About the details of Li Longji, we will introduce you from the following aspects:
First, Li Longji's poems
Good times, Pinghu, three banquets on the Dragon Boat Festival, fifteen nights in the palace, early consumption of Pujin Pass, public temple, farewell to Governor Kang Zhaoyuan of Zhongzhou, etc. Farewell to Zhang Shuo on the border, watch tug-of-war folk drama, praise _ _ _, and celebrate spring. Only this hot spring is called the sick man. Why don't you enjoy it alone and think about the bad omen? In the Xiaoyao Building of Dempu House, the left prime minister said that the right prime minister, Prince Shaofu, gave an official banquet that day, and the poem said that Master Zhao should not build a fine courtyard and cross the mountain pond with the princess.
Second, the evaluation
In the early days of the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, great efforts were made to govern, the social economy continued to develop, and the feudal society was unprecedentedly prosperous. However, in the later period of his reign, he indulged in debauchery, extravagance, reuse of treacherous court officials and political corruption, which eventually led to the decline of the Tang Dynasty. Therefore, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty is a historical figure who has made merits and demerits:
(1) In the early days of Tang Xuanzong's rule, he paid attention to the selection of local officials, personally assessed county magistrate, and repelled incompetent people. Yao Chong and Song _, talented, responsible and daring to remonstrate, were appointed as prime ministers, with social stability, production development and economic prosperity. The Tang Dynasty entered its heyday, which was called "Kaiyuan" in history.
(2) Attaching great importance to the jurisdiction of the border areas, making Da Tuorong the "King of the Bohai Sea County", setting up the governors of the Bohai Sea and Heishui, making Piluoge of Nanzhao the king of Yunnan, and Gulipelo of Uighur as "Huairen Khan", thus consolidating the unity of multi-ethnic countries.
(3) Reform the military system and change the officers and men system into the recruitment system.
(4) In the last years of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, Yang Guifei was spoiled, drinking and having fun all day long, ignoring political affairs, and the treacherous Li and Yang were highly corrupt politically, which led to the Anshi rebellion. The Anshi Rebellion, which lasted for eight years, caused great damage to agricultural production, and people were displaced, which made the Tang Dynasty turn from prosperity to decline, and the Tang Dynasty began to decline.
(5) Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty played an important role in the high prosperity of the Tang Dynasty, but his later years also brought great disasters to the people of the Tang Dynasty. He is a historical figure with outstanding achievements.
Third, artistic achievements.
Calligraphy Li Longji Gongshu, especially good at Bafen and Cao Zhang, is one of the famous royal calligraphers in the history of calligraphy in China. The Book of Old Tang Dynasty said that Li Longji was "good at temperament and good at writing eight points". Calligraphy is neat, clear and beautiful. It occupies a certain position in the calligraphy of the Tang Dynasty. Tang Dou _ "Shu Shu Fu" says: "Kaiyuan should be dry, smart, magnificent and magnificent. His thoughts are like a spring, and his pen is swallowing whales. " "Ancient and Modern Law Library" says: "Tang Huang Ming has eight chapters of grass in cm, and it is lush." There are many books handed down from generation to generation, among which Ode to _ _, Inscription of Mount Ji and Shitai Xiaojing are the most famous.
The writing and ending of Ode to _ _ _ are unique. The style of the book is beautiful, the structure is rich, and the pen is thick. On the whole, calligraphy is vigorous and vigorous, with typical Tang style. This book was published between the "two kings" and gradually became fat, imitating traditional family studies. Learn from past generations. Fang of the Ming Dynasty commented on this post: "The structure is exquisite and the brushwork is vertical and horizontal". Zhan Ming Jingfeng's "East Map Xuan Bian Lan" says: "The word diameter is so large, majestic and magnificent, and it is covered by the decree of the French emperor." Liang Qing _ "Collection of Cheng Jinzhai" says: "If you are frustrated, you will get the interest of Chu and open the door to rice." Wu Qizhen's Calligraphy and Painting Book in the Qing Dynasty also said, "Calligraphy is beautiful and rich in structure, and there is no Shan Ye spirit." Yang Shoujing's Xue Ji in Qing Dynasty: "The monument of Ming Di has become a mature school. This post is soft and bony, and can be autobiographed. " This Fu is the only unique book handed down by Xuanzong's calligraphy ink in the Tang Dynasty. It is a rare treasure in the Tang Dynasty and can be called a treasure in the world.
The calligraphy of this post is patchy and colorful, giving people a sense of honesty. The pen is accurate, light and heavy, solid and heavy, full of atmosphere and vigorous and stretching. Huang Yue said, "The book of Xuanzong is full of stains and spots, and it still has the style of grandfather." Comparing this post with Tang Taizong's Wenquan Ming and Jinci Ming, we can really see the same origin, but Tang Taizong's style is still different. Wang Wenzhi's Postscript in Qing Dynasty: "The book of emperors, with a phoenix in Yi Long between the lines, is beyond the reach of humanists. Seeing this ode still makes people feel that Kaiyuan is brilliant and outstanding. "
Music Li Longji is rich in musical talent, which has a great influence on the development of music in the Tang Dynasty. He likes to play pipa and knot drums himself, and is good at composing music. He composed more than 100 pieces of music, such as Colorful Feathers, Little Broken Array, Good Spring, Autumn Wind High and so on. After he ascended the throne, he set up a teaching workshop in the palace, and the "pear garden" was a place where actors were specially trained. Tang is very talented in music, and his sense of music is very sensitive. He often sits in town by himself. The disciple of Liyuan Ensemble made a little mistake, and he could immediately detect and correct it. This is the origin of later calling this troupe "Liyuan".
He also composed 92 key songs, such as Seju Teng, Begging for Dance and Yao Da Huang, and several key solos.
Li Longji also likes dancing very much. According to legend, the tune of the famous "Coat Dance" was adapted from the Sanskrit introduced by Yang Congyin, the messenger of the River Festival. It is also said that the Moon Palace Fairy held a dream and created it with him. No matter how legendary, The Coat Dance is really a rare masterpiece. Li Longji can play many kinds of musical instruments: pipa, erhu, flute and drum set.
Fourth, life
Li Longji (September 8, 685-May 3, 762), also known as Ming Di, was the third son of Li Dan in Tang Ruizong, and his reign was 7 12-756. In 762, Li Longji died of illness. 7 10 In June, Li Longji and Princess Taiping jointly launched the "Tang Long Political Rebellion" and killed Wei Hou. In 7 12 AD, Li Dan Zen was located in Li Longji. After the death of Princess Taiping, Li Longji gained the supreme sovereignty of the country. At the beginning of his reign, he paid attention to bringing order out of chaos, appointed Yao Chong, Song _ and other sages, and made great efforts to govern the country. His kaiyuan heyday was the heyday of the Tang dynasty; In the later period of his reign, he cherished Yang Guifei, neglected political affairs, favored treacherous officials such as Li and Yang, made policy mistakes, and reused officials such as the Anshi Rebellion, which led to the eight-year Anshi Rebellion and laid the foundation for the decline of the Tang Dynasty.
Li Longji was born in Luoyang, the eastern capital, on August 5th (September 8th, 685) in the first year of Xuanzong. He is wise, decisive, versatile, knowledgeable, good at calligraphy and handsome. Xuanzong acceded to the throne and changed to 7 12, with a congenital year number. Later, it was changed to Kaiyuan, another day, and abdicated in 756. He reigned for 45 years, and on April 5, the second year of Shangyuan, Jiayin Day (May 3, 762), Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty collapsed and died in the Shenlong Hall in Chang 'an, the capital of Beijing, at the age of 78. His ministers went to see the Great Sage. When Li Longji was born, it was the time when Wu Zetian was in power, so he experienced complicated court changes when he was a child, which may have prompted him to form a determined character. When he was a child, he was very ambitious. He called himself "Aunt" in the palace. Although not valued by the ruling Wu, his words and deeds are still very opinionated. When he was seven years old, the court held a sacrificial ceremony. At that time, General Wu loudly reprimanded the attendants and guards. Li Longji immediately glared and shouted, "This is the court of the Li family. What is it to you? " ! How dare you scold my knight guard like this! "Wu Zetian know, very surprised. Not only is she not strange, but she is also "spoiled". Xuanzong Biography). After the death of Li Xian's mother (Wu Zetian), Zhongzong was weak, and the power of state affairs slowly fell into the hands of Wei Ruyun and Princess Anle. Zhang Jian, the hero and prime minister who staged a coup to restore the Tang Dynasty, was also expelled by them, and Prince Li Zhongjun was killed. Empress Wei followed the example of Wu Zetian and let her brother Wei Wenju take power. Instead of stopping her daughter Princess Anle from illegally selling official titles, she indulged. In 7 10 AD, Zhongzong finally died in Wei Ruyun's conspiracy with Princess Anle to poison his men. Then, Wei Ruyun wants to learn from her mother-in-law Wu Zetian and be the second queen. Before Wei Ruyun could begin, Li Longji (Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty) and his aunt Princess Taiping launched a mutiny, led more than 10,000 body-guards to capture the palace, and wiped out all the factions in Wei Ruyun, which was called "Tang Long political rebellion" in history. Then, Li Dan was enthroned by Zong Rui, and Li Longji was made a prince for his work. However, his father Li Dan is indecisive and unwilling to have a direct conflict with Princess Taiping, and has been forbearing. Princess Taiping, on the other hand, thinks that she has given him the opportunity to be emperor and made great contributions, so she has mastered the power of state affairs. With the growth of her power, Princess Taiping's ambition has also expanded. She wants to be a queen like her mother. Princess Taiping's main rival is Prince Li Longji. At first, she didn't take him seriously, thinking that he was still young, but after learning about Li Longji's courage and determination, she began to guard against him. She created a public opinion that Li Longji is not the eldest son, and he is not qualified to be a prince, let alone inherit the throne. Princess Taiping's purpose is to abolish Li Longji's status as a prince and pave the way for her to be a female emperor in the future. In 7 12 AD, Zong Rui was afraid that there would be chaos in Li Tang, and he resolutely gave the throne to his son Li Longji. However, he still holds the power of state affairs: the appointment and dismissal of government officials above the third class and the power of military and political decision-making. Zong Rui's abdication aggravated the contradiction between Li Longji and Princess Taiping. Both sides are accumulating strength to get rid of each other.
On July 3rd, 7 13 AD, Li Longji, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, made a decisive move to get the first move, personally led the military forces to get rid of Princess Taiping and dozens of her dignitaries, and deposed all officials who tended to Princess Taiping. Tang Xuanzong finally mastered the power that the emperor should have. At that time, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty changed his name to Kaiyuan, which showed his determination to make great efforts to create great achievements in the Tang Dynasty.