On the way, Teacher xx explained the purpose and key points of this internship, and put forward some disciplines and requirements that should be paid attention to during the internship. Our biomedical engineering major focuses on all kinds of medical instruments and equipment. The purpose of this internship is to let us have a perceptual and intuitive understanding of all kinds of instruments and equipment we have learned, so as to combine the theory in books with the technology in reality. Xx Hospital is located in xx Road, Yuzhong District, xx City. This hospital covers a small area, but its equipment and instruments are in a leading position in xx and even the whole southwest region, especially the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular and radiotherapy centers, which have advanced technology, equipment and treatment methods that other hospitals do not have. Therefore, the object of our internship chose xx Hospital.
Because hospitals are places where special people gather, patients need a quiet environment. Therefore, during the internship, we must pay attention to maintaining order and avoiding loud noises, so as not to affect the normal work of the hospital. At the same time, in the process of visiting, we should always pay attention to and record valuable information content, instead of skimming and getting nothing. After about an hour's drive, we arrived at xx Hospital. This is an inconspicuous door in the downtown area with a small yard. The statue of Mr. Sun xx stands in the central square of the hospital, and the history and present situation of xx Hospital are written on the curtain wall behind it. The courtyard is shaded by trees, occasionally decorated with flowers, and the atmosphere is peaceful. Patients in twos and threes walk or chat in the afternoon sun. Our arrival obviously caught their attention. After all, it is rare to see so many young people at once in the hospital. Sun from the Equipment Department of xx Hospital welcomed us and introduced the arrangement of this visit to us. We will visit radiotherapy center, cardiovascular treatment center, icu intensive care unit, cardiac electrophysiology laboratory, cardiac imaging laboratory and laboratory in turn. Under the leadership of section chief Sun, we started this internship.
First, the radiotherapy center
The radiotherapy center, namely the radiotherapy center, is located on the third floor underground, and the wall thickness of the center building is1.8m, all of which are poured at one time, leaving no gaps. Such a building structure can minimize the possible impact of radiation on the surrounding environment. Radiotherapy rose in the 1980s, mainly using high-energy X-rays, electron rays and γ-rays for local treatment to destroy tumor lesions. At present, malignant tumor is still a serious threat to human life, and there are usually three treatments, namely surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Tumors that can be controlled by radiotherapy account for 85% of the total incidence, which makes radiotherapy an important treatment for malignant tumors. With the development of science and technology, modern radiotherapy with "intensity modulated radiation" as the mainstream has become the main method to treat malignant tumors, which is characterized by accurate location of the treatment site, small side effects and high safety. Radiotherapy can be divided into internal irradiation, external irradiation and three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy.
According to Director Huang of the Radiotherapy Center of xx Hospital, there are currently more than 1xx00 hospitals in China that can provide radiotherapy, and it takes more than 3,000 hospitals to reach saturation. This shows that radiotherapy needs to be further developed and popularized in China, with broad prospects. The radiotherapy center of xx Hospital consists of the following parts: tps planning station, afterloading room, accelerator control room and treatment room. Patients should first locate radiotherapy, that is, determine the target area of radiotherapy, and then plan through tps planning station. This process is to optimize the combination of treatment schemes by computer and get the most suitable treatment scheme. According to different parts of the tumor, corresponding internal irradiation or external irradiation is adopted. Internal irradiation refers to the radiation emitted by radioactive source to irradiate the tumor in the lumen. External irradiation is the use of linear accelerator to produce X-rays for treatment. The main radiotherapy equipment owned by the radiotherapy center is as follows:
1) xinhua medical Instrument Factory SL- 1 Radiotherapy Simulator observes and locates the size and position of tumor through X-ray fluoroscopy, which is the necessary equipment for tumor patients to check, make and confirm the treatment plan before radiotherapy.
Features:
1, clear image: high-quality images can be obtained under the conditions of low brightness and high brightness.
2. Various simulation parameters have high display accuracy and good repeatability.
3. The gantry angle and the source skin distance sad can be set automatically.
4. The image intensifier has a large scanning range and can move synchronously with the diaphragm.
5. It has the function of latching the last image. Operation mode: All simulated inspections can be operated through the TV monitoring cabin, and the console has the function of controlling and displaying data. If necessary, you can use the hand controller to operate near the station.
2) High dose xhdrl8 in xinhua medical Instrument Factory.
The afterloading technology of rate remote control afterloading therapy machine was initially applied to the treatment of gynecological tumors, and later it was widely used to treat intracavitary tumors such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma and esophageal cancer, that is, as a filling between internal irradiation and external irradiation. At present, afterloading technology makes the curative effect of radiotherapy for intracavitary tumors reach the surgical level, even better than surgical treatment, so it has become the first choice for intracavitary tumor treatment.
3) primus6/ 15mv two-photon medical linear accelerator and multi-leaf grating (3-D) from Siemens is the latest fully digital linear accelerator specially developed by Siemens for intensity modulated therapy. The machine is fully digital, highly automated, accurate and reliable, and can perform high-quality radiotherapy. Primus means productivity, reliability, strength adjustment and unified structure. The new solid-state technology reduces the volume of primus by 76% compared with the early mevatronk. This means that customers can greatly save computer room area, thus saving computer room costs. Xx Hospital spent more than 700,000 dollars on this set of equipment. The machine can emit two kinds of rays (electron beam and X-ray) for radiotherapy. X-ray can use different gears according to the depth of tumor, and * * * is divided into 6 gears.
4) angelplan-3000 head three-dimensional stereotactic radiotherapy system of Nanjing Dongying Company (referred to as X-head knife).
5) angelplan-3000 body three-dimensional stereotactic radiotherapy system of Nanjing Dongying Company (X knife for short) angelplan-3000(a, B) system is an X-ray three-dimensional stereotactic precise radiotherapy product applied to the head or body. The unique design idea and realization means make the head treatment as accurate as the body treatment, and it is a real X-knife. Head ring and collimator
6) angelplan-xx000 frameless 3D laser positioning system (CT-SIM) of Nanjing Dongying Company Angel Plan-CTSIM simulation laser positioning system is the first frameless 3D laser positioning system for X-knife and conformal radiotherapy introduced by Dongying Company in China. The system is a high-end product instead of angelplan 3D stereotactic bed, which is mainly used in large professional tumor diagnosis and treatment institutions and powerful medical units, and also enables medical institutions that are not suitable for color 3D stereotactic beds to have the basic conditions of X-knife and conformal radiotherapy.
System functions:
1. Easy to use and understand, more efficient.
Xx。 Adopt optical, mechanical and electrical integration technology to avoid mechanical errors.
3. High accuracy, minimum repeated positioning error and good ct imaging effect.
4. The positioning accuracy can be verified intuitively and conveniently.
The result is more accurate
6. More professional and scientific, making patients more comfortable.
Composition structure:
1. 3D laser positioning system
Xx。 Detection and calibration device
3. Calibration of precision measuring tools
4. Positioning stent and positioning peritoneum
5. System control computer
6. Software system
Ows operating system
Performance indicators:
1. The comprehensive positioning error can actually be controlled within1.5 mm..
Xx。 The focus of the laser line can be adjusted, and the laser line width at the marking position is less than1mm.
3. The coincidence error of coincidence laser line is less than 65438 0 mm..
4. The step error is less than 0.3mm7) Angel Plan-XX 000 3D Conventional and Conformal Radiotherapy Planning System (3D-TPS) of Nanjing Dongying Company.
System functions:
1. Through dicom interface, the image data can be directly read from the host computer such as ct and mri, and decoded into the image format required by the treatment planning system, which greatly shortens the image preprocessing time, and adjusts the window width and bed size by using the high fidelity of the image, which makes the diagnosis and extraction of lesions quite convenient.
Xx。 Provide automatic setting function of conformal field. The system can automatically give the shape of the conformal field according to the projection shape of the lesion, which can be realized by the stop technology provided by the system or by the multi-leaf grating automatically configured by the system.
3. The design drawings of conformal field and actual size blocks are provided, which can be directly used for the manufacture and processing of conformal lead blocks or blocks.
4. The compensation and adjustment design of the radiation field is provided, which can be used to make the multi-field conformal intensity modulated radiotherapy plan.
5. Provide the treatment plan design function of mixed electron and X-ray irradiation.
6. Clinically necessary quality assurance system
Second, the cardiovascular treatment center
The main equipment are:
1)GE's lcvplus digital subtraction angiography machine can realize the most advanced three-axis system design. It is the only computer control system in the world, with unique dynamic real-time subtraction and efficient three-dimensional angiography technology, unique computer optimal projection angle positioning technology, unique intelligent handle technology and super image post-processing workstation.
2) ECG catheter workstation can calculate the hemodynamic data obtained during catheter operation online, which is suitable for newborns, children and adults. The open structure makes the number of users synchronized unlimited. Large storage capacity, saving patient data, waveforms and graphics. Open design, free input or output of his system and various clinical data systems, image storage and reporting function of hemodynamic information, and various preset analysis software, such as coronary artery tree reporting software and congenital heart picture software. Dicom connection transmits images.
3) When intracardiac electrophysiological instrument is used for intracardiac treatment, the instrument can know the current intracardiac indexes and activities in real time, which is convenient for operation.
4) The directviewcr900 computerized X-ray photography system (cr) of Kodak Company in the United States uses traditional general radiology to obtain and store information through film, so if the film is damaged, the image disappears. When cr is a photo, the information is stored on an image board (ip board), which is read by a computer and converted into a digital image. Therefore, cr has the function of image post-processing. Through adjustment, not only the observation site can be displayed optimally, but also different tissue structures can be observed. Recording information directly on the film with a laser camera not only improves the image quality of the film, but also reduces the operation procedures and saves time and manpower through the connection between the laser camera and the automatic processor. In addition, digital information can be stored on magnetic tape, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc. And is beneficial to long-term preservation. The system can load and process multiple cassettes in the radiation department. Just install Kodak directview remote operation panel in examination room or remote location to realize distributed workflow. Radiologists can conduct a comprehensive examination of patients without leaving the examination room, thus simplifying the workflow and providing better care for patients. Using the remote operation panel, you can input patient data and examination data, scan bar codes, put the cassette into the cr900 system, and then return to the examination room with the installed panel. Here, you can adjust the image quality, add left/right marks, reprocess the image, and then send it to the destination for soft copy viewing, printing or archiving.
Three. Intensive care unit
Intensive care unit (icu) is a modern medical management model gradually established by major hospitals in recent years, and it is a place for intensive rescue and treatment of critically ill and major surgical patients. Internationally, the establishment of icu, the number of beds, the perfection of equipment, the quality of personnel and the rescue effect have been regarded as one of the important signs to judge the technical level of a hospital. The icu of xx Hospital has xx beds and two central monitoring systems, and each bed is equipped with several world-advanced monitoring and treatment systems. A large number of full-time doctors and nurses who are proficient in the rescue and treatment of various important organ failures and have rich clinical experience provide 24-hour continuous and rigorous monitoring and treatment for critically ill and major surgical patients to ensure the smooth recovery of various important organ functions of patients, thus greatly improving the cure rate and effectively reducing the mortality rate of patients. The basic requirement of icu ward is that each patient is equipped with a monitor, ventilator, infusion pump, micro syringe, etc. The monitors are networked and monitored in the nurse workstation. The monitoring information of key monitoring patients and general monitoring patients is displayed in separate screens. The main detection indexes are ECG, blood oxygen saturation and blood pressure. Among them, blood pressure can be divided into noninvasive blood pressure and invasive blood pressure, and the detection of invasive blood pressure is very important for postoperative patients. All the patients admitted to icu are patients who need monitoring and organ function support equipment and may be in danger at any time.
We have to admit that we lack care for our parents. In this survey, 42% college students have a little knowledge of their parents' life and physical condition, and 58% college students have a very clear understanding. 36% college students clearly remember their parents' birthdays and will give timely blessings or gifts; And 45% of college students know their birthdays, but often forget to give their parents birthday wishes; What's more, 15% of college students can't remember. To our surprise, 3% of college students don't know. For 20 years, you may not have celebrated your parents' birthdays or bought them presents, but students may often celebrate their classmates' birthdays and give them presents.
Why don't we try to send a birthday present to our parents on their birthdays and say "Happy Birthday"? It can be seen that college students seldom buy gifts on their parents' birthdays, which may be related to the traditional custom in China: everyone is not used to buying gifts for their parents. However, we suggest that you still send a birthday present on your parents' birthdays, even if it is an ordinary gift, parents will be extremely happy after receiving it. Of course, in our survey, we found that 72% of students are grateful for the care of their families. We hope these students can put their thoughts into action and let their parents feel our love for them! But there are also 23% students who think that family care is natural, which has to attract our attention: it is precisely because of these ideas of some students that they are indifferent to family! In addition, we also found that 3% students have no feelings for their families. Although it is only 3%, it at least reflects some problems: some college students have lost their family values and paid little attention to their relatives around them. "The crow feeds back, and the lamb kneels for milk." Animals are still grateful, not to mention those of us who have received higher education. Should we reflect on ourselves? Don't we have the right to be taken care of by our families, but have no obligation to take care of them? As children, should we care about our elders and do something for them?
2. Communication with parents
With the development of modern social economy, people's communication tools become faster and more convenient. Indeed, in our survey, the main way for college students to contact their parents is to call.
However, only 4% of college students talk to their parents for more than 40 minutes, while 23% talk to their parents for less than 5 minutes, which shows that most students talk to their parents for about 20 minutes. We are not satisfied with the results of this survey. It should be said that we need to keep in touch with our parents often, so that parents can have a relatively thorough understanding of their own situation at school and reassure children who are far away from home. At the same time, we should also know the physical condition and work situation of parents who are far away from home. This is the most basic thing that our children should do. Actually, it's easy to keep in touch with your family. You can always spare three or two minutes to make a phone call, but now, college students are too busy studying to call their parents. Maybe some of our classmates say that these trivial things are unnecessary, but please seriously think about what supports the affection between children and parents. There is no denying that one of them is communication with each other.
In the survey, 36% students spend their holidays with their parents; There are also 56% students who spend some time with their parents. However, 8% students didn't even take a little time to spend with their parents during the holidays. Maybe some students want to go home but can't, but some students don't want to go home and just play outside. Among the topics discussed with parents, 55% students said that their study or life was the most talked about topic with their parents. 3 1% students often talk to their parents about the situation at home; 7% of students and parents talked about asking for living expenses at home! I believe everyone knows that parents' money is accumulated bit by bit. Many parents are reluctant to feed and dress their children. They can only give them how much money they want, and they don't want to say more. They are worried that their children will be wronged and are willing to pay for their bright future. However, very few students show a face of "playboy" or "miss playboy", and they have no idea of saving their parents' money, and they will not feel guilty at all. It is natural for parents to earn money for their children. There is no other topic to talk to parents except asking for money. Of course, most of our classmates can understand, but we can't ignore this rare phenomenon. Parents' money is hard-won, and they have paid too much for our growth. Therefore, spend money in moderation. Spend when you should, and try not to spend what you shouldn't. Only by learning to be thrifty can we lighten the burden for our parents, learn the truth of being a man, and please our hard-working parents. As long as you can do it, every penny you spend is worthy of your conscience. I hope these students who spend a lot of money can restrain themselves! Especially the students from poor families in rural and urban areas, I hope you will live up to your parents and your conscience.
Specially recommend a 2000-word report on college students' social practice.