Citizenization of agricultural transfer population is the primary task of new urbanization.
The Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Establishing and Perfecting the System, Mechanism and Policy System of Urban-Rural Integration Development, published recently, clearly put forward that the reform of household registration system should be deepened in an orderly and effective manner, and the restrictions on the settlement of cities except a few megacities should be relaxed.
Chen Yajun said that the urbanization of agricultural transfer population is the primary and core task of new urbanization. By the end of 20 18, there were 226 million rural migrants in China who had become permanent residents in cities but had not settled in cities, 65% of whom were located in cities above prefecture level, mostly big cities. "To solve the settlement problem, we need the joint efforts of large, medium and small cities and small towns to promote the liberalization of settlement restrictions in large, medium and small cities." He said.
"Cities need talents, but they need different levels of population, and they must not settle down selectively." Chen Yajun said that the key people who settled in cities are agricultural migrants who have been employed, working and living in cities for a long time, especially the family members who have migrated, and the new generation of migrant workers and rural students who have entered cities and towns for further study and joined the army, instead of unilaterally grabbing talents.
He stressed that the position that houses are used for living, not for speculation, must be adhered to and cannot be shaken. We must always adhere to the bottom line of the steady and healthy development of real estate. Cities should not only meet the demand for rigid and improved housing, but also resolutely avoid speculators taking the opportunity to "exploit loopholes". It is necessary to implement a long-term control mechanism of one city, one policy, one policy for the city, and the main responsibility of the city government to prevent housing prices from fluctuating.
Chen Yajun said that liberalizing the restrictions on urban settlement does not mean giving up the population policy because of cities. Megacities and megacities should adjust their population by optimizing the settlement policy of points. They should not only retain the population who are willing to come to the city to develop and contribute to the city, but also base themselves on the functional orientation of the city to prevent disorderly spread. Individual megacities and megacities should strictly grasp the control line of total population, rationally relieve the non-core functions of the central city, guide the rational flow and distribution of population, and prevent "big city diseases."
Really let farmers get the reform dividend.
Some measures of rural land system reform are put forward. Liu Chunyu, director of the Planning Department of the National Development and Reform Commission, said that the core of establishing a collective operating construction land market system is to consolidate the foundation of land property rights and establish a unified urban and rural construction land market.
"At present, this reform is still being piloted in some areas. The path and time nodes that will be widely pushed across the country in the future will be arranged according to the revision of the land management law and the unified deployment of the country, and will be fully pushed out on the basis of legal revision. " He said that in the process of reform, it is necessary to strictly abide by the nature of land ownership, the red line of cultivated land, and the interests of farmers, focus on maintaining the red line of ecological protection and the root of rural culture, and effectively guard against various political, economic, social and other potential risks; It is necessary to take safeguarding the basic rights and interests of farmers as the bottom line and truly let farmers get the reform dividend; It is necessary to ensure that the land to be entered into the market conforms to the spatial planning, use control and legal acquisition, and shall not break through the existing planning, change the land use at will, or engage in illegal land use.
Liu Chunyu said, to reform and improve the rural contracted land system, it is mainly to give farmers "reassurance", implement the policy of extending contracted land for another 30 years after the second round expires, equally protect and further liberalize the contracted land management right, and provide more reliable institutional guarantee for the development of modern agriculture. In this process, we should pay attention to the fact that the agricultural use of contracted land cannot be changed, fully protect the interests of farmers, adhere to local conditions, and do not engage in "one size fits all" land scale management.
"We should be prudent in reforming the rural homestead system. We should pay attention to the fact that urban people can't buy homesteads in rural areas, and the principle of strictly implementing land use control according to the plan can't be broken. It is strictly forbidden to use rural homesteads to build villa courtyards and private clubs in rural areas. " Liu Chunyu said.
Activating the vast rural areas with industrial and commercial capital
The opinion puts forward that a mechanism for promoting industrial and commercial capital to enter the countryside should be established. Nan Zhou, deputy director of the Planning Department of the National Development and Reform Commission, said that developing industrial and commercial capital in rural areas is an important measure for industry to feed back agriculture and cities to support rural areas, and it is also an important content of urban-rural integration. Industrial and commercial capital brings not only money to the countryside, but also advanced ideas, advanced technology, advanced management mode and talents. It can be said that "an area has been activated, an industry has grown, and a farmer has been driven".
Nan Zhou emphasized that on the one hand, it is necessary to optimize the business environment of rural grassroots, strengthen policy support, stabilize policy expectations, do a good job in guidance and service, and protect the enthusiasm of industrial and commercial capital to go to the countryside; On the other hand, it is necessary to set up necessary firewalls to prevent the rich from losing their fellow villagers, to keep the red line of cultivated land and the ecological red line, and to keep the bottom line that farmers' rights and interests are not harmed.
She pointed out that it is necessary to deepen the reform of "simplifying administration and decentralization, strengthening supervision and improving services", improve policies such as subsidies for supporting facilities construction, encourage industrial and commercial capital to invest in agricultural fields suitable for industrialized operation, and support access to rural life service industries. At the same time, under the guidance of the government, we should explore a win-win cooperation model between industrial and commercial capital and village collectives, develop and expand the village-level collective economy, and let farmers share the value-added benefits of the whole industrial chain reasonably through employment-driven, guaranteed dividends and joint-stock cooperation.