Please serve the court". Although he lives under the door of power, he always hides himself, does not deal with outsiders, and only reads books every day. In the imperial court, most things about etiquette and laws are decided by him. In the tenth year of Yongming, he took off his imperial costume and hung it on the door of Shenwumen, and resigned from the throne. The emperor granted his request by imperial decree.
He lives in seclusion in Juqu Mountain, Jurong County. He often said: "In the past Han Dynasty, there was an Xi 'an 1 Xi Sanmao Army. When they got the word, they came to take charge of this mountain, so they called it Maoshan. " So he built a house halfway up the mountain, calling himself "Huayangtao living in seclusion". He traveled all over the famous mountains in search of fairy medicine. Nature loves mountains and rivers. Whenever he passes through mountains, streams, valleys and other places, he will sit or lie down, recite poems and compose poems, and wander for a long time, and his excited mood is hard to calm down. He especially likes the sound of Songtao lapping on the shore. Second, when he heard the sound of pine trees, he couldn't help feeling happy. He said to his disciples, "I saw the house of the powerful, the Huawu Building. Although I have seen luxury happiness, I have no yearning heart. Looking at the high mountains and overlooking the vast lakes, I know it is difficult to live in them, but I often want to get close to them. When I become an official next year, I always make mistakes; (But) If it weren't for that, how could (I) get things done today? Is it just that (I) have immortals and gills, because I follow the trend and become like this? "
Tao Hongjing is modest and prudent, reciting the truth without sticking to it. Whether he is in office or hiding, he naturally eats peaches. His heart is like a mirror, and he can know everything at once. He is naturally fond of writing books, advocating the extraordinary and cherishing the natural scenery. The older you get, the deeper you love. Once again, the armillary sphere was built, which was more than three feet high. In the middle of the globe sleeve, the celestial sphere turned, but the globe didn't. It was the machine that turned, and they all met the celestial sphere. He said, "I made the muddy sky phenomenon to meet the needs of monasticism, and it is not just used by historians."
Shen Yue is the county magistrate of Dongyang County. Because he respected his ambition and integrity, he wrote to invite him (to be an official) many times, but he didn't accept it.
Liang Wudi used to have many friendships with him. After he ascended the throne, he was even more blessed. He kept writing letters and often sent envoys to visit him and give him gifts. But he is not an official. He just drew two cows. One was free in the weeds, the other was wearing a golden halter, and someone drove them away with a rope and a stick. Liang Wudi said with a smile, "This man has nothing to do. If he wants to learn from the tortoise, how can he be summoned by me to serve in the palace? " Whenever the country has something sinister, it will definitely come to consult him. At that time, people called him the prime minister in the mountains.
Translation 2:
Outside You 'anmen, there are grass bridges ten miles to the south and springs ten miles to Fiona Fang. During the Li Tang period, there was wanfu temple, and the temple collapsed, leaving only the grass bridge, but the spring water was still there, and the shepherd's purse lotus was flourishing. During the apocalypse, a temple in Yuan Jun, Bi Xia was built in the north of Caoqiao. Every April, tourists gather here to collect money, drink and gamble, and stop for more than ten days. The soil here is suitable for the growth of flowers and trees because of its spring water, so the locals take planting flowers and plants as their occupation. The burden of city people selling flowers is always hundreds of thousands from 7: 00 to 9: 00 every morning, and they are picked one by one to sell in the city.
The earliest season in Meng Chun is plum blossom, followed by camellia, daffodils and tanchun flowers. Peach blossom and plum blossom are the earliest in mid-spring, followed by begonia and lilac. Peony flower is the earliest in late spring, followed by peony flower and then a flower. In summer, except pomegranate flowers, they are all herbal flowers. There are five colors of flowers, such as hollyhock, millet and impatiens, three colors of flowers are Celosia cristata, two colors of Hosta, and one color of flowers is Ten Sisters, Osmanthus fragrans and flowers looking forward to winter and autumn, cold-resistant red and white flowers, cold-resistant wood flowers, money flowers and cold-resistant and frost-resistant begonia. Osmanthus fragrans is a southern variety with the least quantity; Chrysanthemum, a northern variety, has the largest number. Planting chrysanthemums, from spring to summer, is harder than planting crops. Chrysanthemum is easy to get sick, and chrysanthemum has more pests than crops. The gardener worked hard day and night for half a year, and he had no worries about food and clothing all year round.
Only the grass bridge blooms in winter, cut off the branches of flowers and trees that bloom in spring, summer and autumn, hide them in a pit, and then heat them with a fire pit. In mid-October, peony flowers will be able to pay tribute to the palace. On New Year's Day, Toona sinensis buds and cucumbers are presented. This greenhouse planting technique has existed since the Han Dynasty. In the gardens of the Han government, onions, leeks and vegetables were planted in winter, greenhouses were built and fires were made day and night. All kinds of vegetables can grow at the right temperature. When Shao was in charge of Shaofu, he thought that this vegetable was out of season and should not be provided to the royal family. Stop writing to the emperor.
Caoqiao is ten miles away from Fengtai, and there are many pavilions in it. Many of these pavilions are located in gardens by the water. Wan Liutang, Lian Xixian, Zhao Baogua Pavilion, and Fan Fangting, the envoy of Liyuan, are all in sight, but there are no locations and sites, and no one knows the specific location.
He is good at Taoist taboo practice and guides homo sapiens to keep fit, and he still looks very strong after 80 years old. He worshipped Sean in the Han Dynasty and called him "the ancient sage Moby".
During the Jianwu period (AD 494), Xiao Keng, the capital of Qi, was killed at the age of eighteen. That night, Tao Hongjing dreamed of Pit to say goodbye to him, let him know what happened after Pit went to the underworld, and gained many secrets. Later, he wrote these secrets into a book called Dream.
Xiao Gang, later Jian Wendi, was the secretariat of South Xuzhou at that time. Because I admired his elegant demeanor and self-cultivation, I called him to the kitchen and chatted for several days before leaving. Xiaogang has great respect for him and thinks he is a strange and extraordinary person.
He once dreamed that the Buddha gave him a record that he could realize that Bodhi was a positive result and become a Bodhisattva. So he noticed the tourists.