Writing background

This article is a biography written by the author under the guise of Mr. Wu Liu, but it is actually an autobiography. Shen Yue's Book of Song Dynasty and Xiao Tong's Biography of Tao Yuanming are both regarded as "true records". Judging from Mr. Wuliu's hobbies and ideological character in his biography, it is the same as that in Tao Yuanming's other poems, and the legend is credible. The article created an image of a hermit independent of the secular from the aspects of ideological character, hobbies and living conditions, and praised his peaceful and happy spirit.

After telling the origin of the name "Mr. Wu Liu", the article points out Mr. Wu Liu's seclusion mentality with a phrase "quiet and indifferent, not envious of honor and disgrace". Then the author began to talk about his pleasure in seclusion: "being good at reading, not asking for more answers" shows a Mr. Wu or Liu who gets spiritual pleasure from reading; "Sexual Alcoholism" and "I'll get drunk when I'm ready" show a frank and open-minded Mr. "The Ring is Blocked and Bare" and "Yan Ruyu" depict a gentleman who lives in poverty and enjoys happiness. "I often write articles for my own amusement" and "Forget the gains and losses" describe a Mr. Wu or Liu who enjoys himself and is indifferent to fame and fortune. These narratives vividly depict the image of a hermit who is poor but leisurely. In the praise at the end of the article, it is said that Mr. Wu Liu seems to be a Ge citizen with no history, which is another praise for his noble personality.

Summary of knowledge points

First, pronunciation

1. Typical words

Alcoholic (qián lóu), drunk (zhé), stingy (Li) and short brown (hè).

(dān)Ji Ji(jí)He(chóu)He(shāng)He(yū)

(Yan)

2. Polysyllabic words

Second, the font

Third, meaning.

1. keyword

Z: here, here. No:No. Wine glasses.

Buy wine: set wine. Meaning: the meaning of the book. Ask for leave: please go home on a long vacation.

2. Polysemy

3. Flexible use of parts of speech

Sexual alcoholism, family poverty is always not available (wine: noun as verb to drink)

Take pleasure in one's ambition (joy: adjectives are used to make … happy, or take pleasure in …)

4. Function words in classical Chinese

Because numbers (auxiliary words at the end of sentences, meaningless)

There is no Huai family (German, auxiliary word)

Don't ask for an answer (hen, adverb)

Many words are empty (usually adverbs)

Never hesitated to stay (respect, nai, adverb, used to emphasize mood, often used with negative words)

5. Different meanings of ancient and modern times

(1) Every understanding (ancient meaning: unique understanding of the meaning of books; Modern meaning: understanding what others don't understand)

(2) from the old knowledge (ancient meaning: old friend, old friend; Modern meaning: past, outdated)

(3) Factor (ancient meaning: take it as, that is, "use what it does ……"; Meaning: thinking)

6. Related idioms

Don't ask for too much understanding: originally, reading only understands the spiritual essence, and you don't need to chew words repeatedly. At present, we only ask for a general idea, not a deep understanding.

Extraordinary and refined: describes the extraordinary and unique characters.

Fourth, special sentence patterns

1. ellipsis

Be good at reading, not seeking to know more [omit the subject, (Teacher May 6th) be good at reading, not seeking to know more]

Because the number is ambiguous [omit the object "zhi" because it is ambiguous]

2. Inverted sentences

Don't care about the poor, don't care about the rich (adverbial "to the poor" and "to the rich" should be "not to the poor, not to the rich")

3. Interrogative questions

No one with a family? GM Shi Tian's people?

4. Judgment

Sir, I don't know who to judge. I don't know where Mr. Wu Liu is from)

Five, literature common sense

1. About the author

Tao Yuanming (365-427) had a distinct personality. When it comes to fame, this word has far-reaching significance. Xunyang Chaisang (now Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province) was born. The world calls it "Mr. Jingjie". Because there are five willows beside the house, he calls himself "Mr. Five Willows". Famous pastoral poet, essayist and lyricist. In the first year of Yixi (405), he was 4 1 year old and resigned from Peng. Since then, he has left the officialdom forever and lived in seclusion for more than 20 years. There are more than 0/20 poems/kloc-poems, 6 essays and 2 ci-fu poems. The most distinctive is his poems describing rural life. Cifu, such as Gui Xi Ci, prose, such as Peach Blossom Garden, Biography of Mr. Wu Liu, and poetry, such as Gui Yuan Ji and Ode to Jing Ke, are all excellent works handed down from generation to generation.

2. Stylistic knowledge

(1) About Biography

Biography is a work that records the life stories of characters, some of which are called "biographies". Biography can be divided into two categories: one is historical biography, which mainly describes people or historical facts accurately. Historical biographies are generally described by others, such as biographies of emperors, princes and nobles or national history, chronologies of people's deeds arranged in chronological order, biographies of people's resumes, autobiographies, etc. The other is literary biography, which, based on historical facts, uses visual methods to describe the life experiences, mental outlook and historical background of characters in depth, form plots, and make appropriate associations and imaginations.

(2) About "liking"

"Praise" is a form of historical biography, attached to the end of the biography. "Wen Xin Diao Long" said: "Praise, understand and help." According to Mr. Zheng Zhenduo's explanation, there are some incomplete notes in the biography, which supplement the meaning of "praise", that is, "help"; The meaning of praise and criticism in biography is not exhaustive, but is fully manifested in "praise", which is the so-called "Ming" meaning. Therefore, "praise" is not a compliment, but a further supplement and explanation to the notes and annotations of historical biography. For example, Biography of Mr. Wu Liu uses the whole form of "praise" to further explain the spirit of Mr. Wu Liu and expand the realm of the article.

Sixth, famous articles and sentences

1. Be quiet, don't be greedy.

2. study hard and don't ask for a solution; Whenever I know something, I will happily forget to eat.

3. Don't worry about poverty, don't worry about wealth.

Key sentence

First, the analysis of interrogative sentences

1. I don't know who Mr. Wang is or what his last name is. There are five willows near the house, because I think they are numbered.

Mr. Wu Liu doesn't know where he comes from, nor his name and inscription. Because there are five willows next to the house, I made my own number with them. " Why, where. Xu, Chu. Unknown, I don't know what to think and do. How about it? Modal auxiliary words.

Analysis: This sentence tells the origin of the name "Mr. May 6th". I don't know my last name, but I mean the No.5 vitamin near my home. It can be seen that Mr. Wu's anonymity and isolation are enough to break away from common customs, which highlights the popularity of Mr. Wu.

Be quiet, talk less, and don't worship Li Rong.

Translation: "He is very quiet, rarely talks, and does not envy wealth."

Analysis: this sentence points out Mr. Wu Liu's hermit mentality "Quiet" means not sociable, and "talking less" means not sociable. It can be seen from this sentence that Mr. Wang is not tempted by fame and fortune and is not loyal to his ambition.

3. Sexually addicted to alcohol, poor family always can't get it. I know when I am old, but I still buy wine. If you drink, you will get drunk. Since I retired drunk, I have not hesitated to stay.

Translation: "He has the nature of drinking, his family is poor, and he often has no wine to drink. Relatives and friends all know about him and sometimes invite him to drink. As soon as he comes, he will drink to his heart's content. I hope he will get drunk. Go home when you are drunk, don't pretend, just leave. " Old friends, relatives. Dear, relatives. Old friends, friends, friends. Make drinks and go to (someone's house) for a drink. Build, walk and arrive. Do it. Period, hope, wish. No I don't. Stingy and reluctant. Staying or not staying means staying.

Analysis: These words tell the story of drinking wine, the second greatest pleasure of Mr. Wu Liu's seclusion, and show a frank and open image.

4. The ring is blocked, and it doesn't pull the wind; Short brown collocation, numerous empty, Yan Ruyu!

Translation: "the humble room is cold and empty, and it can't cover the wind and the sun." There are many patches on the coarse cloth coat, and the rice basket and ladle are often empty, but he feels at ease. " The ring is bare: the simple room is abandoned. The ring is closed and surrounded by four walls, which describes the room as simple. Short brown knot, coarse jacket patched. A short brown coat made of animal hair or burlap. Tie a knot, then sew it after perforation, that is, patch it. Repeatedly, that is to say, you are often poor enough to lack food. Bamboo baskets are round bamboo utensils used to hold rice in ancient times. Spoons, drinking utensils. Repeatedly empty, often empty, refers to insufficient diet. Language "The Analects of Confucius Advanced": "It is also ordinary and empty." This sentence uses Yan Hui as a metaphor for Mr. Ru Yan was as cool as a cucumber.

Analysis: These words tell the story of Mr. Wu Liu's poor family, not because he was poor and ambitious, nor because he was poor and failed. He saw his high position and created a comfortable and happy image of Mr. Wu Liu.

5. Don't worry about poverty, don't worry about wealth.

I am not worried about poverty, and I am not keen on getting rich and being an official. Sorrow and sorrow. Despair, anxiety

Analysis: "I don't care about Li Rong" and this sentence point out the greatest characteristics and qualities of Mr.

Second, paragraph analysis.

1. "I don't know who you are, sir" was changed to "this is the end".

Analysis: This part tells the origin of the name "Mr. May 6th", the pleasure of seclusion and his living conditions.

Firstly, it tells the origin of the name "Mr. Wu Liu", and then points out Mr. Wu Liu's seclusion mentality with a sentence "quiet and indifferent, not envious of glory". Then he talked about his pleasure in seclusion: "being good at reading, not asking for more answers" shows a Mr. Wu or Liu who gets spiritual pleasure from reading; "Sexual Alcoholism" and "I'll get drunk when I'm ready" show a frank and open-minded Mr. "The Ring is Blocked and Bare" and "Yan Ruyu" depict a gentleman who lives in poverty and enjoys happiness. "I often write articles for my own amusement" and "Forget the gains and losses" describe a Mr. Wu or Liu who enjoys himself and is indifferent to fame and fortune. These narratives vividly depict the image of a hermit who is poor but leisurely.

2. [Praise] means "personality".

Analysis: This part comments on Mr. Wu Liu's free and easy mode of enjoying himself with poetry.

At the end of the article, "Zan" said that Mr. Wu Liu seems to be a citizen of Ge in ancient times, which means that Mr. Wu Liu's life is the life of people in an ideal society. Two questions reveal the author's longing for a quiet and indifferent life. In this way, the realm of the article is high, and the thought of the article is further sublimated, which can be said to be the "help" function of the "praise" style.

Article structure

The first part (1 paragraph) tells the origin of the name "Mr. Wuliu", the pleasure of seclusion and his living conditions.

The second part (the second paragraph): At the end of the article, Mr. Wu Liu is called an ancient man without Huai Ge, which is another praise for his noble personality.

Keynote discussion

The main points of this paper are as follows:

1. This article is a biography of Mr. Wu Liu written by the author, but it is actually an autobiography. From the ideological character, hobbies, living conditions and other aspects. The article praised his spirit of being poor and happy without seeking fame and fortune.

2. The article describes Mr. Wuliu's frank personality, his interest in reading, drinking and writing articles, and his daily life, which shows his noble character of "not greedy for profits" and not following the crowd, and shapes an image of a hermit independent of the secular.

My opinion: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Extracurricular discussion

Q: Is there such a person as Mr. Wu Liu in today's era? Talk about your feelings in connection with reality.

Introduction: To answer this question, we must first understand the image characteristics of Mr. Wu Liu and connect his life background with his life. After all, times are different, and people's minds will change.

Inquiry: The first step is to deeply understand the content of the text, correctly understand Mr. Wu Liu's frank personality, his interest in reading, drinking and writing, and his daily life, showing his character of "not greedy for profits" and not following the crowd, and he is an image of a hermit independent of the secular.

Secondly, his thought has certain social reasons. Look up information to understand the social background at that time.

The third step is to analyze Tao Yuanming's life. He has no ambition to help the poor. But at that time, the politics was dark and the society was turbulent, so he could not display his ambition and only worked as a few small officials. Because of his aversion to officialdom, he resigned and retired, leading a simple life. After he lived in seclusion in the countryside, he called himself "Mr. May 6th", engaged in farming personally and made friends with farmers. During this period, he wrote many poems praising beautiful natural scenery and simple rural life. The author wrote this article in his later years, and his life was quite embarrassing and difficult. However, he doesn't regret his choice of seclusion at all. Instead, he used the situation of Yan Hui, an ancient sage, to express his feelings of being poor and happy.

The fourth step, combined with reality, analyzes the difference between contemporary society and the era in which the author lives. People like Mr. Wu Liu have long changed their minds and left. People walk in the new era and strive to display their talents. How can they live in seclusion and stay away from society?

Self-training

Standard training

1. Fill in the blanks by dictation.

(1) Be quiet and talk less, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. Good reading, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _; I know every time, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

(2) ______________ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

(3) Qian Lou's wife said, "_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _"

Analysis: Recite the text correctly and fill in the blanks with the upper and lower sentences.

Reference answer: (1) Are you happy not to ask for an answer? Forgot to eat? (2) The ring plug is bare, short, brown, knotted and repeatedly empty.

(3) Do not care about the poor or the rich.

2. Pay attention to the words added below.

Drink like a dog (), do your best (), (), and ().

A: π

3. Explain the words added in the following sentences.

(1) Old friends know ()

(2) Making drinks ()

(3) Don't sympathize with the poor ()

(4) Don't use wealth ()

Analysis: Grasp the meaning of the key words in the text, analyze them in a specific language environment, and don't infer the meaning at will.

Reference answer: (1) An old friend, he (2) has gone and come again, (3) has a sad face, and (4) has an anxious face.

4. Fill in the blanks with literary common sense.

Mr. Wuliu's biography is a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

A: The biography of Tao Yuanming was an idyllic poet in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

This is Tao Yuanming's autobiography. Why did you say at the beginning, "Mr. Wang doesn't know his person and his last name"?

Analysis: The purpose of this question is to let us know the character through the description of the article.

Reference answer: In a humorous style, I wrote my own reclusive character, indifferent to fame and fortune, and unrestrained.

Comprehensive training

First, reading comprehension

(1) Read the following text and complete questions 6-9.

Biography of Mr. Wu Liu

I don't know who Mr. Wang is or what his last name is. There are five willows next to the house, because I don't think it's this number. Quiet, quiet, don't be greedy. Good reading, not asking for a solution; Whenever I know something, I will happily forget to eat. Sexual alcoholism, poor family is always not available. I know when I am old, but I still buy wine. If you drink, you will get drunk. Since I retired drunk, I have not hesitated to stay. The ring is bare and can't cover the windy days; Short brown knot, ladybug empty. I often amuse myself by writing articles, which shows my ambition. Regardless of gains and losses, die because of it.

Zan: Qian Lou's wife has a saying: "Don't care about poverty, don't care about wealth." Is his words true? Take pleasure in writing poems. No one with a family? GM Shi Tian's people?

6. Explain the words added in the following statements.

(1) His last name is unknown () (2) Every time he knows something ()

(3) You will get drunk in the future () (4) You sound like ()

7. Translate the following classical Chinese sentences.

Don't worry about poverty, don't seek wealth.

8. At the end of the article, "people without Wyeth" and "people with Ge Shitian" are mentioned, expressing the author's wishes?

9. According to the information provided in the article, briefly introduce Mr. Wu Liu (including living conditions, personality characteristics, aspirations and interests, etc. ) send it to your family or classmates in the form of biographies in your own language.

6. Analysis: To explain the meaning of words in classical Chinese sentences, we need to analyze the specific language environment.

Reference answer: (1) know (2) experience, understand (3) expect, hope (4) generation, the same kind.

7. Analysis: The translation of this sentence should correctly understand the meanings of "sadness" and "pity". Adverbials "in poverty" and "in prosperity" should be "not in poverty, not in prosperity".

Reference answer: I am not worried about poverty, and I am not keen on getting rich and being an official.

8. Analysis: Finally, he said, "Is he probably an ordinary person without Wyeth or an ordinary person under Ge Shitian?" It is said that people in those days lived a happy life, were indifferent and self-sufficient and had a simple social atmosphere. These two questions reveal the author's longing for a quiet, indifferent and stable life.

Reference answer: I hope that human society will return to its original state and people will live a simple and uncontroversial life. (meaning close. )

9. Analysis: Combined with the meaning of the text, it can be introduced from three aspects: life state, personality and ambition, and the language is concise and smooth.

Reference answer: Mr. Wuliu, named "Wuliu" because there are Wuliu beside the house. He comes from a poor family, does not seek fame and fortune, is quiet and taciturn, and doesn't talk much. He likes reading and drinking all his life and often writes articles to amuse himself.