Literary genre:
1; Jian 'an literature
The literature in Jian 'an period at the end of Han Dynasty is the starting point of Wei-Jin literature. Jian 'an period occupies a considerable position in the history of China literature, creating a poetic modern man. Zhong Rong, a literary critic at that time, and Poetry: "The poet's style has been lost. In Tokyo for two hundred years, only Ban Gu's Ode to History has no quality. Down to Jian 'an, Cao Gong and his son are so gentle: Pingyuan brother, Wei Yuwen Dong; Serina Liu and RoyceWong are its wings. The second time is to climb the dragon and attach the phoenix. I am the owner of the car and everything is fine. Binbin's prosperity is fully prepared for time. "
Liu Xie's Wen Xin. Time series: "Wei Wu regards the king as the respect, elegant and good poetry: Wendy regards the deputy king as the priority, and Miao Shan's ci and fu;" Chen Si wrote a beautiful book with his son's pride. And the appearance is heroic, so it is steaming. " This is an unprecedented literary event. Among a group of writers represented by Ye, there are three writers represented by Cao, including Kong Rong, Wang Shen, Serina Liu, Xu Gan, Chen Lin and the seven sons of Jian 'an. Their poetry creation was once brilliant. But the results are not as good as "Three Caos". At the same time, there are, Rockett, Wu Zhi, Fan Qin, Miao Gong, Ying Kun and so on. At that time, people called this style of writing "Jian 'an Style". Generosity and sadness are the main tone of Jian 'an Literature School. Because Jian 'an writers also generally adopt the form of "five words", which has laid a solid position in the literary world and influenced the style of prose.
2; Taikang poet
Many poets emerged around Jin Taikang, mainly including Fu Xuan, Zhang Hua, Lu Ji, Zhang Xie and Zuo Si. There are so-called "three pieces", "two pieces of land", "two plates" and "one left" in the poetry circle. Among them, Fu Xuan is the oldest poet in Taikang, with more than 100 existing poems, most of which are Yuefu poems. The Taikang period was a prosperous period of the literary world in the Western Jin Dynasty, which produced a number of poems with neat rhythm and gorgeous rhetoric, which promoted the evolution of poetry from "ancient style" to "modern poetry".
3; School of Han Meng's Poetry
Han Meng Poetry School is a "poetry school" represented by poets Han Yu and Meng Jiao in the middle Tang Dynasty. They are close friends. Han Yu is the main figure of "Han Meng's Poetry School". He has both "extraordinary rise and peril" and "taking prose as poetry", and he has practiced Du Fu's proposition that "words are not surprising and never stop". Meng Jiao is also a major figure in the school of poetry. His poems have both a strange and eccentric side and a simple and natural side (and he is also one of the "prisoners of poetry", a "thin suburban island"). Han Meng's poetry school has a great influence on later generations. Li He, a great poet in the late Tang Dynasty, inherited their quirks and formed his own characteristics. In the Song Dynasty, Wang Anshi, Su Shi and others inherited and developed the feature of "taking prose as poetry", and the "prose culture" of poetry in the Song Dynasty was a major feature of the Song Dynasty.
4; frontier fortress poem factions
Frontier Poetry School is one of the schools of poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Its representative figures are Gao Shi, Cen Can and Wang Changling. Because the Tang Dynasty was a powerful empire, it had extensive contacts with Eurasian countries and domestic ethnic groups, and there were also some ethnic conflicts, and border wars often occurred. As a result, the frontier war in the prosperous Tang Dynasty became the theme of many poets (literary and art workers). Among the frontier poets, Gao Shi and Cen Can, also known as the Gao Cen School of Poetry, made the greatest achievements.
5; idyll
This school is also one of the schools of poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. According to the theme, poets who are good at expressing' rural life' are called' pastoral poets'. The representatives are Wang Wei and Meng Haoran, so they are also called "Wang Mengshi School". In addition, there are Chu Guangxi, Chang Jian, Zuyong, Pei Di and others.
6; Huajian poetry school
Huajian Ci School is a school of Western Shu Ci in the Five Dynasties. Wen is the founder of the school of respecting poetry in the late Tang Dynasty. The main members are Wei Zhuang, Mao Wenxi, Niu Xiji, Ouyang Jiong, Gu Qiong, Lu, Yan Xuan, Yin E, Ning He, Sun Guangxian and others. The poems of the above-mentioned people were compiled into a collection by Zhao Chengzuo of Houshu, named Huajian Collection. And became famous for it.
7; Southern Tang ci school
It is a five-pronoun school. Xiang Jun in Southern Tang Dynasty is the main one. Main figures: China leader Li Jing and the late leader Li Yuhe Feng Yansi Sr. The most prominent word in the late period of the late master was "A River Flowing East", which became a swan song throughout the ages.
8; Quincy school
Quincy School is a literary school in the early Northern Song Dynasty. Yang Yi, Qian and Qian are fourteen people. It is the "noble literati group" that "praises" because the content of chanting is nothing more than "whitewashing peace." And occupy the literary world for thirty or forty years. Seriously hindered the development of literature in the Northern Song Dynasty!
9; Bold ci school
Boldness and gracefulness are two schools of ancient poets in China. The uninhibited school was founded by Su Shi, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty. Xin Qiji pushed the artistic creation of the wild school to the peak in the Southern Song Dynasty. Xin Qiji was also called "Xin School" because of his outstanding achievements, including Xin Qiji and Liu Guo, and later Liu Kezhuang and others.
10; Jiangxi poetry school
This is a literary school in the Song Dynasty. At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, Lu Benzhong, headed by Huang Tingjian, wrote the Sect Map of Jiangxi Poetry Society. Chen Shidao, Pan Dalin, Xie Yi, Hong Chu, Rao Jie, monk Zuke, Xu Fu, Peng Hong, Lin Minxiu, Hongyan, Wang Ge, Lin Mingong, Pan Daguan, He Qu, Wang Zhifang, monk mountain spring, Gao He, thinking and thinking. Advocating: "thin and hard" style, emphasizing "practice" in poetry, advocating "thoroughly remoulding oneself, turning stone into gold", and loving to collect allusions of "cold monarch" such as novels, Buddhist scriptures, quotations, calligraphy and painting, thinking that Du Lao is called "ingenious" but "boring book"; The result is "getting its fur, but losing its essence;" Finally, we can truly inherit the realistic spirit since Du Fu and Bai Juyi. It is worth mentioning that once upon a time, the main authors of Jiangxi poetry school and Chen were not listed as sects. Later, Yang Wanli listed Hong Zeng and Zeng Si as Jiangxi successors.
12; Metric school
Jiang Kui is the representative. Jiang inherited the ci style of Zhou Bangyan, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, and paid special attention to the theory of "temperament" and "style". He has a high musical talent, so he can create new music scores. You can also change the old tune. He is good at cutting words and refining sentences, and his words are round and elegant. In addition, I also like to chant things with allusions. The main members of the metrical school: Shi Dazu, Gao, Wang, Chen and others.
13; Tang and Song School
A school in the ancient prose movement in the Ming Dynasty was called "Tang and Song School". Take Wang, Mao Kun and Gui Youguang as examples. They are dissatisfied with "archaizing" and advocate that their compositions should learn the statutes of "Tang and Song essays", so they are called "Tang and Song School".
14; Jianghu school
Works without political status are collected by booksellers and by desperate down-and-out literati. Chen Qi, a bookseller in the Southern Song Dynasty, published Jianghu Collection, Jianghu Stamp Collection and Jianghu Sequel, which included the works of Dai Fugu and Liu Guo.
Among them, people are mixed and roughly divided into two categories; First, they don't care about "politics", they just want to be experts in literature and art to win the appreciation of the world. For example, Jiang Kui is a good example of such people. The other kind understands society and cares about current politics, but it is of little use to say it. This is just a "crazy" conversation. Many of them want to cut corners, praise officials with poems, seek personal gain with officials, follow the trend and fall into disrepute. Scholars have reached this point, which can be said to be poetry straight into prostitution.
15; Chaling school of poetry
It is a school of poetry in the early Ming Dynasty. After Ming Yingzong, the land was highly concentrated, social contradictions intensified, unrest continued, and border troubles occurred frequently, which seriously threatened the rule of the Ming Dynasty. In the literary world, Sheng Xing is graceful and elegant, dotted with the "Tiger Style" of Shengping. But it aroused people's dissatisfaction day by day, and finally formed a strong opposition movement. Chaling Poetry School is the gradual product of this movement transformation process. Li Dongyang (Chaling, Hunan), a senior official and a college student at Wenyuange, is a representative figure.
15; Public security school
It is a literary school in the late Ming Dynasty. Representative figures are Yuan Zongdao, Yuan Hongdao and Yuan Zhongdao. Named after Sanyuan is a police officer in Hubei. Literary achievements carry forward the banner of "anti-antiquity" and "anti-Taoism", and hate current political corruption and social darkness. The style of poetry is approachable, and he enters poetry with literary language. "I'd rather be present than a layman and refuse to pick up a word." Sanyuan didn't want to go with the flow. Because of the weakness of intellectuals, he retired to the second place, enjoying the garden and forgetting the scenery. Their main creation is "prose", which also opens up the field of "prose"; He made a certain contribution to the development of prose. The Police Party had a profound influence on Zheng Banqiao's prose, Yuan Mei's poetry and theory in Qing Dynasty.
16; Jingling school
Jingling School is a literary school in the late Ming Dynasty, represented by Zhong Xing Tan. It was named after Jingling (now Tianmen, Hubei). Their literary thoughts have a lot in common with the public security school, opposing the retro school and advocating "spiritual nature" as the main expression point. Compared with the public security school, they think that as long as they admit "the feeling of loneliness" and "go their own way and send it quietly", they are "words with real spiritual essence" This is much narrower than the "public security faction". Cold and pale, but the content is empty, which only reflects the writer's "indifference to reality." They use strange words and rhyme, which damages the natural beauty of language.
17; Jishe, Fushe
They are all cultural and social organizations in the late Ming Dynasty. Its main members are:, Xia,,, and others. In the past, the last seven sons were heads of families. After the Ming Dynasty, Chen Zilong devoted himself to the anti-Qing struggle and had strong national feelings.
Zhang Pu and the leader of this society are called "Lou Zhang". At the end of Ming Dynasty, there were many literati and literary societies. Crazy shot, end shot,. . . Wait, 3,000 people. Fu She is a national cultural and social organization. Fu she advocated anti-Qing; Shunzhi nine years (1652) was banned by the Qing government.
18; Yangxian school
One of the schools of Ci in Qing Dynasty. Su Xin is the ancestor, brave and bold, and the form is rough. But the writing is superficial. The pioneer was Chen Weisong. The characteristic is that no matter how long the tune is, it is more heroic and arrogant, and it is as nervous as a thousand things. But; Bold and unrestrained, heavy, lack of power.
19; "writing theory"
After the middle of Qing dynasty, with the rise of parallel prose. A faction in orthodox literature. The representative figure is Ruan Yuan (1764- 1849), a representative figure of the school of "writing". Liu Kai, Jiang Xiangnan, Li Ciming, Liu et al.
20; Most schools of poetry in Qing Dynasty are as follows
1, Changzhou Ci School; Pioneer, Zhang Huiyan. 2. Poetry School of Han, Wei and Six Dynasties; The representative of Wang Kaiyun. 3. Zhexi Ci School; Created by Zhu Yizun, a native of western Zhejiang. 4, the same body; A school of poetry after the late Qing Dynasty and the Revolution of 1911; The representative figures are Chen,,, Shen, etc.
2 1; romance
The main content of the work is "Talented Persons and Beautiful Women". Lin Shu, Wu Yun, Zhou Shouou and other "mandarin ducks and butterflies" have different views on modern history.
22; Nanshe
Literary groups during the Revolution of 1911. Representative figures; Liu Yazi, Chen Qubing, Gao Xu and others. Originated in 1907, 1909 was founded in Suzhou. The name of the club means "fuck Nanyin and never forget its past". 1923 ended due to internal disintegration and differentiation.
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