Independent spirit: independent personality, independent thinking and independent judgment.
Humanistic spirit: the values and behavior norms of the relationship between man and nature, society, others and himself. Including superior human value, the pursuit of self-improvement and the realization of ideal world and ideal personality; Moral spirit, subjective consciousness, rational principle, individual liberation, freedom and equality, harmonious interpersonal relationship, harmony between man and nature, etc.
Scientific spirit: includes scientific research ability, scientific conscience and scientific morality.
Innovative spirit: University is a place to explore, discover and spread new knowledge, and the innovative spirit of university includes cultivating inventors; Promote social progress with new ideas and new systems; Cultivate innovative talents; Transform and develop the university itself.
Critical spirit: the values with truth as the sole criterion and the resulting code of conduct and spiritual temperament of pursuing truth, criticizing mistakes and correcting them. Including critical views on culture: various views develop in criticism and anti-criticism; Give full play to the role of criticism and supervision of colleges and universities.
University spirit:
"University spirit" is the civilized achievement of the spiritual form with unique temperament formed in the existence and development of the university itself. It is the epoch symbol and concrete condensation of scientific spirit, and it is the advanced form of the whole human social civilization. Facing the opportunities and challenges of knowledge economy, building "university spirit" is not only the need of the development of higher education itself, but also the need of social progress. The essential characteristics of "university spirit" are summarized as innovative spirit, critical spirit and social care spirit.
How to mold and carry forward the university spirit;
It is precisely because the university spirit plays a vital role in the existence and development of universities, so every university should shape or carry forward the spirit that conforms to its own reality, the needs of the times and the future, and make the life tree of universities evergreen. Although different universities have different university spirit, they have many * * * conditions in shaping or carrying forward the university spirit, as follows:
1, it is very important to choose the principal.
Running a school needs school motto, which embodies the spirit of a school and is closely related to the concept of running a school. What qualities should a principal possess? In The Function of University, Clark believes that a university president must possess three qualities: determination, courage and tenacity. The president is a leader, educator, innovator, educator and well-informed person. It is also an official, manager, heir, consensus seeker, persuader and bottleneck; But he is mainly a mediator. As a mediator, the first priority is to get along well? How to reconcile the "seventy-two disharmonies" is the soul and nerve center of a university, and a good president is the premise of creating a good university. Without Cai Yuanpei, Peking University could not become the center of new culture; Without Mei Yiqi, Tsinghua could not become famous in a short time; Without Zhang Boling, Nankai could not develop rapidly. The key to the growing popularity of these universities lies in having a group of presidents like Cai Yuanpei, Mei Yiqi and Zhang Boling, who share the same pursuit and mission, and can maintain and carry forward the established university spirit. The reason why they have a group of such presidents is that these universities have established a good president selection mechanism. Under the historical conditions at that time, the principals were openly recruited to the society, and most of them were people with lofty ideals who knew Chinese and Western cultures and were enlightened and patriotic. Therefore, a good university must have a good president, and the most important thing is to have an operating mechanism for selecting a good president. After the founding of New China, university presidents are mostly produced from within the university or appointed by superiors, with weak pioneering consciousness, lack of continuous strategic thinking on the survival and development of the university, and lack of profound understanding and attention to the connotation of university spirit. Ernest Boyer, an American scholar, said, "When confirming the core role of university presidents, we should ask a question: Has the president put forward inspiring grand plans and long-term plans for universities?" Therefore, it is necessary to rebuild a good president selection mechanism so that universities will not give up their due pursuit and mission because of the departure of a good president.
2. The construction of campus culture is imperative.
University is the home of intellectuals' free and unrestrained thoughts, and the university spirit is fully embodied and infiltrated in campus culture. Compared with other corners of society, the university campus is purer. College students living in it are also unconsciously influenced and edified by campus culture, showing different personality traits. Just as people generally think that Peking University students are active, flexible and competitive, while Tsinghua people is quiet, down-to-earth, modest and cautious, a specific campus culture has influenced a specific group personality, revealing and reflecting a specific university spirit. Campus culture is the carrier of university spirit, and the shaping or development of university spirit should be carried out simultaneously with the construction of campus culture. It is worth noting that campus culture includes not only material culture, but also institutional culture and conceptual culture, and institutional culture and conceptual culture are more important than material culture (campus environment construction) to some extent. At present, many colleges and universities only pay attention to the construction of campus environment-hardware, but relatively ignore the construction of campus system culture and concept culture-software. Because the improvement of campus environment is visible, but the construction of system and concept culture can not be effective soon. This short-sighted behavior makes the system culture and concept culture in university campus culture a "soft rib" and brings many obvious bad phenomena. Students study on campus, but pay little attention to their studies. They plan to go abroad for further study, seek a good career and float in the trend of society. Discounted posters in off-campus projection halls and bars are more imposing than those in on-campus academic lectures; At the beginning of school, various societies have been recruiting people, but after a while, they stopped ... On campus, there are many "cultures" worthy of taste besides morning reading in the Woods and the scene of the library burying its head in hard work. How to make students have a sense of belonging to the university and enhance their sense of mission and responsibility? "Campus culture forms a sound personality quality by comprehensively cultivating college students' morality, intelligence and physique, and brings scientific attitudes, civilized manners and values that reflect the spirit of the university to the society, influencing and infecting others. "The core content of campus culture is spirit, value, style and ideal pursuit. A beautiful campus environment can only leave a superficial impression on people, while the school motto, study style, teaching style, tradition, lectures and other value components are truly profound enlightenment and real influence. Therefore, to mold or carry forward the university spirit, we must constantly strengthen the construction of campus culture, especially the construction of system culture and concept culture.
3. The relationship between teachers and students needs to be reformed.
Teachers and students are the eternal masters of the university campus. Thanks to their joint efforts, the university spirit has been established, developed and transformed. It can be seen that the equal and harmonious relationship between teachers and students is not only conducive to the formation of university spirit, but also conducive to the continuation of university spirit. Although college students are physically mature and their independence and autonomy are enhanced, their further development is still inseparable from the guidance of teachers; Although modern teaching methods provide convenient conditions for students' autonomous learning, self-improvement and self-education, and have a certain impact on teachers' traditional position, the image of teachers will directly or indirectly affect students' ideas and behaviors. "Preaching, teaching and dispelling doubts" should have become the glorious duty of teachers, and every student should also have the basic quality of respecting teachers and valuing morality. Teachers and students should establish close and mutually beneficial cooperative relations in multilateral exchanges and jointly explore the value, significance and truth of all things. However, with the impact of the negative impact of market economy and the spread of decadent and backward ideas, the relationship between teachers and students in university walls has also changed greatly: the distance between teachers and students is getting farther and farther. After class, the teachers picked up the handouts and left. They seldom communicate with students. After a semester's class, it is not uncommon to recognize several students, and the teacher has become an authentic "teacher". Lack of basic communication between teachers and students, lack of heart-to-heart communication, the profound friendship between teachers and students is naturally impossible; Many teachers have given up the image of an innocent intellectual, and gone to work part-time, doing business in the sea, getting what they say and paying what they say, which hides the sacred aura on teachers' heads to some extent and affects students' respect for teachers. Some teachers treat students differently, and even do things that go against principles. For example, students who fail the exam can pass the exam smoothly by giving gifts to the teacher, which will inevitably damage the image of the teacher. What's more, individual teachers' morality is corrupted and they do things that violate the law and discipline, which shakes the sacred position of teachers in the eyes of students and seriously damages the overall image of teachers. In this context, it is difficult for students to get the care of teachers, and teachers have lost the respect of students, and the relationship between teachers and students has become increasingly indifferent. The indifference between university teachers and students not only restricts the blooming of university spirit flower, but also accelerates the withering and withering of university spirit flower. Therefore, under current conditions, it is not only necessary but also urgent to change the relationship between teachers and students. Jaspers put it well, "the ideal of a university depends on every student and teacher to practice, and all forms of university organization are secondary." If this activity of realizing the ideal of university is dissolved, then the life of university can't be saved by organizational form alone. The life of university lies in teachers teaching students novel ideas that suit their own situation, so as to arouse their self-awareness. "("What is education ",translated by Zou Jin, published by Sanlian Bookstore, 199 1) The shaping of university spirit is the result of the joint efforts of teachers and students, and the development of university spirit also needs the joint maintenance of teachers and students. Teachers and students, as masters of universities, should establish a free, equal, harmonious, mutual-help, human-friendly intimate relationship and become partners in the pursuit of truth without violating principles. The establishment, consolidation and transmission of this relationship between teachers and students are not only the basic conditions for the brewing and production of university spirit, but also the fundamental guarantee for the enduring university spirit.