First, the connotation of professional ability

Occupation is the product of the development of human society to a certain stage, and it appears with the emergence of social division of labor. With the improvement of productivity and human's ability to conquer nature, there were three great divisions of labor in primitive society, which led to the emergence of commerce and the division of labor and opposition between manual labor and mental labor. At this point, professional activities have become a common social phenomenon, human society has produced a variety of professional division of labor, and professional families have gradually differentiated and expanded.

Professional ability refers to the individual psychological characteristics that are necessary to successfully complete a professional activity and affect the efficiency of the activity, including general professional ability and special professional ability. General professional ability refers to the * * common ability related to various tasks and jobs, such as self-study ability, language expression ability, social and activity ability, foreign language and computer application ability, and special ability refers to the specific needs of people engaged in a professional activity.

Second, the basic framework of professional ability

Different types of professionals and different occupations have different requirements for the quality of employed personnel. The quality requirements of scientific research, management, business, culture, engineering and social professionals are expounded respectively.

1, the quality that a scientific research profession should possess.

Scientific research is a kind of creative labor, and researchers should have a knowledge structure with creativity as the core. In terms of knowledge structure, we should have broad and solid basic knowledge and foreign language communication ability, both professional knowledge and profound knowledge, so as to effectively combine professional knowledge with knowledge. Have creative and skilled basic skills and theoretical understanding and application, as well as the ability to integrate and coordinate the three. Have a good psychological quality of independent thinking, diligent in practice and not afraid of setbacks.

2, the quality of the management profession should have.

The qualities that management professionals should have mainly include the following points: being loyal to and implementing national policies, being able to use them flexibly and having a high degree of public awareness. Have solid knowledge of management theory and practice, and extensive knowledge of nature and society. Have certain leadership, organization and coordination and social skills, as well as the ability to express in Chinese and foreign languages. Have a healthy body and plenty of energy to cope with complex and changeable work.

3. The qualities that a transactional profession should possess.

Business occupation refers to the professional activities related to daily system, standardization and information dissemination within the organization, such as typist, archivist, clerk, secretary, librarian, court secretary, etc. Business occupation requires the quality of employees, focusing on basic cultural knowledge in knowledge, having a more specific understanding of professional and technical expertise, knowing statistics and file management knowledge, and being familiar with special laws and regulations. Some foreign-related units also have higher requirements for foreign languages, and many transactional jobs require employees to strictly observe discipline and keep secrets, and some even have special requirements for etiquette. In terms of ability, it requires high social skills, language expression skills and capable processing skills.

4, the quality of engineering profession should have.

Engineering profession mainly refers to the quality requirements that engineers and technicians in industries such as industry and construction industry should have: they should have the pioneering spirit of hard work and hard struggle and a serious and meticulous working attitude of seeking truth from facts. Modest and prudent, go deep into the front line of work and work closely with colleagues. On the basis of firmly mastering professional knowledge, I have a good understanding of the knowledge of similar majors, and have a good foreign language level, computer application ability, language expression ability and theoretical application ability.

5, cultural occupation should have the quality.

Cultural occupations, such as writers, fashion designers, musicians, dancers, photographers, painting and calligraphy sculptors, advertising designers and so on. The knowledge and ability of cultural profession require the quality of practitioners: they can learn from others and cover a wide range; Keen observation; Rich imagination; Strong perseverance; Unique artistic talent; The spirit of continuous innovation.

6, social occupation should have the quality.

Social occupations include those that educate people, save lives, provide public services, coordinate interpersonal relationships and provide convenience for people's lives, such as teachers, doctors, lawyers, judges, radio and television workers and other social workers. Social occupation requires people to engage in their occupation: in terms of knowledge quality, they should have basic scientific and cultural knowledge, especially extensive knowledge and professional knowledge required by occupation; In terms of ability and quality, we should have a certain degree of factual understanding. Ability of social activities, organization and coordination, self-image design and writing expression. With the globalization of economy and the internationalization of talent competition, Chinese and foreign language expression skills and computer operation skills have become essential basic skills for various occupations. Third, the cultivation methods of college students' professional ability

(A) to strengthen the cultivation of college students' professional outlook

The university stage is a transitional period for college students to learn knowledge, cultivate ability, develop intelligence, enrich experience, accumulate experience and prepare for adult responsibility, and it is also a preparation period for college students to enter the society. For every college student, the college stage is one of the most important periods in his life. College students should not only adapt to an unprecedented life.