At present, the only vaccine that can prevent cancer, none of the domestic vaccines is a vaccine with cancer prevention as the main indication. The imported vaccines are only bivalent, tetravalent and nonavalent human papillomavirus vaccines, and the indications clearly indicate that they can prevent cervical precancerous lesions and cervical cancer caused by specific carcinogen human papillomavirus (human papillomavirus). The successful development of HPV vaccine means that human cancer prevention has entered an epoch-making new stage.
Specific antigen It is too difficult to find a vaccine that can easily prevent cancer, that is, some viruses are directly caused by viruses, or tumor cells express virus-related antigens. Then, develop vaccines against specific virus antigens, so that the body can produce corresponding antibodies against these viruses, and once there is a virus that can cause cancer, it can be directly killed, thus protecting the human body and achieving the purpose of preventing cancer.
Most other cancers are not like this, and it is difficult to find tumor-specific antigens, which makes researchers who have seen hope very crazy, because most antigens also exist in normal cells, and even if vaccines are developed, they will not have any antagonistic effects at all.
Even if we can find the specific antigens of tumor cells and develop corresponding vaccines against these specific antigens, unfortunately, most of them have failed. These antigens are often less than 5% effective for certain types of tumors, and the effect is difficult to determine.
Moreover, the ability of this antigen to stimulate human immune response is too weak, and scientists and major pharmaceutical companies have failed many times. Tumors are too complicated and cunning. As long as tumor cells realize the attack from outside, they will try their best to resist. Especially in the local microenvironment of tumor cells, there is strong immunosuppression. In other words, tumor cells can evade immune detection by not expressing these special antigens. Even if they can arouse people's immune response, these well-designed vaccines have no target.
The really effective way, of course, is that we expect to have vaccines to prevent cancer as soon as possible, even one by one. But not yet, maybe in the next few years or even ten years. Early screening is very important to prevent cancer. There must be some special manifestations in the early stage of cancer, such as abnormal expression of tumor markers such as AFP and CEA, and unexplained pain in a certain part of the body, which should be paid enough attention to. The body is your own. Keeping a healthy life and staying away from carcinogens and carcinogenic factors is the best measure to prevent cancer!
Dr. Yao, deputy director pharmacist, senior nutritionist, 1 1 year experience in medication guidance, nutrition consultation and health management. No medicine, no doctor, advocate healthy life, no disease, no doctor!