Recently, Sun Tianqi, director of the Financial Stability Bureau of the People's Bank of China, named the deposit products that banks cooperated with the Internet platform, saying that this model broke through the geographical restrictions of local corporate banks; Moreover, the liquidity characteristics of such deposits are different from traditional savings deposits, which brings new problems to regulatory authorities and financial institutions; Internet financial platform to carry out such financial business is an illegal financial activity of driving without a license, which should be included in the scope of financial supervision.
"At present, we have not received the notice from the regulatory authorities, and our products on the Internet platform are still on sale. At the same time, we have recently increased the quota on these platforms and have made emergency plans. " A banker said.
Standardize the risk of "non-compliant deposits"
The above-mentioned bankers admit that the bank has not yet received the policy of the regulatory authorities. "If the policy doesn't come so fast, we still hope to sell it on the platform for a while. We have also recently increased the amount of deposit products in the Internet platform channel, hoping to sell more in the end. "
Su, a senior researcher at Sack Research Institute, said that from a regulatory point of view, Internet depository mainly has the following risks: First, cross-regional risks. The supervision believes that local corporate banks have broken through geographical restrictions and expanded their deposit business to the whole country; The second is liquidity risk. The supervision believes that the unique attributes of Internet platform deposits pose a challenge to the liquidity management of small and medium-sized banks; The third is operational compliance risk. Cross-regional risk small and medium-sized banks rely on the Internet platform to conduct remote transactions with depositors in different places. The depositor's real-name authentication and due diligence are different from offline transactions, and there may be potential compliance risks; The fourth is the risk of third-party intermediaries. According to the supervision, in the past two years, many banks launched deposit products on the Internet financial platform, and the Internet financial platform carried out such financial business, which was an illegal financial activity of driving without a license.
"Through the Internet platform, some banks have achieved cross-regional exhibition industry, which in turn involves local interests and risk disposal responsibilities." A stock banker pointed out.
Su said that financial supervision has also started the route of "digital transformation". Up to now, the Interim Measures for the Administration of Online Loans of Commercial Banks have been promulgated. In June 5438+February 65438+April, the CBRC issued the Measures for the Supervision of Internet Insurance Business. In the future, it is expected to issue the subsequent Interim Measures for the Administration of Internet Deposits in Commercial Banks and other similar documents.
In view of the risk of Internet platform depository, Wang Yongsheng, an expert in Internet wealth business management, pointed out that the first aspect lies in the operational risk of banks. For example, the high overdue rate of bank asset business and loan business may affect cash recovery and bank stability. If there is a run on public opinion, it will bring liquidity risk; The second aspect is the suspension of regulatory policies, or the suspension of cooperation on Internet platforms on which banks rely, which may lead to a sharp decline in the scale of storage and a sharp increase in the liquidity risk of banks. Local banks, especially rural commercial banks and rural banks, may not want to see cross-regional exhibition industry through the Internet. The third aspect is the risk of the Internet platform. Some Internet platforms may be poorly managed, leading to customer information leakage, or engaging in high-risk business, which may affect the operational stability of Internet platforms and make the follow-up customer service unsustainable.
Are private bank deposit products exempt?
For a long time, the deposit products of private banks have occupied the "C position" of major Internet platforms. Offline dot is limited by "one line one point". Private banks launch deposit products through the internet financial platform, which has become the main means for them to absorb deposits and ease liquidity pressure.
Su believes that the Internet deposit management is becoming stricter, and the most affected group is small and medium-sized banks, because the capital replenishment channels of small and medium-sized banks are not as good as those of big banks, and they are highly dependent on deposits. In particular, private banks are more dependent on online deposits because of fewer outlets, and the debt side of small and medium-sized banks will face challenges.
According to the director of a head consumer finance company, Internet deposit products are all based on the Internet platform. If the Internet platform is restricted, the impulse of private banks and small and medium-sized banks to absorb deposits will be limited. Of course, private banks have inherent shortcomings in absorbing deposits, and supervision should leave them a door.
"In the long run, we still have to strengthen the construction of our own channels, and it is certainly unrealistic to expect third parties." The above bankers said.
Wang Jianhui, an industry veteran, pointed out that for private banks, business expansion needs certain self-restraint, such as setting the corresponding proportion of Internet deposits, how much to obtain from local sources and how much to obtain from other places, and understanding whether the matching of local and foreign debt assets is appropriate. If the foreign debt is too high, it may have an impact on the asset structure and need to adjust itself. At the same time, private banks should make more efforts in obtaining from different places, Internet administrative licensing, and relevant compliance filing. In addition, the regulatory authorities need to have certain flexibility and balance ability, and allow private banks to make appropriate use of Internet channels to meet their own development, enhance their competitiveness and enrich market diversification under the premise of controllable risks.
In response to the regulatory trend, Su made three suggestions to small and medium-sized banks: First, clarify the business structure. In the original words of supervision, "some banks rely on the internet platform to absorb deposits, and the deposit structure has changed greatly", "some banks have accounted for 70% of deposits" and "replaced interbank financing to some extent". It can be inferred that the supervision believes that relying on the Internet platform to absorb deposits is risky. Institutions need to be clear about their business structure and scale ratio, slow down the pace and pass the customs. The second is to evaluate regulatory indicators, such as liquidity matching rate, high-quality liquidity asset adequacy ratio, core debt ratio and other important regulatory indicators, conduct stress tests, and formulate relevant disposal plans for online running; The third is to step up the balance of income structure and do a good job in refined operation of customers. Banks need to be prepared for danger in times of peace, do a good job of customer retention, and cannot rely too much on high-interest absorption reserves. The new regulations are coming soon. At this stage, it is important to predict the situation, adjust it in time, and decisively slow down or even stop drinking poison to quench thirst.