1. Languages of official legal documents: orders, motions, decisions, opinions, announcements, notices, notices, reports, requests, replies, letters and meeting minutes.
2. Daily business terms: briefings, rules and regulations, speeches, investigation reports, plans and summaries.
Three. Economic application language: contracts, advertisements and brochures, tenders, tenders and market research reports.
4. Applicable documents of law: public security organs' (filing report, case-solving report, prosecution opinion), people's procuratorates' (indictment, decision to approve arrest, protest), people's courts' (criminal first and second instance judgment, civil first and second instance judgment, criminal first and second instance ruling), others' (criminal private prosecution, civil indictment, defense, criminal appeal, civil appeal, petition, etc.
5. Public relations communication genre: introduction (general letter, letter of introduction and proof, active application letter, invitation letter), condolence (condolence letter, commendation letter, thank-you letter), congratulations (greetings, congratulatory letter, congratulatory message), welcome speech (thank-you words) 6. Other commonly used genres: news (news, words of thanks)
Practical writing is a kind of articles that are used by state organs, enterprises and institutions, social organizations and the people in their work, study and life, which directly serve real life and have practical value and customary format.
This style is a tool for people to exchange ideas, experiences, information, public relations and specific affairs.
2. In practical writing, which languages are strict and which languages are relatively free, official documents usually have strict formats. Other applied styles are relatively loose, such as laws and regulations, litigation and management articles, scientific and technological articles, newsletters, biographies, local chronicles, resumes, investigation reports, internship reports, thought reports, work summaries, job-seeking speeches, contract samples, applications, etc. Often used in daily life or work.
There are 13 kinds of existing administrative documents, namely: (1) order: applicable to the publication of administrative regulations and rules according to relevant laws; Announcing the implementation of major administrative compulsory measures; Reward relevant units and personnel. (2) Decisions: applicable to making arrangements for important matters or major actions, rewarding and punishing relevant units and personnel, and changing or revoking inappropriate decisions made by lower-level organs. (3) Announcement: applicable to announcements of important or statutory matters at home and abroad. (4) Notice: It is applicable to the announcement of matters that should be observed or known by all relevant sectors of society. (5) Notice: It applies to the examination and approval and forwarding of official documents of subordinate organs, the forwarding of official documents of superior organs and those not subordinate to superior organs, the communication of matters that need to be handled by subordinate organs and matters that need to be known or implemented by relevant units, and the appointment and removal of personnel. (6) Notification: It is suitable for commending the advanced, criticizing mistakes and conveying important spirit or situation. (7) Motion: It applies to matters submitted by people at all levels to the people's congress at the corresponding level or its standing committee for deliberation in accordance with legal procedures. (8) Reporting: it is suitable for reporting work to superiors, reflecting the situation and answering inquiries from superiors. (9) Asking for instructions: It is applicable to asking for instructions and approval from higher authorities. (10) reply: it is applicable to the reply to the matters requested by the lower authorities. (11) Opinions: It is applicable to put forward opinions and solutions on important issues. (12) Letter: It is applicable to consultations, inquiries and answers to questions, requests for approval and answers to examination and approval matters between non-subordinate organs. (13) Meeting Minutes: suitable for recording and conveying meetings and agreed matters.
3. The understanding of "practical writing" is about 500 words, please provide some materials ~ practical writing: 2. (1) The writing of an application is a special letter used by an individual or unit to put forward certain requirements or apply for solving a certain problem to relevant departments, organizations and groups. It includes four parts: title, sending unit, text and signature. The reason for adding the title. Example "XXX application" (note: this application is not a legal document). (2) The writing of letters of introduction is an applied style for introducing contacts and contact matters. It has the dual functions of introduction and proof. There are two main forms of letters of introduction, namely, ordinary letters of introduction and special letters of introduction. Contents include: title, text, ending, signature and date. And write down the effective date. (3) the writing method of asking for instructions. Instructions are generally composed of four parts: title, main sending organ, text and signature. 1, title. The title of request for instructions generally consists of three parts: issuing unit, reason and language. Who is the issuing authority asking for instructions? The reason is "asking for instructions" and the language is "asking for instructions". For example, only by reason and language, the signature should indicate the issuing authority. 2. The main sending organ, that is, the receiving organ, uses the full name or standardized abbreviation (the same below), such as "Ship Camp Education Bureau" and "District Education Bureau". In general, written work requests should be sent to relevant departments or organizations, which will submit them to relevant leaders. It is not appropriate to give it to a leading individual. Except in special circumstances. 3. Text. Generally speaking, there are three essentials to master when writing a request text. First, the text should come straight to the point, state the situation concisely, explain the reasons and basis of the request, and clearly write out why the request is made, thus attracting the attention of the examination and approval authorities. Second, put forward opinions and requests, which is the purpose of the request. Opinions and requirements should be written clearly and specifically. It is convenient for the leading organs to seriously consider and deliberate. Third, according to the purpose of asking for instructions, write the words "if not, please indicate", "if not, please indicate" and "please review" at the end. 4. Sign the name of the issuing authority, indicate the issuing time, and affix the official seal. The name of the issuing authority shall use the full name or standardized abbreviation. If the name of the issuing authority is written on the title, the signature may be omitted at the signing place. Here is the practical writing. If you can find the website of practical writing everywhere, please tell me. It is difficult to find practical writing. I really need practical writing now. If anyone can find practical writing, please tell me the website of practical writing. Thank you for telling me the website of practical writing. It is not easy to find practical writing. There are practical words here. I still can't find the practical writing. If you can find the website of practical writing everywhere, please tell me. Practical writing is hard to find. I really need practical writing now. If anyone can find practical writing, please tell me the website of practical writing. Thank you for telling me the practical writing. It is not easy to find practical writing.
4. Practical writing format: 1, title: top case, and some can also add certain qualifiers and modifiers, such as dear * * *.
2. Greetings: such as "Hello" and "How are you recently". A separate paragraph, not directly connected to the following.
Otherwise, it violates the requirement of single meaning and becomes a polysemous paragraph. 3. Text.
This is the main body of the letter, which can be written into several paragraphs. 4. hello.
Take the most common "greetings" and "salutes" as examples. "Zhi Zhi" can be written in two correct positions: first, immediately after the text, without starting another paragraph and punctuation; The second is to write two spaces under the text.
"Salute" is written on the next line of "From here". An exclamation point should be added after it to show the sincerity and strength of congratulations.
The title and capitalization in the second half of the greeting are a kind of respect for the recipient. It is a continuation of the tradition of "looking up" in ancient letters.
Ancient letters were written vertically, including the name or address of the other party. In order to show respect, no matter where you write it, you should mention the other person's name or address to the next line. Its basic practice has been absorbed by modern letters.
5. Signature and date. The writer's name is written on the right one or two lines below the greeting.
It is best to write down the relationship with the recipient before the name of the writer, such as son, father, your friend, etc. Write the date on the next line.
Four elements of extended material: 1, theme. Every practical article should revolve around a theme. The more specific the topic, the easier it is to write practical articles. 2. For whom to write personal letters to family, friends and lovers; Business letters are written for business partners; Advertisements are written for the general public; Posters are written for a certain group of people.
Knowing who to write to, you can make the content of practical writing moderate and appropriate, and make your own information fully conveyed to the other party. 3. Why do you want to write this practical article? Do you want to provide your information to the other party or ask the other party to provide you with information? Is it a business negotiation or a love relationship? Although practical writing determines the theme, it sometimes fails to achieve its purpose. Why? If the purpose is not clear, the content will be inaccurate and confusing.
4. Different types of practical writing have different formats and structures. Letters have the format and structure of letters, and advertisements have the format and structure of advertisements.
You can't write well if you don't know the format and structure of all kinds of practical writing. Baidu encyclopedia-practical writing.
5. Applied Writing Homework The total score of the course "Applied Writing" consists of two parts: the usual homework score and the final course content test score. The former accounts for 20% of the total score, and the latter accounts for 80% of the total score. This is also in line with the basic requirements of the pilot implementation of the teaching plan in open education.
For the first time, students are required to choose two languages in the request, notice, report and letter of official documents and write two normative legal documents.
The second time, students are required to plan the official document language of the transaction document component. To sum up, investigate reports and contracts, choose any language, and write standardized trading documents.
For the third time, students are required to write a small academic paper of about 3000 words after learning the academic paper. The writing style should be standardized and conform to the writing format and requirements of the academic paper.
For the fourth time, students are required to write an advertisement of about 500 words after understanding the content of the advertisement. The format should conform to the writing norms of advertisements.
Homework is graded on a 5-point scale, that is, each assignment has a full score of 5 points and four assignments have a full score of 20 points. The usual homework scores can be included in the final grade, and can also be used as the basis for obtaining the qualification for the final exam.
In every writing exercise, pre-writing guidance, like post-writing comments and grading, should be an indispensable teaching link.
In addition to the above languages, you can also arrange writing exercises in other languages according to the actual situation of students.
6. The writing format of practical writing. The writing format of the "notice" The function of the notice: the notice is applicable to the approval of official documents of lower-level organs and the forwarding of official documents of higher-level organs and non-lower-level organs.
Convey matters that are required to be handled by subordinates and matters that need to be known or implemented by relevant units, and appoint and remove personnel. This paper mainly introduces two types of prompt notice and informative notice.
How to write the notice: (1) Title: Issuing authority+cause+language, such as "Notice of * * Province on Further Improving the Production and Marketing of Urban Vegetables"; Cause+language, such as: notice on holding a conference on archives work in colleges and universities in the whole province. (2) Text: The text generally consists of three parts.
The first part is an overview of the Notice. According to the needs of the specific notice, it is necessary to explain clearly the background, reasons, policies and documents on which it is based, that is, why the notice should be sent. Then, the second part is led out by the transitional language of "the relevant matters are hereby notified as follows"; The second part is to clarify the matters to be notified, including specific requirements and arrangements.
This part can be written in the form of clauses, so that it is clear. If you need to make a request, the content of the request should reach the corresponding height according to the unit that made the request.
The third part is to inform the receiving unit of the requirements and hopes. This part usually takes the form of "hereby notified that it will be implemented seriously", or it can be concluded directly with "hereby notified".
(3) If there are any file or chart attachments, the file names shall be indicated in the order of attachments every other line after the text. (4) Signature: Write the name of the organization that issued the notice in the lower right corner after the text. If the name of the organization that issued the notice has been indicated in the title, it can be omitted here.
(5) Date: that is, write down the year, month and day when this notice was issued at the bottom of the signature. The writing format of "asking for instructions" is the function of asking for instructions and approval from higher authorities. The main purpose of writing is to ask the higher authorities for clear and timely instructions and approval on relevant matters and problems, so as to facilitate handling, solving and carrying out work.
The writing method of the request: (1) Title: Issuing authority+cause+language, such as "Request for instructions from the Ministry of * * on applying for funds"; Reason+language, such as "Request for Instructions on Cleaning up and Rectifying Social Organizations" (II) Text: Part I, stating the reason, background, basis and reasons of the request. This is the focus of writing. Whether the problems and matters asked for instructions can be approved by superiors depends largely on whether the reasons for asking for instructions are sufficient and convincing.
Therefore, this part of the writing should try to highlight the importance and necessity of asking for instructions and questions. The second part, specifically explain the content of the request, that is, the requested items and problems.
The writing of this part must be specific, clear and clear at a glance. The final conclusions are "If the above requirements are negative, please give instructions" and "If not, please reply".
Generally speaking, the requirement for reading is "please give instructions" and the requirement for accuracy is "please reply" or "please approve". According to the needs, the order of the first and second parts can also be changed, that is, write down the matters for instructions first, and then explain the reasons and basis for instructions.
(3) If there are any file or chart attachments, the file names shall be indicated in the order of attachments every other line after the text. (4) Inscription: Write the organization name of the requesting unit in the lower right corner after the text. If the organization name has been marked in the title, it can be omitted here.
(5) Date: that is, write down the year, month and day when this notice was issued. (6) The format of the request is different from other words. After the signature and date, the contact person and contact information of the requesting unit should be indicated in brackets.
Third, the writing format of the report function: it is suitable for reporting work to superiors, reflecting the situation and answering inquiries from superiors. The report types mainly include comprehensive work report, situation report and reply report.
The work report is mainly used to report the progress of the work; The situation report is used to introduce experience and ask questions; The reply report is used to answer the inquiry of the superior or submit (report) some matters. The writing method of the report: (1) Comprehensive work report: Its structure mainly includes the general situation of the work, major achievements, experience or major progress, experience, existing problems and the direction of future efforts.
The first way to write this kind of report is to write it separately. Write down all aspects to be reported item by item, each item is divided into a paragraph, and you can add serial numbers or subheadings as needed.
The second is comprehensive classified writing. That is, after all the contents are integrated, write an overview, achievements and experiences, lessons and suggestions.
The writing of the comprehensive report should be detailed and appropriate, the achievements, experiences and lessons should be thoroughly written, and the rest should be omitted; In order to combine points with areas and prioritize, we should not only write the overall situation, but also explain the key points in detail, leaving an overall impression and grasping the key points at the same time. (2) Situation report: The text structure of this kind of report includes three aspects: situation, problem and plan.
Write a story first, cause, result, nature, etc. Secondly, write out the exposed problems, management defects, work omissions and so on. Finally, write out the specific treatment opinions and brief suggestions. (3) Answering reports: The contents of such reports should be targeted, truthfully report the questions, and do not answer irrelevant questions.
Generally, the literature should be quoted at the beginning, and then the relevant content should be reported as required. The conclusion is generally that "this report is specially designed". Fourth, the writing format of "Speech Draft" 1. The meaning and characteristics of the speech can be divided into broad sense and narrow sense.
A speech in a broad sense is a manuscript that people give speeches on specific occasions; Speech in a narrow sense, generally called leadership speech, is a manuscript with propaganda, instructions and concluding speeches published by leaders at all levels at various meetings. As one of the important styles of applied writing research, the speech has the following characteristics: (1) The content of the speech is determined by the theme of the meeting and the identity of the speaker.
Therefore, before writing a speech, we must understand the theme, nature, topic, occasion and background of the speech, the instructions and requirements of the leaders, the identity, background, psychological needs and acceptance habits of the audience. (2) The length of normative speeches is limited by time. Therefore, there should be specific requirements for the length of the speech, and we can't ignore the specific situation.
Generally speaking, the length of speeches at commendation, briefing and celebration meetings should not be too long, so as not to usurp the host's role. (3) appropriateness of language In order to facilitate the expression of the speaker and the understanding and acceptance of the audience, the language of the speech should be accurate, concise and fluent.