The Kremlin [1] was once the palace of the czars of past dynasties and the oldest building complex in Moscow. After the October Revolution, it became the seat of the Soviet Party and government organs, and later became the seat of the Soviet Party and government organs. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, it became the name of the Russian government. Located on Mount Borovicz, where the Negrina River meets the moscow river. Moscow river in the south, Alek Sandrov Garden in the northwest and Red Square in the southeast. Built in 1 156. Originally a wooden wall, 1367 was changed to a stone wall. /kloc-The brick palace wall (2.5km in circumference) of the 5th century has been preserved to this day. In the central church square, there are Ascension Church, Angel Church, Good News Church, Ivan the Great Bell Tower and polygonal palaces in 15 and 16 centuries. 1788 Senate building (now government building) completed. The Kremlin building was built in11940s. There are 20 towers around the palace wall. The most magnificent towers in the palace are Spartak, Nikolai, Troitsk, Paul Weitz and Waldorf Astoria. At 1937, five Kremlin red stars were installed on the tower.

St basil's cathedral

The sacred Brasilia Cathedral in Moscow is the most concrete and subtle symbol of Moscow and even Russia, and it is also the most representative memorial building in Russia. Entrusted by Ivan IV, this church was built between 1555 and 156 1 to commemorate his conquest of Kazan khanate.

1588, Tsar Feodor Ivanovich added a small auditorium to the east of the grave of a Russian Orthodox saint Vasily Braleno. Since then, the church has been widely called "St. basil's Church".

It is said that after the completion of the church, Ivan blinded all the architects who participated in the construction of the church because he didn't want them to build more magnificent buildings than the church.

Red Square (in Moscow)

In Russian, "red" means "beauty" and "red square" means "beautiful square". The large-scale expansion of Red Square is after 18 12. At that time, Napoleon's army set fire to Moscow, and the people of Moscow broadened the Red Square when they rebuilt their homes. In the 1920s, Red Square merged with the neighboring Vasilevschi Square, forming its present scale. Red Square is 695 meters long from north to south and 130 meters wide from east to west, with a total area of over 90,000 square meters. The square is covered with ochre red square stones, shiny and shiny. Both sides of the square are inclined, and the whole red square seems to be slightly raised. Vasily Blanie Cathedral is located in the south of the square, slightly inclined to the slope of moscow river. This church was built in 1555 ~ 15 1 year to commemorate the Russian czar's occupation of Kazan Principality and astrakhan. It is known as an outstanding representative of ancient Russian architectural art. The church is composed of nine churches, large and small, and eight smaller churches around it surround the larger churches, forming a group of exquisite buildings. These nine churches are dome towers, with the central main tower 47 meters high and surrounded by eight onion-shaped domes with different heights, shapes, colors, patterns and decorations. The church is made of red bricks and decorated with white stone components. The top of the dome is glittering with bright red, yellow and green. The whole church is permeated with a strong festive atmosphere. In front of the church, there are patriots Minen and Bo Zalsky Monuments.

Moscow's Red Square

There is a three-story red brick building in the north of Red Square, with eight buildings in the north and eight buildings in the south. This is a historical museum built in19th century, with a collection of 4.5 million exhibits. On the east side of Red Square is the largest state-owned department store complex in Moscow, which was built in the early 1920s, with two floors and a business area of nearly 80,000 square meters.

There are many famous buildings in Red Square, and to the south is Vasily Ascension Cathedral, also known as Pocroft Cathedral. It was built by Ivan the Terrier to commemorate 1552' s victory over the Tatar army in Kazan. When you see this church, you will be attracted by its unique architectural style. In the middle of this church is a church roof with a big spire. Eight small domes with different colors and patterns are scattered around it, and nine golden onion-shaped church roofs are wonderful. Ivan Ray ordered the architect to be blind so that such a beautiful church would not appear elsewhere. (Poor architect! In front of Vasily Ascension Cathedral are statues of national heroes Minen and Bo Zalsky (the statue was completed on 18 18). From 16 1 1 to 16 12, the Polish invaders were defeated and Moscow was liberated.

In front of the church is a circular platform, commonly known as the guillotine, which is a place to preach to the masses and read the czar's orders. At the same time, it is also a place where the death penalty is executed. The execution is carried out under the stage, and the execution order and the prisoner's crime are read out on the stage.

To the south of Basil's Ascension Cathedral is Basil Slope. All the way to moscow river.

Red Square (in Moscow)

Lenin's mausoleum is located on the west side of Red Square, in front of the center of the Kremlin wall. 1924 65438+ built on1October 27th. It was originally made of wood, but it was made of granite and marble at 1930. After the Great Patriotic War, the crystal coffin containing Lenin's body was replaced with a new one. Lenin's mausoleum is half underground and half exposed on the ground. Its body surface is stepped three cubes, made of red granite and black feldspar. The mausoleum has a volume of 5,800 cubic meters and an internal volume of 2,400 cubic meters. The tombstone engraved with the word "Lenin" in front of the tomb has a net weight of 60 tons. The top of the tomb is a platform, and the two wings of the platform are an observation deck that can accommodate 10 thousand people. Whenever there is an important ceremony, leaders will stand on Lenin's mausoleum to watch and preside over the ceremony. Walking down the black marble steps, you can enter the mourning hall in the center of the mausoleum. Lenin lay peacefully in a crystal coffin covered with red party flag and the national flag, wearing a yellow coat and a red flag medal on his chest. His face and hands are illuminated by special lights, clear and quiet. The opening hours are Wednesday and Thursday morning 10- 1 1. Saturday 1-2. Not far from Lenin's mausoleum, there is Lenin Museum, which contains Lenin's relics and biographies. Between Lenin's mausoleum and the Kremlin wall is the cemetery of other leaders of the former Soviet Union.

Between the back of Lenin's mausoleum and the red wall of the Kremlin. There are 12 tombstones: Stalin, Brezhnev, andropov, chernenko, dzerzhinsky and other former Soviet politicians. Stalin's body was originally in Lenin's mausoleum, but it was removed from Lenin's mausoleum on June 3 1 962+1October 31. Buried behind Lenin's mausoleum.

Red Square is along the wall of the Kremlin, with the ashes of Marshal zhukov, Lenin's wife Krupskaya, Gorky, the first astronaut Gagarin and other celebrities in the former Soviet Union. To the east of Red Square is the national department store. Built in 1893 and designed by Pomeranz Fu, it has become one of the top ten famous department stores in the world. To the north of Red Square is the History Museum, with a red brick and white roof. It is also a landmark building in Moscow, built in 1873. 1On May 8th, 995, to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the victory of World War II, a statue of Marshal zhukov, a hero of World War II, was erected in the north of Red Square.