(2) Enterprises or business units newly established by university graduates in consulting industry, information industry and technical service industry shall be exempted from enterprise income tax for two years with the approval of tax authorities; Newly established enterprises or business units engaged in transportation, post and telecommunications shall be exempted from enterprise income tax in the first year with the approval of the tax authorities, and the enterprise income tax shall be reduced by half in the second year; Newly established enterprises or business units engaged in public utilities, commerce, materials industry, foreign trade industry, tourism, logistics industry, warehousing industry, residents' service industry, catering industry, educational and cultural undertakings and health undertakings shall be exempted from enterprise income tax for one year with the approval of the tax authorities.
(3) Commercial banks, joint-stock banks, city commercial banks and qualified urban credit cooperatives in various countries should provide small loans for graduates who start their own businesses, simplify procedures and facilitate account opening and settlement. The loan amount is about 20,000 yuan. The longest loan period is two years. If it is determined that an extension is needed due, you can apply for an extension once. The loan interest is determined according to the loan interest rate published by the People's Bank of China. The maximum amount of guarantee is 5 times of the guarantee fund, and the term is the same as the loan term.
(four) the personnel intermediary service institutions affiliated to the personnel administrative department of the government shall keep personnel files (including social security, professional titles, file wages and other related procedures) for 2 years for self-employed graduates; Provide free information on the supply and demand of talents and labor force, and publish free recruitment advertisements and other services; To participate in talent fairs or talent service exchange activities, appropriate fee reduction; Provide training and evaluation services for entrepreneurial employees.
The above preferential policies are formulated by the state for all self-employed college students. In order to support local college students' entrepreneurship, local governments have also issued relevant policies and regulations, which are more detailed and closer to reality. Knowing these preferential policies will make college students feel the support of the state and government and strengthen their determination to start a business.
College students are enthusiastic about starting a business, but the success rate of starting a business is obviously low due to lack of experience, ability and consciousness deviation. In this regard, Xu Benliang, a college student entrepreneurship guidance expert and president of Shanghai Entrepreneurship Education and Training Center, believes that college students must have the following hardware to start a business:
Hardware 1:
Reserve of entrepreneurial knowledge; It is easy for college students to fall into the misunderstanding of being too arrogant and too theoretical. Because of staying on campus for a long time, I lack understanding of society, especially in market development and enterprise operation. Therefore, college students should be fully prepared before starting a business. On the one hand, we should rely on working or internship in enterprises to accumulate relevant management and marketing experience; On the other hand, by participating in entrepreneurship training, accumulating entrepreneurial knowledge, receiving professional guidance, charging yourself and improving the success rate of entrepreneurship.
Hardware 2:
Fund preparation; You can't make a silk purse out of a sow's ear. Nearly half of college students think that "capital is a roadblock to entrepreneurship". Without funds, even the best ideas can hardly be transformed into realistic productivity. Before you get the funds, you must first know how much money you need, how to get the funds, and how the funds come from. Entrepreneurs must have a certain business philosophy, whether to choose debt as the source of funds or equity as the source of funds, and what you choose to protect your investors. These basic problems will determine the success of the initial stage of entrepreneurship. College students should broaden their thinking and raise funds through multiple channels. In addition to traditional channels such as bank loans, self-raised funds and private loans, we can also make full use of financing channels such as venture capital and venture capital.
Hardware 3:
Technology and benefits; Exchanging intelligence for capital is a characteristic way for college students to start their own businesses. Some venture capitalists are often willing to fund their business plans just because they take a fancy to the advanced technology mastered by college students. Therefore, college students who intend to start businesses in high-tech fields must pay attention to their skills.
Hardware 4:
Personal ability; Entrepreneurship is a process from simple to complex. For example, if you lack judgment on the market at the beginning, you should start with a simple market and accumulate experience. College students are technically outstanding, but their abilities in financial management, marketing, communication and management are generally insufficient, and they are not familiar with the "rules of the game". If entrepreneurs want to succeed in starting a business, they should not only have strong execution ability (perseverance and persistence), but also have basic business ability.
Although there are unlimited business opportunities in today's entrepreneurial market, it is not "bending down to pick up the wealth on the ground" for college entrepreneurs with limited funds, abilities and experience. In this case, college students can only find the right place to start their own businesses according to their own characteristics, and then they can break into a new world that really suits them.
Direction 1:
College students who are at the forefront of high technology have the advantage of getting the moon first in this field. The success of college students' entrepreneurial enterprises such as Netease and Tencent is due to the technological advantages of entrepreneurs. But not all college students are suitable for starting businesses in high-tech fields. Generally speaking, college students with profound technical skills and outstanding academic achievements have the hope of success. College students who are interested in starting a business in this field can actively participate in various entrepreneurial competitions and get opportunities to stand out in order to attract venture capital.
Recommended business opportunities:
Software development, network services, game development, etc.
Direction 2: The field of intellectual services In the field of intellectual services, college students can start businesses with ease, and intelligence is the first capital for college students to start businesses. For example, in the field of family education, it is very suitable for college students to start businesses, especially those majoring in normal universities. On the one hand, family education is a traditional channel for college students to work and study, and has accumulated rich experience; On the other hand, college students can make full use of the educational resources of colleges and universities and find the "first bucket of gold" more easily. This kind of intellectual service entrepreneurship project has low cost, and a desk can be opened with a phone.
Recommended business opportunities:
Tutor, tutor agency, design studio, translation firm, etc.
Direction 3:
According to the survey of Franchise Chain, in the same business field, the success rate of individual entrepreneurship is less than 20%, while those who join in entrepreneurship are as high as 80%. For college students with limited entrepreneurial resources, with the help of the brand, technology, marketing and equipment advantages of franchise chains, they can start businesses with less investment and lower threshold. However, franchise chain is not "zero risk". In the mixed market, college students are inexperienced, so they should pay more attention to avoiding risks when choosing joining projects. Generally speaking, college entrepreneurs have weak financial strength and are suitable for joining projects with low start-up capital and low staffing requirements, and it is appropriate to start with small business; In addition, it is best to choose a mature brand that has been operating for more than 5 years and has more than 10 franchise stores.