Jilin Chemical Fertilizer Plant is one of the 156 key projects aided by the former Soviet Union. Yang Jun presided over the construction of Jilin Chemical Fertilizer Plant 1 project. After in-depth investigation and repeated calculation, he found that this set of equipment imported from the former Soviet Union left a lot of room for design, the production technology was conservative and backward, there were many spare equipment, and it had the potential of public works. After research, Yang Jun proposed that the construction of chemical fertilizer plant should be carried out in three phases: 1 phase, the imported project will be built and put into operation, with an annual output of 50,000 tons of synthetic ammonia, 4,000 tons of methanol and 90,000 tons of ammonium nitrate. The annual production capacity of the fertilizer plant in the second phase project is12 ~140,000 tons of synthetic ammonia. The chemical fertilizer plant of the third phase project has an annual output of 220,000 tons of synthetic ammonia and 20,000 tons of methanol, which is equivalent to 240,000-250,000 tons of synthetic ammonia; On this basis, further technical transformation can achieve an annual output of 300,000 tons of synthetic ammonia.
From June 438 to September 57, Minister of Chemical Industry Peng Tao visited Jilin Province for inspection. Yang Jun reported to Peng Tao the idea of three-phase construction of the chemical fertilizer plant, and Peng Tao agreed. Then, under the organization of Yang Jun, the design and construction of the second phase expansion of the chemical fertilizer plant began. In this work, Yang Jun's suggestion is: the small coke oxygen-enriched continuous gasification process is adopted in the gas-making section, which can not only use the small coke produced by Jilin Calcium Carbide Factory as raw material, but also improve the quality of raw gas and increase the output; In the copper washing section, cuprammonium acetate solution was used instead of cuprammonium carbonate solution designed by the former Soviet Union to remove trace carbon monoxide from the feed gas. Due to the improvement of the quality of synthetic ammonia feed gas, two refining towers were reduced, saving the expansion investment; Platinum-iron-chromium two-stage catalyst was used to replace platinum mesh catalyst in nitric acid production to reduce platinum consumption. Non-metallic acid-resistant materials were used in nitric acid absorption tower, instead of stainless steel which was scarce at that time. After expanding the capacity of ammonium nitrate prilling tower to tap the potential, the production capacity of two waste prilling towers with an annual output of 90,000 tons of ammonium nitrate designed by the former Soviet Union was increased, and the annual output of 450,000 tons of ammonium nitrate could be met only by increasing 1.
Thanks to the implementation of Yang Jun's suggestion, the expansion of the chemical fertilizer plant is going smoothly. From 1957 to 1962, the second phase expansion is completed. The annual production capacity of main products is:120,000 tons of synthetic ammonia, 240,000 tons of ammonium nitrate and 20,000 tons of methanol. From 1963 to 1966, the third phase of expansion was completed. The annual production capacity of main products is: 220,000 tons of synthetic ammonia, 450,000 tons of ammonium nitrate and 20,000 tons of methanol. Later, at the end of 1966, the annual production capacity of main products was: the actual production capacity of synthetic ammonia reached 300,000 tons, and that of ammonium nitrate reached 530,000 tons. Jilin Chemical Fertilizer Plant has become the largest synthetic ammonia plant with coal as raw material in China, and the ammonium nitrate chemical fertilizer produced has strongly supported agricultural development.
1958, Yang Jun's earlier proposal to form three chemical plants in Jilin into a 1 joint venture was approved by the Ministry of Chemical Industry, and Jilin Chemical Company was established. Yang Jun is the deputy manager, chief engineer and acting manager. At this time, Yang Jun not only paid special attention to the expansion project of Jilin Chemical Fertilizer Plant, but also provided more chemical fertilizer products for the country and supporting raw materials for the company. He also made a new plan for the dye factory and calcium carbide factory owned by the company after they were completed and put into operation, so that the two factories could play the role of comprehensive utilization and joint operation.
For the calcium carbide plant, Yang Jun suggested that it should be turned into an organic chemical product plant with calcium carbide and acetylene as raw materials. At the suggestion and organization of Yang Jun, the planning and design of the expansion project of calcium carbide plant began. First, expand the production capacity of calcium carbide, and add a 1 closed calcium carbide furnace based on the 1 calcium carbide furnace designed by the former Soviet Union with an annual output of 60,000 tons of calcium carbide; Acetaldehyde, acetic acid, acetic anhydride, acrylonitrile, butanol and octanol are produced by calcium carbide and acetylene; Accordingly, an electrolytic salt making device is added to produce vinyl chloride, polyvinyl chloride, trichloroethylene and other products. By 1966, Jilin Calcium Carbide Factory has become the largest calcium carbide acetylene chemical plant in China.
For dye factories, the former Soviet Union designed and produced ice dyes, vat dyes and related intermediates. In order to meet the needs of the development of textile industry, Yang Jun proposed to increase the varieties of vat grey M, vat brown BR, vat olive green B, vat violet 2L and vat khaki 2G. At that time, the company didn't know the production technology of these dyes, so Yang Jun organized the personnel of relevant factories and research and design departments of the company to develop them successfully. By 1966, the product variety of dye factory has increased to more than 40 kinds, including 20 new dyes.
During this period, in order to cooperate with the country in developing chemical products needed for atomic bombs, missiles and scientific satellites, according to the decision of the Ministry of Chemical Industry, from 1958 to 1966, Yang Jun also organized the scientific research, design and production departments of the company to jointly develop a number of military chemical products. In order to improve the level of science and technology, Jilin Institute of Chemical Design and Research and Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology were established at the initiative of Yang Jun. In this way, Jilin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. has gradually built a large-scale coal chemical joint venture with one industry as the mainstay, diversified operations, comprehensive utilization and joint operations. 1964 1 Premier Zhou Enlai asked Yang Jun some technical questions about chemical production during his inspection in Jihua Company, and Yang Jun answered them one by one. Premier Zhou Enlai expressed satisfaction with this and praised him as a person who used dialectics to talk about chemistry.
1in may, 965, Yang Junfeng was transferred to the position of deputy manager and chief engineer of chemical raw materials industrial company of the Ministry of chemical industry. During this period, he did a lot of work, among which he made outstanding achievements in organizing synthetic rubber research.
Rubber is an important material, which is necessary to produce rubber products such as tires, hoses and tapes. In 1960s, 80% of the rubber used in China was natural rubber, and the remaining 20% was synthetic rubber, most of which was imported from abroad. In order to solve the shortage of raw rubber for rubber products industry in China, Yang Jun proposed to organize domestic scientific research, design and production forces to research, develop and tackle key problems of synthetic rubber such as cis-butadiene rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber, isoprene rubber and butyl rubber, which was supported by the Ministry of Chemical Industry and the State Science and Technology Commission and included in the national plan. A leading group for tackling key problems, with Zhang, deputy director of the State Science and Technology Commission, as the chief commander and deputy chief commander, was set up to organize relevant units to carry out research, development and tackling key problems.
At that time, cis-polybutadiene rubber had been tested in Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Industry, Taiyuan Institute of Combustion Chemical Industry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Industry and Jinzhou No.6 Petroleum Plant. After technical comparison between hydrogenated gasoline and benzene, the leading group decided to use hydrogenated gasoline as polymerization solvent, and built a 1000 ton cis-butadiene rubber test device in Jinzhou No.6 Petroleum Plant, focusing on solving engineering problems. On this basis, in 197 1 year, Shengli Chemical Plant of Beijing Petrochemical General Factory built a cis-butadiene rubber production plant with an annual output of10.5 million tons. After start-up, the main problems existing in the production plant are short continuous operation time, and there are also problems such as "one blockage (pipeline is easy to block), two hanging (reactants are hung on the reactor wall, which is difficult to eliminate), three pollution (large sewage discharge) and four quality (product quality can not meet the requirements)". Under the leadership of the Ministry of Fuel Chemical Industry, Yang Jun organized the Scientific Research and Design Department of Beijing Petrochemical Complex, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Technology, Taiyuan Institute of Fuel Chemical Industry, Jinzhou No.6 Petroleum Plant, No.1 Design Institute of the Ministry of Chemical Industry, Lanzhou Research Institute of Chemical Company, Beijing Design Institute of the Ministry of Petroleum, Dalian University of Technology, Tianjin University and Zhejiang University to tackle key problems. After nearly two years' efforts, the above problems were solved, and the car was started again on 1974, with a running cycle of 240 days, which was close to the international advanced level. The product quality has reached the level of similar products abroad. By 1976, the production capacity of the production unit reached and exceeded the design capacity, and the annual output reached 60,000 tons after the supply of raw material butadiene was sufficient. The research achievement of cis-polybutadiene rubber won the National Science and Technology Conference Award 1978 and the National Science and Technology Progress Special Award 1985. Products are exported to the United States, France, Japan, Italy, the Federal Republic of Germany and other countries and regions, enjoying a high reputation internationally.
From 1970 to 1978, during his work in Beijing Petrochemical Complex (later renamed Yanshan Petrochemical Company), Yang Jun focused on building an ethylene plant with an annual output of 300,000 tons, which made outstanding contributions to the development of petrochemical industry.
China's petrochemical construction began to study in the late 1950s and early 1960s. With the help of the former Soviet Union, a small petrochemical plant was built, but the development speed was slow. The main reason is the difficulty of oil supply, and the road of "turning oil into tail" is taken, that is, using refinery tail gas to produce chemical products, which is small in scale and lacks competitiveness. After China developed Daqing Oilfield in 196 1, the oil problem has changed greatly. Yang Jun put forward the following opinions from 197 1 after years of investigation at home and abroad: to develop China's petrochemical industry, it is necessary to build large petrochemical plants; In order to build a large petrochemical plant, it is necessary to solve the problem of raw material route. Yang Jun thinks it is more advantageous to use light diesel oil as raw material. At that time, no factory in the world used light diesel oil (cut to 370℃) as raw material in a large ethylene plant, and only Japan conducted experiments in a cracking furnace. Yang Jun analyzed the data at home and abroad, and found that the reason why light diesel oil is not used as raw material to produce ethylene in foreign countries is that the content of light components in foreign petroleum is high, and it is more reasonable to use naphtha (the fraction before 200℃) as raw material in technology and economy. However, China has a high content of petroleum heavy components. If naphtha was used as raw material, the quantity could not meet the needs of petrochemical development, and China was unable to import naphtha at that time. Therefore, light diesel oil must be used as raw material to build large-scale ethylene plants in China. Although there are some risks in its cracking technology, the problem is not serious. Yang Jun also studied other issues in depth, and thought that at the beginning of petrochemical plant construction, there should not be too many varieties of supporting products to facilitate management. It is also believed that advanced technology should be introduced from abroad first, but not at home when conditions permit, so as to ensure advanced technology and reduce foreign exchange expenditure.
Based on the above analysis and thinking, Yang Jun formally proposed to build a set of production equipment, process and main equipment with an annual output of 300,000 tons of ethylene from abroad, and obtained the approval of the superior. 1972 in may, in order to strengthen the planning and management of China petrochemical development, Yang Jun made a five-month field trip to Japan, which increased his confidence in building a large-scale ethylene plant in China. At the same time, the analysis and test of China crude oil samples by foreign companies prove that the production of ethylene from light diesel oil is technically feasible and economically reasonable. At the end of 1972, relevant departments of China signed a contract with Japan to import 300,000 tons of ethylene plant.
1In June, 973, the State Council officially approved the expansion project of Beijing Petrochemical Complex, and started the "Tetraene" (ethylene, butadiene, polypropylene and high-pressure polyethylene) project with the introduction of an ethylene plant with an annual output of 300,000 tons as the center. With the joint efforts of more than 30,000 builders, the first phase expansion project was completed in only 27 months, which became a successful example of building a large-scale imported ethylene plant in China and made China's petrochemical technology take a powerful step to the world advanced level. Because China's large-scale ethylene plant with light diesel oil as raw material was the first in the world at that time, its successful commissioning had a great impact on the world. Seize this successful experience, China has successively introduced and built several sets of ethylene plants with an annual output of 300,000 tons using light diesel oil, such as Nanjing Yangzi, Shanghai Jinshan and Shandong Qilu, which has made China petrochemical industry develop rapidly.
Yang Jun not only attaches importance to decision-making, but also attaches importance to technical support for implementing decision-making. To this end, he has done a series of technical work and management work, especially focusing on team building and improving the quality of employees, thus ensuring the success of the start-up of the "Tetraene" device. In the second year of "Tetraene" plant's successful production, namely 1977, Beijing General Petrochemical Works achieved good benefits of industrial output value exceeding 2 billion yuan and paid-in profit exceeding 10 billion yuan.
From 65438 to March 0978, Yang Jun was transferred to the State Science and Technology Commission and served as deputy director, director and deputy director of the Science and Technology Commission. As always, Yang Jun kept in touch with the masses, made investigations and studies, was good at thinking and was brave in innovation, and made various contributions to strengthening the macro-management of national science and technology.
In order to accelerate the development of China's computer industry, under the leadership of Fang Yi, director of the State Science and Technology Commission, we have made preliminary work with Yan and other computer experts. First, it is suggested to develop the application of microcomputer. From 65438 to 0979, 500 microcomputers were approved for import, which played a very good role in scientific calculation, industrial control, management and teaching, and played a leading role in the development and formation of the Great Wall series microcomputer industry. Second, many computer professional training courses were held in Tianjin and Hong Kong, which made a group of leading cadres of ministries and commissions improve their understanding of the importance of popularizing and applying computers, trained a group of technical backbones of microcomputer application and development, arranged the construction of computer professional teaching bases in Hunan, Wuhan and Beijing, and organized information research institutes and software centers. Third, a number of local computing centers have been arranged and built, which has played an important role in improving the level of computer application in China.
Yang Jun attaches great importance to organizing scientific and technological research around projects that have a significant impact on the country's economic development, and combining these research with imported technology. In terms of industry, under the leadership of Fang Yi, major scientific and technological key projects such as comprehensive utilization of three original mines in Jinchuan, Sichuan, Panzhihua and Baotou in Inner Mongolia, preparation for the construction of the Three Gorges Project, comprehensive utilization of petrochemical industry, coal gasification and liquefaction, low-temperature nuclear heating reactor, new energy, 10,000-door program-controlled exchange system, 4380 coaxial carrier, 1800 microwave and optical cable communication system were organized and implemented. In agriculture, major scientific and technological research work has been organized, such as the comprehensive development and utilization of mountainous areas and beaches, the development of Sanjiang Plain, and the development of Poyang Lake. In 198 1 year, according to the instructions of the leaders of the State Council, Yang Jun and Hua Lin, deputy director of the State Planning Commission, organized experts in oil refining and chemical industry. After investigation, analysis and calculation of 1 year and a half, they carried out catalytic cracking of atmospheric residue, separation and comprehensive utilization of C5 in cracked gas, modification and application of plastics and petrochemical catalysts, and oxidative dehydrogenation of butene.
Yang Jun attaches great importance to promoting scientific and technological progress in rural areas. He is one of the advocates of "Spark Plan". 1983, when he presided over the conference on mountain development, he clearly put forward the opinions of science and technology entering mountains, developing mountains and revitalizing mountains, pointing out that mountain development needs less input and more output; The development of poverty-stricken areas should change from "blood transfusion" to "hematopoiesis"; Emphasize the popularization of "applicable" technology and "humble" technology (hereinafter referred to as "short, flat and fast" technology); Cultivate a large number of local rural scientific and technological talents. His idea made preliminary preparations for the later "Spark Plan".
1985 with the remarkable progress in rural economic system reform and rural science and technology work in China, Yang Jun, Song Jian, director of the State Science and Technology Commission, and Wu Mingyu, deputy director of the State Science and Technology Commission, put forward the grand idea of "Spark Plan", aiming at igniting the "Spark of Science and Technology" in the vast rural areas of China, guiding 800 million farmers to revitalize agriculture and township enterprises by relying on science and technology, promoting rural development and improving farmers' lives. Spark plan was approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council. Under the unified leadership of the State Science and Technology Commission, Yang Jun is responsible for organizing the implementation of the Spark Plan. He proposed to build township enterprises with an annual output value of more than 654.38 billion yuan and towns with an annual output value of more than 654.38 billion yuan; During the "Seventh Five-Year Plan" period, 500 demonstration enterprises were established to promote the Spark Plan, 1 10,000 rural educated youth and management personnel were trained, and 1 10,000 sets of practical technical equipment were developed; Create and promote a number of "Spark Plan" secret storage areas and tapes; In order to implement the "Spark Plan", we will develop science and technology loans from domestic banks and soft and hard loans from the World Bank. After extensive implementation, Spark Plan has made remarkable achievements. For example, during the Seventh Five-Year Plan period, more than 20,000 spark projects were implemented, of which more than 65.438+0.4 million were completed, with a cumulative output value of 30 billion yuan. Implementing the "Spark Plan" is a pioneering work. Gradually and widely implemented in rural areas year after year. It has embarked on a new road to guide the combination of science and technology and economy, and has become an important part of China's science and technology plan and national economic plan.
Yang Jun has also done a lot of work in formulating and perfecting China's science and technology award system. Since the implementation of 1985 "People's Republic of China (PRC) science and technology progress award regulations", he has been the organizer and leader of the evaluation and has made remarkable achievements. 1987, at the suggestion of Yang Jun, the State Council officially approved the establishment of the "National Spark Award", and he served as the chairman of the jury. After several years of work, the "National Spark Award" has formed a relatively complete system.
Yang Jun, together with other leaders of the State Science and Technology Commission, the State Planning Commission and the former State Economic Commission, organized a large number of scientific and technical personnel to formulate the key points of China's technical policy in the fields of energy, materials, transportation, communication, agriculture, information and so on 14, which was approved and implemented by the State Council.
Yang Jun has worked in the fields of chemical industry and science and technology management for decades. His foresight, dialectical thinking, striving for perfection and perseverance embody the demeanor of China chemical experts and set a good example for the younger generation.