Tombstones usually consist of three parts: the head, the text and the signature. ?

1, look up?

Check, mainly write the post and occupation of the deceased before his death, and some can also be omitted. ?

2. Text?

The text mainly indicates the name of the deceased and the name of the deceased. For example, "first test the tomb of Wang Jun ×× adults". ?

3. sign a contract?

Write down the identity and name of the person who erected the monument. ? The time for setting up the monument can be written or not. ?

Second, the epitaph?

Epitaphs often consist of three parts: title, text and inscription. ?

1, title?

The title generally consists of the name and language name of the deceased. Such as Liu Zihou's Epitaph. ?

2. Text?

Generally speaking, the content of epitaph text includes three aspects. First of all, we should briefly introduce the main life experiences of the deceased; The second is to evaluate the main merits and social value of the deceased; The third is the significance of writing a monument, while expressing condolences for the unfortunate death of the deceased. ?

3. sign a contract?

The inscription shall indicate the name of the unit that erected the monument and the name of the author, and shall be dated in words. It should be pointed out that some epitaphs have been written under the title, so only the date of writing can be indicated.

Third, the monument to merit?

The ancient monument of public morality has basically disappeared today, but today, in order to commend some advanced individuals, such as donating money.

There will also be a monument to commemorate the founding of the school, which can be called a contemporary merit monument. This kind of merit monument usually consists of three parts: title, text and signature. ?

1, title?

Titles usually consist of the names of meritorious persons and literary names. For example, "Mr. XXX donated money to build a school monument." ?

2. Text?

The words describe when, where, why and who did something good, and at the same time, the words should clearly indicate the gratitude of the units or individuals who set up the monument. ?

3. sign a contract?

The name of the person who erected the monument in the signature office and the date of erection. ?

Inscriptions generally require poetry and prose, which are catchy to read. The narrative is concise, lyrical and sincere, and the arguments are strong. Only in this way can it be called multiplication?

Inscriptions can be handed down to future generations, so when praising merits and taking notes, we should be objective and fair, and we should not exaggerate facts and spread fallacies. Regardless of praise or disapproval, it is more important not to lose the facts and be fair and just. ?

There are not many rigid frames in the inscription format. In particular, the content of inscriptions varies from person to person, so today's inscription writing should strive for innovation, focus on the needs of the times, and must not stick to the old system.

I. Meaning

A memorial carrier made by human beings for the burial place of the deceased is generally made of stone, wood, metal and other materials.

In ancient China, the "tomb instead of grave" was just buried underground, and there was no sign on the surface. Later, there was a grave with dirt on the ground and a tombstone.

After death, if you want to build a tomb, most of them must have an epitaph. Epitaphs generally record the name, place of origin, achievements, year of death, name of the person who built the monument and the relationship with the deceased. Writing an inscription should be full of respect and affection for the deceased. In the 22 nd year of the Republic of China, the Yuan Keli Tombstone, an interview with Suixian County, Tongzhi County, Henan Province, said: "Yuan Shangshu can set a tombstone, which is in the south of Suizhou City and the east of Liudian Village." The monument is eight feet high and is still called the system, about ten feet high.

Second, the source

You can remember the graves of bereavement for one or two generations, but not after three generations, especially after migration and war, you don't know where the ancestral graves are. How to solve it, people have come up with many ways. At first, people buried the dead. Inspired by the wooden stakes used to maintain the coffin rope, they inserted wooden stakes and bamboo poles in front of the tomb and tied fibrous things (paper or silk, etc.) ) to indicate the date and time of birth and death of the deceased, which is called "Ming Jing" (or "Ming Jing"). But it is easy to be damaged, so people try to find another way: the rich use stone pillars instead of wooden pillars, and engrave the name, birth time and official rank of the deceased on the stone pillars.

In order to carve more characters, its shape evolved into squares and rectangles, and it began to be buried inside or outside the tomb. Referring to the architectural structure, the top of the monument is capped and decorated with animals, plants or landscape patterns, and the body of the monument is engraved with the resume of the deceased. It shows that he was buried alone with his wife, concubine, son and daughter. Geomantic geographical orientation of the inscribed Yin House (that is, the tomb) (expressed in heavenly stems and earthly branches). Middle-class families set up medium-sized tombstones, while poor families can only set up small stone tablets with names, ceramic brick tablets or plant some evergreen trees as symbols.

As a result, tombstones are gradually transformed from practical products into cultural works of art, and their functions, shapes, textures and decorations are becoming more and more diversified. Celebrity tombstones pay more attention to granite, marble and other high-quality stone materials. There is a statue of the deceased on the top of the monument or a porcelain statue of the deceased embedded in the center of the monument. Tombstones have become "honorary certificates" and decorations to record the family background and merits of the deceased. This is in line with the social fashion of China people to honor their ancestors, benefit future generations and last forever.

In order to avoid natural erosion and man-made destruction caused by wind, rain and sun, a monument was erected outside the tomb, and the epitaph and inscription were buried in the tomb. Tombstones prevailed in Han and Tang dynasties, and later became a fixed trend.