Physical, oral and auditory departments must be examined.
Experts point out that there are some items that must be checked every physical examination, such as physical examination. Liu, director of the Department of Preventive Health Care of the First Affiliated Hospital of Tsinghua University, pointed out that physical measurement is to check the child's height (length) and weight, so as to judge the child's growth and development and nutritional status. Some parents think that they often measure their children's weight at home, so there is no need to have a physical examination. Liu said that children grow and develop rapidly at the age of 0-6, and timely examination can help medical staff compare and evaluate children's physique and measure their nutritional status.
Oral examination, hearing examination and internal medicine examination are also compulsory items for every physical examination of children aged 0-6. Liu introduced that timely oral examination can effectively help children prevent dental caries, gingivitis and malocclusion. For infants, oral examination can also judge the child's teething situation. The focus of hearing screening is on infants before the age of 3, especially those with high hearing risk factors. Newborns should receive the first hearing screening 48 hours after birth; Those who fail to pass the preliminary screening will undergo hearing examination in about 42 days; Those who fail to pass the re-examination in 42 days will be examined for hearing diagnosis in about 3 months. Children diagnosed with hearing impairment should go to the hospital in time for corresponding medical intervention.
In addition, medical examination is to observe whether the child's heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney function are normal, mainly listening to heart rate and abdominal tenderness.
The time of intelligence screening varies from person to person.
It is equally important to pay attention to children's intellectual development. Liu introduced that the time for intelligence screening of children varies from person to person. According to reports, the intelligence examination of children aged 0-6 includes two aspects: routine intelligence screening of children and intelligence monitoring of high-risk children. Children's routine intelligence screening is an intelligence test conducted at 8~ 12 months in the process of routine physical examination. However, if it is a high-risk newborn, it should be monitored 2-4 times in the regular physical examination of children. The recommended monitoring time is: the first time: 4-5 months; The second time: 8-9 months; The third time: 1 year-1 year and a half; The fourth time: 2 -2.5 years old.
Experts pointed out that intelligence monitoring, early detection and early diagnosis should be carried out for high-risk newborns, so as to intervene early and give full play to their intellectual potential.
Check your eyesight every six months after you are four years old.
According to the latest data released by the Beijing Municipal Health Bureau, among the 447,436 children aged 0-6 registered for physical examination in the city last year, 4-6 years old children with low vision 1 1463.
Experts point out that children can begin to have their eyesight checked regularly after they reach the age of four. Li Mingwu, deputy chief physician of the Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People's Hospital, also said that the eyesight of three or four-year-old children is not fully developed, which is the best time to treat children's eye diseases. Some parents usually turn a blind eye to their children's eye diseases, and when they realize it, the situation is very serious. Parents are advised to check their children's eyes once every six months or once a year to achieve early prevention, early detection and early treatment. Therefore, parents should teach their children to know the eye chart and check their eyesight at least once every six months.
Pay attention to the trace element hemoglobin after adding complementary food
According to the data released by Beijing Municipal Health Bureau, anemia is also a common disease among children aged 0-6. Liu pointed out that after a child reaches the age of 6 months, a hemoglobin test must be done every year to judge whether the child has anemia.
In infancy, rickets is also the focus of prevention. Liu said that after the child is 8 months old, parents can do a trace element test for the child to understand the situation of the child's complementary food addition and avoid the child's nutritional deficiency.