Museum buildings are simple and elegant, with unique features. It closely combines the classical palace architecture and courtyard architecture in China, with harmonious colors. To thank you? Thumb? Chen? What's the matter with you? A faded shell? br/>；
The museum collects cultural relics unearthed in Shaanxi 165438+3000 pieces (groups). The exhibition room covers an area of 1 100 square meters and is divided into seven parts: prehistoric, Zhou, Qin, Han, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties, Song, Yuan and Ming and Qing Dynasties. The images are displayed from 1 15 system. In the history of China, 1 1 dynasties established their capitals in Shaanxi, which lasted for more than 1000 years. It is the region with the most dynasties and the longest capital in China. Therefore, from a certain point of view, the ancient history of Shaanxi is the condensation of the history of China.
● Features: Shaanxi Provincial Museum combines the architectural styles of ancient palaces and courtyards in China. It is elegant and dignified, simple and elegant, with coordinated layout and magnificent momentum, which embodies the national style and local characteristics. The museum is equipped with central air conditioning, multifunctional lighting system, computer management system and central control system. It has a modern cultural relic warehouse and a lecture hall with multilingual simultaneous interpretation. Gold-inlaid jade bracelet
● The architectural modeling of Shaanxi History Museum inherits the magnificent, elegant and dignified style of the Tang Dynasty, draws lessons from the layout form of traditional palaces in China, which is "symmetrical axis, orderly master and slave, and the four corners of nave worship the building". At the same time, it uses modern advanced technology to organically combine the classical architectural style in the prosperous Tang Dynasty with the functional requirements of modern museums, which not only maintains the ancient style, but also has modern characteristics. The roof adopts the gray-green glazed tile prevailing in the Tang Dynasty, which looks luxurious and solemn, simple and elegant. The walls are imitation asbestos bricks, and the doors and windows are large brown glass and aluminum alloy frames. The museum is equipped with a fully enclosed central air conditioning system that can control temperature and humidity, a multifunctional lighting system, an automatic fire prevention and anti-theft system and a computer control and management system. There is a cultural relics protection science and technology center, with advanced cultural relics protection and restoration laboratories and testing technologies and means. In order to strengthen cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries, a computer-controlled library with 300,000 books and an international academic lecture hall with simultaneous interpretation in six languages have been built. In addition, there are well-equipped cultural relics libraries, reference rooms and shopping centers.
● Collection: There are 370,000 unearthed cultural relics in Shaanxi. Visitors can enjoy the historical relics of Shaanxi from prehistoric times, from 1 1500 years ago to the Zhou, Qin, Han, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties in AD 1840.
● Structure: The exhibition hall has a total area of 1 1 ,000 square meters, which is divided into three parts: basic exhibition, special exhibition and temporary exhibition, among which Shaanxi ancient history exhibition, Shaanxi rare bronze ware exhibition, Shaanxi pottery woman essence exhibition and Tang tomb mural exhibition are the most interesting.
● Walking into the museum hall, huge photos show people the roaring Yellow River and the endless Loess Plateau. This is the geographical environment that gave birth to Shaanxi's history and culture. The history of Shaanxi is the history of civilization in the Yellow Land. The giant lion standing in the middle of the hall with its head held high is a symbol of this civilization. It is magnificent in shape, surging in momentum, exquisite in stone carving and magnificent in spirit, and can be called "the first lion in the East". This stone lion comes from Shunling of Yang, the mother of Wu Zetian, the only female emperor in China history. China's ancient lion and lion sculpture art was introduced from Afghanistan. The romantic strangeness of Central Asia and the profound and perfect integration of East Asia reflect the tone of Shaanxi's history and culture. The exhibition line near 1500m consists of three parts: basic exhibition, special exhibition and temporary exhibition. The basic exhibition located on the upper and lower floors of the museum brings together the essence of cultural relics unearthed in Shaanxi. More than 3,000 rare treasures on display were carefully selected from hundreds of thousands of cultural relics unearthed in Shaanxi. Many precious cultural relics were first made public here, divided into seven parts: prehistoric, Zhou, Qin, Han, Wei and Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. The image shows systematically from 1 150 years ago to 6500 AD.
Wadang (Suzaku), the four gods of Han Dynasty, unearthed from Chang 'an site in Shaanxi Province, has a diameter of 15.8 cm and a side width of 2 cm. Suzaku's mouth is full of pearls, which is even more majestic and sacred. Now it is in Shaanxi History Museum. be transferred to a new job
2. Guide words of Shaanxi History Museum Now let's visit Shaanxi History Museum.
The museum was officially opened to the public on June 20th. 199 1. It is the largest and most advanced national history museum in China.
It covers an area of about 70,000 square meters and has a building area of 56,000 square meters. The exhibition area is 1 1 ,000 square meters, and there are 370,000 pieces in the museum. This museum was built in accordance with the wishes of Premier Zhou Enlai.
That was 1973. When Premier Zhou Enlai visited Shaanxi, he felt that Shaanxi was rich in cultural relics on the ground and underground, and the existing museums were small and crude, and he put forward the instructions for building new museums in Shaanxi. Later, the State Planning Commission and Shaanxi Province jointly invested 654.38+0.44 billion yuan to build this art hall.
The design of the museum was undertaken by Ms. Zhang Jinqiu, a close disciple of Mr. Liang Sicheng, a famous architect in China. The appearance of the building imitates the Tang style, showing the elegance of the prosperous Tang Dynasty and embodying the demeanor of modern people.
The layout draws lessons from the structural features of traditional buildings in China, such as "symmetry axis, master-slave order, central hall and heavy buildings with four corners", which highlights simplicity and dignity. It also creates an atmosphere that combines the imperial palace with traditional gardens, symbolizing the long history and splendid culture of China.
The exhibition of Shaanxi History Museum can be divided into three parts: basic exhibition, special exhibition and temporary exhibition. Today we are going to visit the basic exhibition, that is, the permanent exhibition.
For the ancient history of Shaanxi. It systematically shows the development process of Shaanxi from Lantian ape-man to Opium War, highlighting the prosperous times of feudal society such as Zhou, Qin, Han and Tang dynasties and Shaanxi's important position in the history of China.
Now we come to the preface hall. The preface here is not words, but three huge photos: the roaring Yellow River and the endless Loess Plateau, which not only has the natural environment on which ancient Shaanxi people lived, but also is the premise and foundation for the birth, emergence and continuous development of Shaanxi history and culture.
Behind these two photos is a huge photo of the tomb of Xuanyuan Emperor, the earliest ancestor of the Chinese nation, marking the beginning of ancient Shaanxi civilization and Chinese civilization. These wordless sequences composed of photos, through the broad and vigorous scenes, symbolize the profoundness and long history of Shaanxi history and culture, as well as the humanistic traditional spirit with world influence.
Now you can see the giant lion in the center of the hall, which was originally located in front of Shunling, the mother of Empress Wu Zetian Yang in the Tang Dynasty. We can see that it is beautifully carved and magnificent, and it can be called "the first lion in the East".
The ancient lion and stone lion art in China was introduced from Afghanistan. Therefore, this stone lion is not only a reflection of Shaanxi's history and culture, but also a product of the blending of eastern and western cultures.
The first section of Shaanxi ancient history is prehistory, which spans about 1 15000 BC to 2 1 century BC. Every section of this period has made great discoveries, and the cultural peak is connected end to end year after year and occupies a prominent position in the country.
The first thing you see is the head of Lantian ape-man She was found in Gongwangling, Lantian County on 1964. She is a woman in her thirties.
Lantian ape-man was about 1 15000 years ago and was the earliest homo erectus in northern Asia. About 200,000 years ago, mankind had developed to the stage of Homo sapiens.
Dali people in Shaanxi are one of them. About 8000 years ago, mankind has entered the Neolithic Age. Laoguantai culture is the earliest known Neolithic cultural relic in Shaanxi Province.
There are three important signs to distinguish the Neolithic age: first, they learned to make pottery; Second, they settled down and had primitive agriculture; Third, there are grinded stone tools. Yangshao culture is a stage of Neolithic development.
This cultural relic was first discovered in 192 1 Yangshao Village, Mianchi County, Henan Province, hence the name. It is also called "painted pottery culture" because a large number of painted pottery have been found in this kind of cultural remains.
Banpo site is an important part of Yangshao culture and a prosperous stage of matriarchal clan commune. Later, with the development of social economy, men replaced women and took the leading position in society.
Mankind has entered the period of paternal society. Longshan culture is a typical culture in patriarchal commune period.
This culture was first discovered in Longshan Town, Zhangqiu County, Shandong Province in 1928, hence the name. Longshan culture is also called "gray pottery culture" or "black pottery culture" because of the discovery of a large number of gray pottery.
After the Longshan culture, the history of China entered the legendary era, that is, the period of military democracy in history. The Yellow Emperor was an outstanding leader in this period and was honored as the ancestor of the Chinese nation.
Every time we go to Tomb-Sweeping Day, Chinese people at home and abroad come to the Mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor to find their roots and ask for their ancestors, identify with Chinese culture, and patriotism sublimates here, thus generating strong cohesion and centripetal force. After the Yellow Emperor, three outstanding leaders appeared in human history, namely Yao, Shun and Yu.
Later, Qi, the son of Dayu, established the Xia Dynasty. In this way, China entered the period of slavery dynasty.
The political center of Xia Dynasty was in Henan, and the occurrence, development and prosperity of Zhou people were mainly in Shaanxi. In fact, Zhou people experienced three different stages of development: Zhou people, Zhou people and Western Zhou people.
The cultural relic we see now is called Ding, which is a bronze ware of the Western Zhou Dynasty in the heyday of the slavery dynasty. Bronze refers to the alloy of copper and tin, so it is named because of its bluish gray color.
As for the tripod, it was originally a cooker, that is, cook the meat's pot. Later, with the strengthening of the ritual and music system, Ding gradually became a symbol of power and rank. Legend has it that Yu Xia once ruled Jiuding and represented Kyushu in the world as a symbol of political power.
In the future, it will be called "Dingding" to win the world. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Chu Zhuangwang, one of the five tyrants, sent envoys to inquire about the importance of Jiuding in the Zhou Dynasty, and later "winning the championship" became synonymous with attempting to usurp political power.
The idioms we are talking about now are all related to this cultural relic. Ding Can is generally divided into dome and square roof.
Domes are usually bulging, with ears and three feet. The whole shape gives people a sense of stability and strength. So people use the lion's chest and tiger's feet to describe it.
The idiom "famous all over the world" and "three-legged" reflect its modeling characteristics on the other hand. Decorations on bronzes are an important part of bronze art research, and also an important part of China art history, which reflects people at that time to some extent.
3. Who can write me an introduction of Shaanxi History Museum? According to Premier Zhou's last wish, Shaanxi History Museum started construction on 1983 and was completed and opened on June 20th. This large-scale modern national museum, which marks the highest development level of China's museum industry in 1990s, has become one of the landmark buildings in Xi 'an with its majestic imitation of Tang Dynasty architecture, rich and exquisite collections and magnificent historical display. Shaanxi History Museum, as the first large-scale modern museum in China, represents the highest level of development of China Museum in 1990s in terms of architectural function, display protection technology and cultural relics collection facilities. Its completion and opening is considered as a symbol of the modernization of China Museum and a milestone in the development of China Museum.
The Shaanxi History Museum basically displays the Ancient History of Shaanxi, which divides the ancient history of Shaanxi into seven stages: prehistory, Zhou, Qin, Han, Wei and Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. More than 2,000 most representative cultural relics are selected from the collection, focusing on Zhou, Qin, Han and Tang Dynasties, covering an area of 6,000 square meters and a length of more than 2,000 meters. Among them, it reveals the rich connotation of historical relics and the profound civilization achievements of the Chinese nation from many angles and sides, and at the same time forms their own complementarity and complementarity.
Shaanxi History Museum receives more than 600,000 tourists every year. Since its opening 20 years ago, it has received tens of millions of tourists from home and abroad. As an important window to show the ancient civilizations of Shaanxi and China, Shaanxi History Museum warmly welcomes tourists from all over the world. With the support of National Cultural Heritage Administration and Shaanxi Province and higher authorities, it has held nearly 40 exhibitions in more than a dozen countries and regions such as Japan, South Korea, the United States, Britain, France, Australia, New Zealand, Mexico and Brazil. Many exhibitions caused a great sensation in the local area, and set off "China fever" to varying degrees, which built a bridge for us to communicate with people from different countries, different nationalities, different languages and different colors, truly realized the world's understanding of Shaanxi, made Shaanxi go global, and made contributions to promoting the splendid Chinese civilization. Through the exhibition and exchange of cultural relics, Shaanxi History Museum has established close exchanges and cooperation with many famous museums, art galleries and research institutions in the world, and further established its important position in the world museums.
The collection of Shaanxi History Museum is of great significance not only for micro and macro archaeological research, but also for understanding China's traditional culture and evaluating its position in the world cultural history. Since its opening, Shaanxi History Museum has made full use of this advantage and held large-scale international academic conferences such as the Western Zhou Dynasty History Seminar, the Tang Tomb Mural Seminar and the Qin and Han Dynasties History Seminar. Its academic level and status have been widely recognized by academic circles at home and abroad, and it is regarded as one of the important information exchange centers for the study of Zhou, Qin, Han and Tang Dynasties.
4. Cultural Relics of Shaanxi History Museum: Description of the Golden Monster 1957 unearthed in Gaotu Village, Nalin, Shenmu County, Shaanxi Province. Length 1 1, height 1 1.5cm, 160g. Eagle-billed beast, with big earring eyes, two horns and four forks, embossed with eagle-billed monster with vertical earring eyes. The tail is also the head of a monster. The body and limbs are decorated with embossed moire patterns, and the neck and chest are decorated with thin wire bristles.
This work is roughly in the shape of a deer, but it has a hook like an eagle, which does not exist in nature. This golden monster has obvious cultural characteristics of Huns, and it is considered that only the "king" senior aristocrats among Huns can use it, which shows its lofty status. However, what does it mean to make a monster that looks like four? Some studies believe that it may be a mythical beast in Xiongnu folklore to rescue Xiongnu ancestors. In order to commemorate it, the Huns made its statue of gold and put it in the supreme position.
5. Shaanxi History Museum. I study in Ann, because I often go to study, so I know Shaanxi Bo very well. Let me introduce you.
Shaanxi History Museum is a very large-scale national museum. Premier Wen visited Ann last year. It has three exhibition halls and seven themes, from prehistoric times to the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Qin Dynasty to the Han, Wei, Southern and Northern Dynasties, and then to Shaanxi after the Sui and Tang Dynasties (namely the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties).
Thousands of cultural relics, including national treasures 18, and many national first-and second-class cultural relics.
At present, Shaanxi World Expo Park has been open to visitors free of charge. You just need to queue up to buy tickets. However, during the Spring Festival, people may suggest going to Xi 'an earlier. When queuing outside in cold weather, pay attention to put on more clothes to keep warm. It will be warm when you go in. Remember to bring your ID card or other valid documents when buying tickets.
In addition, there is now a special exhibition in Shaanxi Bo. The fare seems to be 30 yuan, and the cultural relics on display are also very valuable (because they are charged ~), including the treasures of the town hall. If you think the fare is good, I suggest you go and have a look.
The explanation cost of Shaanxi Expo is 100 yuan. If it's expensive, you can ask if there are any volunteers (there are usually signs on your chest). Their explanation is free. College students are all majoring in archaeology or history, and some of them speak very well.
That's all. I hope it helps you. Happy spring festival!
6. Poems about Museums Here are two related poems for your reference:
Visit Shaanxi History Museum (2 poems)
One stop Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses
Don't be six countries, just be Qin.
I don't know how to intrigue, I only know how to move forward bravely.
Don't write failure, just pursue success.
A born revolutionary is always a powerful man.
Integrate into a strong team
This is Ma Benteng from the front.
This is unstoppable smoke.
Li Jing Museum is lonely.
Still indomitable spirit.
Is an inviolable god.
His eyes shone menacingly.
His armor is still hard after thousands of years.
He came to you seriously.
Behind him is the clear sky in Wan Li, Qin Dynasty.
A person propped up the first emperor and propped up Qin.
The ruthlessness that supported two thousand years.
Supported the first peak of the Han people.
High-spirited Terracotta Warriors in A Qin
Stride to the present, to us.
Show a man who will never fall.
The spirit of a country and a nation
Shaanxi Provincial Museum of History
The weather in Qin and Han dynasties will break through the solid walls.
Few people come to visit.
The information of Sui and Tang Dynasties will flood the minds of China people.
There are few things on display.
This museum shows the bravery and courage of grave robbers.
The diligence of archaeologists
Show the development of tourism and
Scholars devote themselves to research.
Show the immortal memory of the hero.
And the original humble antiques.
Show things and show your imagination.
Show the details of a country.
Show the quiet reproduction of a nation.
In fact, all history is contemporary history.
In the time tunnel, I can
See hundreds of years ago today.
Thousands of years later.
After a noble blue exquisite porcelain plate
Avoid the unknown
There's not a trace.
As if it never existed.
7. After visiting Shaanxi History Museum, get off, opposite Shaanxi History Museum. This is an antique building, quite elegant in the Tang Dynasty. It is orderly, patchwork, majestic and solemn, which makes people shine.
Following the team into the museum, the first thing you see is a huge stone lion howling in the sky, guarding the towering museum faithfully like a burly guard. The first thing we want to visit is the special exhibition "Legacy of Datang".
It is reported that these precious cultural relics were found in a capital construction site in hejia village, a southern suburb of Xi. Here, although we only appreciate a small part of the unearthed cultural relics, the cultural relics are exquisite; The exquisite craftsmanship is amazing.
The whole exhibition is divided into two parts. We first saw the "Yurun Huaguang" exhibition area, which mainly displays jade, precious stones and other fine products, many of which are rare treasures at home and abroad.
Among them, the most surprising thing is the treasure of the town hall, the "Golden Animal Head Agate Cup", which I can often find in books at home. The crystal clear agate shines with mysterious elegance.
I've always hoped to see the real thing one day. Under such an accidental opportunity, I was really flattered to see its "real body".
The second "Brilliant Gold and Silver" shows the superb skills of Tang craftsmen; There are dozens of silver cakes and collars, as well as inscriptions and calligraphy records carved by people in the Tang Dynasty, which have left important information for future generations to study the history of the Tang Dynasty. Not only that, but also many exotic handicrafts and exotic coins brought by the Silk Road.
It embodies the exchange and development of nationalities in the Tang Dynasty, and also embodies the characteristics of opening to the outside world in the Tang Dynasty. Then, we visited the main exhibition hall.
Xi has been the imperial capital since ancient times, and thirteen feudal dynasties have established their capitals here in history. The same is true of the exhibition hall in the museum, which mainly displays exquisite cultural relics from Zhou, Qin, Han and Tang dynasties. There are mainly painted pottery reflecting the life scenes and artistic pursuits of ancient ancestors, bronzes, bronze swords and terracotta warriors and horses appearing in the Western Zhou Dynasty, cultural relics of great ethnic integration, religious relics of Buddhism spreading eastward, as well as gold and silver vessels and three colors of the Tang Dynasty, which are refreshing.
Shaanxi History Museum is really an art hall that displays the history and culture of Shaanxi and the ancient civilization of China.