Chinese test questions and reference answers

First, choose the correct or best expression (10)

1. In order to maintain the purity of the language, it is forbidden to use homophonic words _ _ _ _ _ idioms in advertisements.

A tampering with b tampering with c editing

2. Mr. Zhu in the academic field of _ _ _ was elected as the director of the institute.

A is deeply disappointed, B is deeply disappointed and C is deeply disappointed.

3, as long as there is sincerity, no matter how thick the ice will be _ _ _ _.

A melt, B melt, C melt.

4. Chess stall owners sell flaws, guide _ _ _ _, and cheat money.

A enters the net, B enters the urn, and C enters the net.

5, all ticket outlets, are not allowed to charge passengers or _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

Variable a, variable b and variable c

6. It was a three-year natural disaster, and _ _ _ still had difficulties. Who is worried about the survival of the dispensable troupe?

A wraps the belly, B wraps the skin, and C wraps the belly.

7, government leaders as public servants, to _ _ _ care about the sufferings of the masses.

A from time to time, B from time to time, C from time to time.

8, China agricultural production in the world has made _ _ _ _ great achievements, first of all, should be attributed to the reform and opening up policy.

A pay attention to b sidelights c pay attention

9. A long-range shot by China's No.20 striker made the opposing goalkeeper _ _ _ _ _ and the ball landed in the net.

A caught off guard, b caught off guard, c caught off guard.

10, put these data together, you can see _ _ _ _.

A clue, b ending, c ending

Second, classical Chinese reading (10)

On the tin feast of the Holy Festival, the state and county ordered dozens of prostitutes to dance in the court and wrote the word "Peace in the world", which was unusual. Yuefu Miscellanies in the Tang Dynasty says: "Dancing has words, and dancers are on the ground, spreading words." Wang Jian's "Gong Ci" says: "Luoshan leaves are re-embroidered, and Jin and E clusters. Every time the dance head is divided into two directions, it is in the word "Long live peace". "So it has come for a long time. (Beware of "Qi Dong Yu Ye")

1, what kind of scene is described in the article? What does Zhou Mi think of this?

2, combined with what you see in real life, talk about your views on similar phenomena.

III. Translating the next paragraph of ancient Chinese into modern Chinese (20 points)

In ancient times, the first king tried his best to be close to the people, and there were loyal ministers to persuade the punishment, and then there were evil ministers to stop loyalty and persuade evil, and the land was owned by the monarch and Qin was also a clique of ministers. Shandong, which hides the right path and plays private songs, is also chaotic and weak, and human nature is also the way to rule the powerful Wang Gu. Gou Jian, the king of Yue, relied on his big friend's tortoise to fight Wu, but he couldn't win the battle. In Wu, he abandoned the turtle and became clear and friendly to the people. Those who rely on ghosts and gods are slower than those who rely on playing evil roles ").

Four, modern reading (20 points)

Not long ago, I was in Kaner Village, Shanshan, and saw a big Haloxylon ammodendron tree growing on the roadside. I have known Haloxylon since I was a child, just like seeing a relative standing there. I suddenly became interested in this village. A Haloxylon ammodendron, which could only be used as firewood, grew intact in the village for so many years until it died. Who is protecting it? The village of Decanell is near the desert and walks into a family. A ditch flows in front of the door, and vines crawl all over the courtyard. When I turned to the back of the house, I found that the back wall had been buried by quicksand. The desert was far away from the back wall of this family and there was no green at all.

Xinjiang, where I live, has a vast territory and some natural scenery on a large piece of land. In addition to several national wildlife reserves and relatively loose villages and towns, there are continuous gaps in farmland. I was fortunate to see the wild grasslands and desert Gobi that have not been occupied for the time being, where weeds are overgrown and trees are overgrown, or nothing grows and the wind blows away. Unlike the Central Plains in the Mainland, cities and villages are closely linked and farmland is densely covered. The whole land is full of people and food, and there is no idle land for weeds to grow, let alone wild animals. Naturally retreat to remote frontiers and barren hills where life is not easy. There are only flies and mice left in the wild animals in the city, and the countryside is similar.

The beautiful natural landscape is far away from people, but it is approaching natural disasters: earthquakes, mudslides, droughts and floods, and abnormal climate. This is the other side of nature. In fact, nature has never been far away from us. Whether living in cities or villages, we are still in the embrace of nature. Including people, is also a part of nature. All human cities, political power, religions and cultural civilizations are built on the largest nature-the earth, but under the sky. None of this exists when it moves and starts. But it loves us deeply and will not leave easily. However, we often forget to carry our land and protect our paradise.

The ancients said: morality carries things. The generous earth carries rivers and mountains, as well as caterpillars and grass; It carries Xiushui Jiangnan and the western regions of the desert. Its virtue is justice. People who say they are virtuous and carry things know the language of the earth. Zhuangzi knew the natural language, so did those outstanding writers in ancient times. They communicate with nature through vegetation, insects, birds, clouds, water and soil, and their hearts wander in the universe, gaining enlightenment and wisdom.

There are hundreds of plants and animals in The Book of Songs, each with a name. "Guanguan pheasant dove is in Hezhou." At the beginning of The Book of Songs, a bird named pheasant dove appeared, which was the treatment given to a bird by ancient poets. It has a voice, a name, dignity and status. If it was written by a modern poet, it would probably be written as "a bird chirping by the river". As for what kind of bird it is, probably not many people care.

Now all animals and plants on the earth have names, but we don't know or how to call them by their names. In many literary works, what we read is a general term for animals and plants. All plants that grow on the ground are called grass, and all birds that fly in the sky are called birds, but we don't know how to name a grass or a bird separately. On the one hand, I don't know, on the other hand, I may have no respect for the object written in my mind.

Only when you have a heart that can communicate with nature, know how to respect nature and fear life outside people, can you understand nature and know what a grass, a cloud and a star are saying. The only channel for nature to communicate with us is the mind. Modern people also have a heart, but it doesn't work. When I was a child, I lay on the haystack at night and saw the dogs around me looking at the stars, so I followed them. I never thought dogs couldn't understand the stars, and dogs probably didn't think so either. Looking at the stars is actually very simple. If you look up, you can see those distant stars. You can feel that they have been looking at you and you are looking at them.

Including a stone on the ground, a lump in the soil, always looking at us like this. It's just that our heart doesn't work and we can't feel the gaze of the lump. Nature doesn't communicate with us, and we have already lost the language to communicate with nature.

The people in Shanshan Dikaner village are still in nature. They never know how to get along with the desert, how to live with only a little water, a grape and a Haloxylon ammodendron tree, and more importantly, how to live in poverty.

1. The role of Haloxylon ammodendron in writing context, emotional expression and ideological implication.

2. How to understand "modern people have the heart, but they can't"?

At the end of the article, I wrote "Know how to live in poverty". Some critics think that the author wants people to be content with poverty. What do you think of this? (About 200 words)

Verb (abbreviation of verb) composition (40 points)

Mr. Lu Xun once said: "The endless distance and countless people are all related to me." What kind of connection do you think this is? How to connect yourself with "endless distance, countless people"? Try to combine the above questions and write a composition with the topic of "endless distance, countless people"

Requirements: 1, appropriate analogy, put an end to falsehood; 2. Smooth writing and clear reasoning; 3, sincere feelings, avoid using cliches; 4. The number of words should be 700-800.

Reference answer:

I.1-5bcacb6-10cbacaca

Second, tips

1, the state and county held a tin banquet on the holy day, and ordered dozens of prostitutes to dance in the court, making the word "the world is peaceful". The author's cautious view is embodied in "unusual (especially unconventional)" and holds a negative attitude.

2. Based on the analysis of "this matter has a long history", there are many such examples in real life.

Three. Reference translation

The ancient king devoted himself to getting close to the people and making the law known to the public. When their laws were clarified, loyal officials were encouraged and punished severely, and treacherous officials stopped doing evil. Loyal officials were encouraged, treacherous officials stopped doing evil, so the territory expanded and the monarch was noble, just like Qin. The vassal States formed a party to deviate from the right path and engage in malpractices for personal gain, resulting in the loss of land and humble monarch, just like the six Shandong countries. Disorder and decline is the general law of personnel. Since ancient times, it has been the law that a stable and powerful country rules the world. Gou Jian, the King of Yue, relied on the good omen shown by this expensive tortoise shell to fight against Wu. As a result, he didn't win, became a prisoner and went to Wu for cheap service. After returning home, he abandoned the tortoise shell and made it clear that he was close to the people in order to get back at Wu. As a result, Fu Cha was captured. Therefore, people who rely on ghosts and gods will ignore the rule of law, and those who rely on aid from other countries will endanger the country.

Fourth, tips

1, writing clues, emotional attachment, ideological sustenance.

2. "Nature doesn't communicate with us, and we have lost the language to communicate with nature."

3. From the perspective of "knowing how to respect nature and fear life outside people".

Verb (abbreviation of verb) technique

"Infinite distance, countless people, all related to me", from the master Lu Xun's "The Last Collection of Essays in the Pavilion"? This is also life. In 2005, the host of the "Touching China" award party quoted this sentence: "Mr. Lu Xun once said:' Infinite distance and countless people are all related to me." For Cong Fei, aren't all children out of school related to him? He is a truly selfless person, a philanthropist who has given money, time and even health. "

Example:

I don't know when it started, so people often talk about it-"It has nothing to do with me". So, in broad daylight, someone robbed and committed a crime, causing an accident and escaping, and you bowed your head and hurried by. "It has nothing to do with me", so it is better to protect yourself wisely; Therefore, donations from snowstorms and earthquakes are nothing, and you don't donate any funds for poverty alleviation, which has nothing to do with me! However, is this really the case?

"Infinite distance and countless people are all related to me." Mr. Lu Xun's epigram echoed in my ears, "It has nothing to do with me"? No, you don't live in a vacuum bottle. The change of the world and the rise and fall of the country are closely related to you.

"Nothing to do with me" is just an excuse for cowards to protect themselves and a reason for the numb to comfort themselves; Under the torture of morality and responsibility, these prevarications are like snow in the sun, fleeting and untenable.

Society is like a 24-hour machine, and everyone is an indispensable screw. If the development of society and the rise and fall of the country really have nothing to do with you, then where is your role? How do you embody your life value? The ancients once said, "Every man is responsible for the rise and fall of the world." With a sense of national responsibility, Qu Yuan's Li Sao, Wen Tianxiang's Song Zhengqi, Mei Lanfang's Hu Shu Li Yan and Liu Hezhen's Petition for the People ... Patriotism is the eternal theme, and national responsibility is the highest realm of responsibility.

Maybe you will say that I am just a grain of sand to the society, insignificant, just a drop of water, ordinary and unremarkable. My efforts are just a drop in the ocean for the national economy and people's livelihood, and a drop in the ocean for snowstorms and earthquakes. However, my friends, every mountain makes a sea, and every drop of water wears through. No matter how big the difficulty is divided by1300 million, it will become affordable, and no matter how small the contribution is multiplied by1300 million, it will become as heavy as Mount Tai. One small step for you is a leap for society. Why not bring yourself into the social machine and play your own role? Perhaps it is difficult for us to go down in history and remain immortal, but we can honestly tell our children and grandchildren that I have made due contributions to the development of the country and the progress of society, and I am innocent.

Infinite distance and countless people are all related to me, from which we can see a strong sense of responsibility, a spirit of taking the rise and fall of the world and the sufferings of the people as our responsibility, and it is this spirit that makes Mr. Lu Xun climb to the peak of the twentieth century, relieve suffering and heal wounds. When he roared off under the banner of "soul of china", his exploits were already engraved in the annals of China history.

Friend, give up the excuse that seems full of justice, but it is actually powerless. It is just self-comfort by covering your ears; To regain the forgotten but increasingly important sense of social responsibility is the ladder for the Chinese nation to rise again.

Please lend a helping hand when others are bullied; When others are in deep pain, please care with love; When the country is peaceful and the people are safe, we can proudly announce that this has something to do with me.

(Peking University and other 13 universities: Peking University (including the Ministry of Medicine), Beihang University, Beijing Normal University, Nankai University, Fudan University, Xiamen University, Shandong University, Wuhan University, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Sichuan University, Lanzhou University and Hong Kong University, which are called "NATO" online).