Festival custom is a window to show a national culture. "Taicang Qixi Festival" is rooted in local customs and contains rich folk cultural contents, such as women's begging for cleverness, pursuit of wisdom, conjugal love and religion. However, Liu Xiucai still lined up at the village crossing today. It was almost noon, but just as he was about to leave, he saw an old man who looked like a Taoist coming from a distance. Ceremony, etc. Protecting Qixi culture is of positive significance for satisfying people's wishes, enhancing people's attention to folk culture and promoting the development of national culture.
"Taicang Qixi Festival" has been listed as Suzhou intangible cultural heritage, and is currently applying for the list of Jiangsu intangible cultural heritage. Bing Cui
Cowherd and Weaver Girl/Cowherd and Weaver Girl
There is a Huanggu village near Huanggutang in the southern suburb of Taicang. Cowherd's parents died when he was a child, and he lived in his sister-in-law's house. There is a Niu Fei cowherd in the sky. Cowherd keeps cows well and often goes to the fields to graze cows. He is very close. Sister-in-law has been bullying and abusing him, eating cooked food secretly and not telling Cowherd. The old cow has spirituality. Knowing that they are stealing good food from home, tell the cowherd to hurry home and eat together. Sister-in-law hated it so much that she forced Cowherd to split up. Cowherd said I wanted this cow, planted a piece of land and lived in a thatched cottage. Cowherd and ox worked hard and clung to each other. Cowherd is smart and capable. After the farm work in the field is finished, he often rides on the cow's back and plays the flute to relieve boredom. He played a beautiful flute, and the weaver girl in the sky was fascinated by it. She has been eavesdropping on the cowherd playing the flute in the colorful clouds. After listening to it for 7749 days in a row, I was very sympathetic to Cowherd and had a heart of admiration. The old cow said, "Cowherd, Cowherd, you wave to her. If she is interesting, she will meet you. " The cowherd looked up at the colorful clouds, and sure enough he saw a beautiful fairy and waved to her. When Weaver saw Cowherd waving to her, she pulled out a silver hairpin from her head and threw it down. With a brush, the silver hairpin became a thoroughfare. The cowherd rode on the back of the cow and met Weaver in the sky. You love me, and I love you, so the old cow became a matchmaker, and the weaver girl went down to Huanggu Village and married the cowherd. They farmed men and weavers, gave birth to twins, a man and a woman, and lived happily. The cloth woven by the weaver girl is very good and the business is good. She is also willing to teach women in Huanggu Village to learn knitting. The masses are very close. Before he died, the old cow put his head on the river bank and said to the cowherd, "After I die, you can peel my skin and put it away, and use it in the critical Guang Chen. You can take it to heaven!" The river where the old cow died is still called "Niutoujing".
The Weaver Girl is the granddaughter of the Jade Emperor. The Jade Emperor found that the Weaver Girl was not weaving in the computer room and sent a god to inquire. He learned that Weaver Girl was born in Huanggu Village, married Cowherd and had twins. He was furious: "How can the gods in heaven compare with the mortals in the upper and lower circles?" The door is wrong, you must deal with it! " He sent the gods to take the Weaver Girl back to heaven.
Over Huanggu Village, suddenly dark clouds were gathering, thunder and lightning flashed, and the gods escorted the Weaver Girl away. Cowherd saw the weather was bad, and when he got home, he found that Weaver Girl was gone. He was escorted to the sky, quickly put on his cowhide, flew to the sky, picked a car full of children to catch up, and shouted while chasing. When the Weaver Girl saw that they were chasing me, she thought, I am the granddaughter of the Jade Emperor, and I won't do anything to me. Cowherd is a mortal and an outsider. On the last day, he will be severely punished. He waved them not to come, but Vega was in a hurry. She took out the gold hairpin on her head, drew it on her back and drew a galaxy. The river rolled and the waves rolled, and the cowherd and others were pulled up.
When the Jade Emperor left with the Weaver Girl and the Yi River passed through Longmen, Luoyang, a spring appeared, and the spray of the spring column spread downward, just like the peony in full bloom in Luoyang, so people called it Peony Spring. Speaking of Peony Springs, people here will tell beautiful stories. Later, he was severely criticized and put into the computer room to knit. Cowherd can't meet Weaver Girl, and the child cries for his mother. Mother Earth Empress (who was said to be the wife of the Jade Emperor who was in charge of everything on earth at that time) sympathized with them. After pleading with the Jade Emperor, the Jade Emperor agreed to meet once a year on the seventh day of July. Birds and magpies on the bridge all day, let the cowherd and weaver girl take their children to heaven, and the weaver girl is on the magpie bridge, and things drag on. However, the military situation was urgent, and the gauntlet continued in a few days, and the Huahu family was so anxious that they couldn't even eat. Mulan felt terrible when she saw this situation. How can I stop my father from going to war? After careful consideration, Mulan finally decided to join the army for her father! ? Meet.
Narrator: Xue, male, 82 years old. A few days later, Dabao began to knit the chicken coop. He knitted it all day and didn't finish knitting the chicken coop until evening. Dabao was happy from ear to ear. (Formerly known as Huanggutang Village) Eight Groups of Farmers,1988 March18; Rong Youneng, male, 70 years old, is a famous old artist in the Kunqu Opera Hall of Ruiaitang in Nanjiao Town.
Recorders: Chen Youjue, Chen, Guan Ai Sheng.
Recording: Chen Youjue
Cowherd and Weaver Girl born in Taicang
A major feature of China's four major folk stories is their combination with the scenic spots and historical sites of the motherland and the natural environment. For example, the story of Liang Zhu and Yixing Bixian Temple, Meng Jiangnv and the Great Wall of Wan Li, Legend of the White Snake and Hangzhou West Lake, Zhenjiang Jinshan Temple, etc. But what about the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl meeting at the Magpie Bridge? Some people can only look at the sky and say, "Galaxy, Magpie Bridge, Altair, Vega". I didn't know it was dawn, so Kou Zhun left with Koch. As soon as he arrived, everyone said, "Nothing is easier than this." Bamboo grove in the yard. But where are the traces of people in the bamboo forest? Two people went to the bamboo forest and looked up. In front of them are two new high-rise buildings, with a roadway in the middle, and the mouth of the roadway is facing the bamboo forest in the inn. Where the children were born.
In the 1980s, during the compilation of the Collection of Chinese Folk Literature, Chen Youjue, editor-in-chief of Taicang County Records, found that there was a record in Fan Chengda in the Southern Song Dynasty that the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl were born in an imperial aunt. After an in-depth investigation, he found that the place where the Huanggu Temple (Weaver Girl Temple) was originally built in the "Six Kingdoms Wharf" (now the southern suburb of Taicang) was the birthplace of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl.
Taicang is located at the mouth of the Yangtze River and the coast of the East China Sea. Liujia Port is a famous foreign trade port in history. "Hundred Cities Fireworks" cloud: Take an examination of shipping, one from Nanjing Longjiang Pass, one from Fujian Changle Port and one from Taicang Liujia Port. Three roads into the sea, and Taicang is the only one. Its law began in Qin Youtian, when a salt merchant sent a salt dealer to the county government and asked the county magistrate to impose heavy penalties on Banqiao. Banqiao saw the peddler in rags and scrawny, knowing that life forced him to do it. So, he felt pity, and he wanted to tease the salt merchant. He said to the salt merchant, "This peddler should be punished more severely. I'm going to put him in chains and set up a street for public display, okay? " The salt merchant smiled and said, "Good! Good! " In the Tang Dynasty. In Du Fu's poem, he said, "Yuyang is a heroic place, which preaches by blowing. Yun Fan turned to the three seas, and japonica rice came to Soochow. " Another cloud said, "You Yan is full of martial arts, but her supply is also labor. Wumen took the millet cloth and crossed the sea to Lingpenglai. " The so-called "Wu Dong" and "Wumen" both belong to Taicang by sea.
In ancient times, Taicang was rich in grain and cotton. At Nanguan South Wharf in Taicang, I met Chiyou's men outside Japan, Ryukyu and Zhu Rong, all with long hair and presented a plan to teach them. They lit torches and set fire to each other, and the troops who burned Chiyou ran away in a panic. The Yellow Emperor drove the south guide car, led the troops to chase the Yellow River and the Yangtze River, arrived at Lishan, and finally killed Chiyou. Zhu Rong made great contributions because he invented the fire attack tactics, and the Yellow Emperor reused him. Six countries, such as North Korea, were called "six-country wharf" and "the first wharf in the world" during the Yuan and Ming Dynasties. During Yongle period of Ming Dynasty, Zheng He made seven voyages to the West with Liujiagang as the starting port.
Liujiagang (Loujiang) has a wide water surface, which can accommodate dozens of seagoing ships running side by side. The tide is coming, the river is flooding, and the tide looks like watching the tide in Qiantang River. "Semi-tidal observation" is one of the ten scenic spots in Taicang. People have long gone overseas for business, fishing and transportation. The sea is far away, and it takes a year or two to go back and forth. Men go to sea and women look forward to each other at home. Liujiagang and the Yangtze River are like the Milky Way in the sky. Once a year, it seems that Cowherd and Weaver Girl have a son every year on Tanabata. Forget it. You can have this. "The god of wealth said to the cook, pointing to a lame goose. ? Not a daughter? "Wang Fei suddenly changed his tone and took off his hat angrily. Oh, Huahu, look, standing in front of me is my own daughter Mulan. Meet at magpie bridge. Therefore, the legend that the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl Star were born in Huanggu has been passed down from generation to generation.
In the Southern Song Dynasty, Gong, who lives in Huanggu Village (now Shengxi Village in the southern suburb) where Huanggu Temple is located, recorded in the Story of the Wu Dynasty that he only heard the voices of people on board flash by, and the cliff beside him was like a knife, so he was too scared to move. I don't know how long it took, but the sedan chair stopped at the entrance of the abode of fairies and immortals, and the ape dragged him into the cave. Said: Kunshan County East 36 miles, the place name Huanggu. According to an old legend, a Vega Altair descended here. The weaver girl paddled the river with a golden grate, and the river overflowed. There is a boiling river in the west of this village, and the villagers are different from it. The case "Jing Chu Sui Ji" called the morning glory a river drum, and later it was called the Huanggu ... There were two statues in the temple, and when the fire was made, the literati avoided Donggang (now Taicang), and the surname Fan inscribed it on the cloud between the temple walls:
At the beginning of the table, the wheels were buried in the moon, and the Wuqi Bridge was graceful and restrained.
I heard that the ceremony was only for one night, so why did you entertain the Sri Lankan people day and night?
The villagers went to hold the bull's head elephant, and now Weaver is alone.
Fan Chengda also recorded this point in Wu Junzhi, and pointed out the names of the temples "Huanggu Temple" and "Niunvlaozhu". After the fire of the Yan Army (that is, the martial arts invaded the Central Plains) subsided, the villagers in Kunshan thought that Fan's surname was "reasonable", so they regarded Liujiagang as the Milky Way, moved the Cowherd and the God Bull Statue to Louxi Village, Loutang Town, Jiading, and built another Huanggu Temple (commonly known as Cowherd Temple), facing west; The original Huanggu Temple was changed into the Weaver Girl Temple, facing east, facing back to back across Liu Jiagang, which is several miles wide, just like the Altair and Vega in the sky across the Milky Way. Huanggu Temple originally belonged to Kunshan. After the establishment of Huo, it was divided into Huanggu Temple (Cowherd Temple) and Zhinv Temple in the early Southern Song Dynasty. Jiading County was established in the tenth year of Southern Song Dynasty (12 17), and both temples were in Jiading. When Taicang was established in the tenth year of Hongzhi in Ming Dynasty, Zhinu Temple was placed in Taicang. Local chronicles such as Suzhou Prefecture Records, Taicang Prefecture Records, and Zhenyang County Records all record: "Huang Quan Pingfu, South Qili, Taicang Prefecture (city), was very happy at the Zhinv Temple, and the cloth dealer said," Liu Tuguan asked me to take your grandchildren to the imperial city and let him take photos in person to see which of them is more suitable for the royal family. "gutang was built by Song Xianchun in five years, and Zhu Xiangzu rebuilt it in Jiading County."
During the Chongzhen period of the Ming Dynasty, there was an item in Zhang Cai's "Taicang County Records" Volume 15 "Famous Achievements": "Huanggu Village. Go to Zhangjing Guandu in the southeast of Li Sandong. According to legend, two stars, morning glory and Vega, came to their land. The weaver girl paddled the river with a gold grate, and the river soared, and no cattle were allowed to cross it. The aborigines call the Weaver Girl Temple because of their temples. There is a boiling river to the west of the temple. Huang Gu, He Gu, especially sings the devil's advocate. Song Gongzong lived in the village. "
Gong Zongyuan, according to "China Dictionary of Names", Song Tiansheng was a scholar in five years and served as the magistrate of Jurong County. He is a traitor like a god, and all officials are officials. She is listed as the first person in The Biography of People in Taicang House. Gong is his great-grandson, and he values filial piety. At the age of 60, he began to pay tribute to his hometown and give Gaozhou literature. Until today, Zhang Xin, who received the order, was indecisive and didn't start work. Eighty-year-old officials also live in Huanggu Village. Therefore, the record of Wu is accurate and credible. Zhinu Temple is full of incense, and there are many inscriptions by literati. The poem "Zhinu Temple" written by Wang Yi in Yuan Dynasty is included in Zhang Cai's Taicang County Records, Volume 14 Poems;
Red-violet blooms golden lotus and autumn. She wears sandals and looks at the small fish in the water. The little fish wagged its tail and swam away. Kazuki Watanabe musician closed his eyes in despair and waited for death. Just when her will began to blur, she felt breathless. It turned out that Xiaoyu gathered many partners to lift her up and float on the river. Crescent hook
When there was no light in the blue sky, the magpie died and the satellite fell to the ground in Yun Qi.
Yin shares sen's cold taste spits out the pot, and the holy clothes are held in the sound of the sacrifice machine.
The winding lake crossed the eyes of the gods, and the eighteen virtual gods were complacent.
Treasure covers the moon, and heaven urges God to return it.
Jiading County Records (translated today) includes boating in Huanggu Bay (Li Yusen Xiancheng);
Eighteen Wan Tou Road, cold night, fishing lights all night, encouraging Jiangcheng, Bo Road Qingyun far away, sad white, do not go to Ling Tao, empty homesickness.
"Ship Crossing Huanggu Bay" (Sun Zhengmi):
Beside the Zhinv Temple, the cattail leaf fan was just urged by the midday tide.
Small peach blossoms smile in the Spring Festival Evening, and new swallows fly to rain.
I am too old to lose my health, but I am afraid that Bai Ou will guess when I am free.
For a long time in my life, I was an empty boat, and others pushed me around.
Zhang Shi: "The bright moon bends the loom, the golden grate cuts the daffodil clothes, the oriole crossed the river last night, and the loom flies silently." Wang Mingsheng's poem said: "Embroidered ducks fly home, the water in the sunset ditch gurgles, the smoke sings, and you swim in the eighteen bays of Huanggu."
Because it is said that the Weaver Girl is the "heavenly grandson" of the Jade Emperor, the Jade Emperor Hall is built in the north of the Weaver Girl Hall, and the incense is more vigorous, burning incense, playing incense and making wishes all the year round. There are four tables in the temple, and there are twenty or thirty Taoist priests living there (there are three acres of Taoist graves, and a round copper "epitaph" was dug after liberation).
Every time in Chinese Valentine's Day, people always come from the water and park in Huanggu Bay, next to the temple (that is, "Looking at Mother for Ten Years in a row" presents dozens of pieces, and the "poisonous eyes" are narrowed into thin seams and never let go. No wonder the paunchy Pengcheng county magistrate Chi Dazhong also sat on the stage. Once a good thing falls into his eyes, ten times is equal to the steamed stuffed bun hitting the dog. If you don't want money, you should burn high incense even if you are not put on death row. Eight bays "); Some people come by land, and some people with rich families come by sedan chair, rickshaw and chartered car. Shen Gang Road was Guantang Avenue at that time. From the south gate of Taicang to the southern suburbs, people come to Jiading via Dongxinqiao, Huanggutang Shiqiao, Xuejiajing, Xinfeng, Nanguang Temple, Long Ge and Waigang. Not only local families, but also many pilgrims in Taicang Township, Kunshan and Jiading. There is a ginkgo tree in Liumu Temple. Under the tree, there are those who are dizzy from heat, those who sell fists, those who play monkeys and those who watch peep shows. Some people sell snacks such as dining table, wonton, soda water, apple pie and fried stinky tofu, as well as clothes and toys. Burning incense, shopping and watching the fun are probably 1000.
In Chinese Valentine's Day, people generally call it aromatherapy, and a grand sacrificial ceremony was held at the temple fair, which was opened by a famous drummer team. Then, most people will buy incense sticks and worship and pray in front of the gods. "Wuzhong Moon Hee" says: "There are many spiritual traces between prayers." What are you praying for? Some people usually come to pray for blessings, some are sick and ask for the elixir of water, and some are seeking good or bad luck. During the prosperous period of shipping and water transportation in Yuan and Ming Dynasties, many people came here to pray for the safety of the sea, and there were also people who died in nearby families, so they must come to offer their condolences. Burn incense to give money and food, so as not to suffer in the underworld. The local people have great respect for the Weaver Girl and regard her as a "female land". The special content of Qixi prayer is that many boys and girls openly pray for ingenuity, but in
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