Jiang you, common sense of ancient culture

1. 50 cases of ancient cultural knowledge

The nickname of the moon is the most prominent description object of natural objects mentioned in ancient poems.

Its nicknames can be divided into: (1) Because the first moon is like a hook, it is called a silver hook and a jade hook. (2) Because the string moon is like a bow, it is called jade bow and bow moon.

(3) The full moon is called golden wheel, jade wheel, silver plate, jade plate, golden mirror and jade mirror because it is like a wheel, a plate and a mirror. (4) It is said that there are rabbits and toads on the moon, so they are called silver rabbits, jade rabbits, golden toads, silver toads and the moon.

(5) According to legend, there are laurel trees in the middle of the month, so they are called Gui Yue, Guilun, Guigong and Guiling. (6) According to legend, there are two palaces in the middle of the month, namely Guanghan Palace and Qingxu Palace, so they are called Guanghan Palace and Qingxu Palace.

(7) Because it is said that the moon drives the gods, it is called Wang Shu. It is said that Chang 'e lives in the middle of the month, so the moon is called Chang 'e.

(9) Because people often compare beautiful women to the moon, they call the moon Chanjuan. China is now abbreviated as People's Republic of China (PRC) (PRC).

But it is a polysemous word in ancient literature. From the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period to the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, it is often used to refer to the Central Plains.

For example, Mencius' "Qi Huan Jinwen Poetry": "Go to China and care for the four foreigners." Sima Guang Battle of Red Cliffs: "If we can compete with China with the people of wuyue, it is better to give up early."

"Drive China scholars to travel far and wide." In ancient China, the Huaxia people lived in the Yellow River valley, so they were called "Huaxia", and later they were often used to refer to the Central Plains.

For example, The History of the Three Kingdoms: "Its land is connected to China in the east and the western regions in the west." Today, it has become another name for China.

According to Kyushu legend, China was divided into nine administrative regions in ancient times. These countries are named Ji, Yan, Qing, Xu, Yang, Jing, Yu, Liang and Yong. Later, it became another name for China.

Lu You said in a poem: "Only when you die will you know that everything is empty, but you will see the sadness of Kyushu." "On Qin" "Eight States are in the same column", Qin lives in Yongzhou and adds eight States, that is, Kyushu.

The Central Plains is also called Middle Earth and Zhongzhou. The Central Plains in a narrow sense refers to the present Henan Province, and the Central Plains in a broad sense refers to the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River or the whole Yellow River basin.

For example, the "model": "When the award leads to the three armies, it will be set in the Central Plains in the North." Lu You's poem "Shizi" says: "Julian Waghann set the Central Plains Day in the north, and the family sacrifice did not forget to tell Naiweng."

Refers to the whole Yellow River basin. In ancient times, it was said that China was surrounded by the sea, so it was called inland.

Ren Zhou Shu of Du Shaofu, Wang Bo: "However, as long as China keeps our friendship, as long as heaven is our neighbor." Sima Guang Battle of Red Cliffs: "There was chaos at sea, and the general set out for Jiangdong."

See Within the Four Seas. It refers to the world and the whole country.

For example, Jia Yi's On Qin "has the meaning of sweeping the world, including the whole world." "Battle of Red Cliffs": "Then Jingzhou was broken, and it was a great shock to the world."

"Epang Palace Fu": "Six kings finish, four seas-"Five-person tomb tablet: "How many people are there in the world?" Liuhe Sifang refers to the world in general.

For example, "After Qin Dynasty, I became a Liuhe" and "Then I took Liuhe as my home and dice letter as my palace". Li Bai's "Antique" poem: "Qin Wang sweeps Liuhe, look at it!" Far away places in all directions are still called "the world".

"On Qin": "It contains the meaning of the four seas and swallows the heart of the eight wastes." Liang Qichao's Young China said: "Although there are ages, there are eight great famines."

Many articles on ancient rivers specifically mention the Yangtze River and the Yellow River. For example, "The Hongmen Banquet": "Generals fight against Henan and ministers fight against Hebei."

"On Qin": "Then we will strengthen the city, because the river is a pool." "The Battle of Dishes": "The father of Chu Yang, a minister, chased it and became a river."

Another example is Ode to Sisters, in which "Jiang" refers to the Yangtze River and "He" refers to the canal. Jiangzuo is Jiangdong.

The ancients Zuo Dong right west. "Heroes will be recruited by Jiang Gan": "That is, the order is to call Jiang Zuoying Jie to pick up his children."

The river is south of the Yangtze River. Battle of Red Cliffs: "Jiang is a hero, and salt is attached to it."

Jiangnan is the general name of the area south of the Yangtze River, and the areas referred to vary from time to time. Bai Juyi said: "Jiangnan is good, and the scenery has been cooked."

Wang Anshi's poem says, "Spring breeze is green in Jiang Nanan. When will the bright moon shine on me? " Huaizuo, east of Huaishui.

"Yangzhou Slow" "Huai Zuo Du Ming, Zhu Xi Jia Chu", Yangzhou is in the east of Huai River. Shandong, as its name implies, is to the east of the mountain.

However, it should be noted that because the "mountain" of "Shandong" can refer to several different mountains such as Lushan, Huashan, Taihang Mountain and Taishan Mountain, the areas referred to are not the same. The following is the standard "Shandong" of Lushan Mountain.

For example, Hanshu once mentioned that "Shandong produces a map and Shanxi produces a general". Hongmen Banquet: "When Pei Gong lived in Shandong, he was greedy for money."

"On Qin": "Shandong Haojun rises together and Qin family dies." The ancient Kanto refers to the area east of Hanguguan or Tongguan, and the modern refers to the northeast area east of Shanhaiguan.

Cao Cao's "Hao Li Xing": "There are righteous men in Kanto, fighting for the heroes." Refers to the area east of Tongguan.

Kansai refers to the area west of Hanguguan or Tongguan. Battle of Red Cliffs: "Ma Chao and Han Sui are still in Kansai, which is the future trouble of Cao Cao."

Guanzhong refers to different areas, and the ancients used to call the area west of Hangu Pass Guanzhong. "The Hongmen Banquet": "Pei Gong wants to be the king of Guanzhong and make Zi Ying the phase."

"On Qin": "The heart of the first emperor thought it was fixed in Guanzhong." In ancient times, the western regions were called Xinjiang and its western regions.

Yandang Mountain: "According to western books, Arhat Norodom lived on the back of Furong Peak in Yandang Mountain in the southeast of Sinian." Shuomo refers to the desert in the north, or "Shuowang" for short, refers to the north.

Herb picking: "Mastering ink is peach, plum and Xia Rong." "Mulan Poetry": "The new moon spreads gold, and the cold light shines iron clothes."

The new moon refers to the wind in the north. Lin's Fengxueshan Temple "returning to the north wind" refers to the north wind.

Baiyue is also known as Baiyue and Zhu Yue. In ancient times, Yue people lived in all parts of Guangdong, collectively known as Baiyue.

In ancient Chinese, it often refers to the southern region. On Qin dynasty, "take the land of Baiyue in the south", "collect herbs" and "all say peach, plum and winter fruit".

The floorboard of the five famous mountains in Wuyue, namely Mount Taishan in Dongyue, Huashan in Xiyue, Songshan in Zhongyue, Hengshan in Beiyue and Hengshan in Nanyue. Climbing Mount Tianmu in my dream: "Climbing to the top of the Five Mountains, the shadow runs through China."

The capital of gyeonggi province and its surrounding areas. Zuo anecdote: "Zuo Xiangzu, a public school in Gyeonggi."

In the Western Han Dynasty, Sanfu initially referred to three officials in charge of the Gyeonggi area, and later referred to the areas under the jurisdiction of these three officials. "Zhang Hengchuan": "Hengshan Mountain belongs to the literature and swims in the third auxiliary."

"Remember Zhong Wang's Su Gong Ao:" A man and a woman married the wife of an official in Kyrgyzstan. " After the Sui and Tang Dynasties, it was referred to as "auxiliary" for short.

Sanqin refers to the Guanzhong area west of Tongguan. After Xiang Yu destroyed Qin, he was once.

2. You Jiang content overview

The nine-episode historical and humanistic documentary Jiangyou is a high-definition documentary that comprehensively shows the historical and humanistic features of Jiangxi, and is known as "the treasure of things and outstanding people". Facing a gloomy history, how to interpret Tang Xianzu's heartbroken pain from the concave and convex of the ancient woodcut version of Peony Pavilion in the memorial hall? How to find a crowded rut carrying banned books in a broken bluestone street? How to touch the treasure of ancestors through a small ancestral temple and realize the magnificence of faith? How to haunt the joys and sorrows of ordinary people after walking out of the altar under the mask of Nuo dance?

In the past, few documentaries with historical themes were busy shooting close-ups of humanities, but Jiangyou emphasized recording what is happening now, confirming history with today's observation, search and experience, and touching and understanding history from the perspective of "nobody in the big historical background". Use the change of space to present the trace of time, the cause and effect of the story and the circulation of civilization; Use image thinking to express those seemingly abstract cultural connotations. In Jiangyou, Wen Tianxiang's unintentional death, Ouyang Xiuwen's unfulfilled ambition, the ancient music of Yihuang Opera in the past hundred years, the totem belief in the original Nuo dance, etc. They are all expressed in the way of facing the ancients from the perspective of modern people. Based on the present is the core concept of Jiangyou-re-depicting Jiangxi in the coordinate system of Chinese culture, re-constructing the life atmosphere of Jiangxi's history and culture, re-spreading the cultural galaxy of Jiangxi under the polishing of images and words rich in Jiangnan texture, and making those vague faces gradually clear under the historical wind and smoke.

The documentary Jiangyou is wholly owned by Nanchang Yijingyuan Culture Media Co., Ltd., filmed by Xinying Jiaying (Beijing) Film Culture Development Co., Ltd. and produced by Central News Recording Film Studio (Group). The preparation for shooting began in February, 20 12, and the film crew lasted for nearly two years, traveling all over more than 30 districts and counties in 9 cities in Jiangxi province, such as Nanchang, Jiujiang, Yichun, Fuzhou, Ji 'an, Ganzhou, Shangrao and Jingdezhen, capturing the vast cultural and natural landscape of Jiangxi and gathering its unique scenery. Visited the outstanding figures in Jiangxi Celebrity Atlas, traveled through time and space through the perspective of figures, collaged details and restored history; Subjects involved include culture and art (poetry, painting, drama, music), geography, religion, architecture, living environment, national consciousness and so on. And they have crossed many disciplines to let the audience know about Jiangyou.

3. Common sense of ancient culture

Ancient Astronomical Four Elephants The ancients divided twenty-eight lodges into four directions: east, north, west and south. The seven huts on each side are imagined as four animal images, called four elephants.

The seven nights in the East are like dragons flying in the night sky in spring and early summer, so they are called the Oriental Black Dragon. The seven nights in the north appear like snakes and turtles in the night sky in summer and early autumn, so it is called North Xuanwu. The seven-night tiger in the west jumped out of the night sky in late autumn and early winter, so it was called the West White Tiger. South Seven Nights is like a Suzaku spreading its wings and flying, appearing in the night sky in winter and early spring, so it is called South Suzaku. The nickname of the moon is the most prominent description object of natural objects mentioned in ancient poems.

(5) According to legend, there are laurel trees in the middle of the month, so they are called Gui Yue, Guilun, Guigong and Guiling. (6) According to legend, there are Guanghan Palace and Qing Xu Palace in the middle of the month, so it is called Guanghan and Qing Xu.

(7) Because it is said that the moon drives the gods, it is called Wang Shu. It is said that Chang 'e lives in the middle of the month, so the moon is called Chang 'e.

(9) Because people often compare beautiful women to the moon, they call the moon Chanjuan. Ancient Geographical Rivers Many ancient articles specifically mentioned the Yangtze River and the Yellow River.

For example, "The Hongmen Banquet": "Generals fight against Henan and ministers fight against Hebei." "On Qin": "Then we will strengthen the city, because the river is a pool."

In Dedicated to Sister, "Jiang" refers to the Yangtze River and "He" refers to the canal. Xihe River is also called Hexi and the area west of Yellow River.

Such as "Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru": "It must be outside the Xihe River." On Qin: "So the Qin people surrendered and took the Xijiang River."

Jiangdong lies to the east of the Yangtze River. For example, Li Qingzhao said in a poem: "I miss Xiang Yu so far and refuse to cross Jiangdong."

Battle of Red Cliffs: "I am also a father and brother, leaving Jiangdong." Jiangzuo is Jiangdong.