Meaning: Alas, sigh that our life is only a short moment. This sentence comes from Su Shi, a writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. This poem describes what the author and his friends saw and felt when they were boating in Chibi on a moonlit night. Taking the author's subjective feelings as clues, through the question-and-answer form between subject and object, it reflects the author's happiness in boating on a moonlit night, to the sadness of recalling the past and hurting the present, and then to the philosophy of spiritual liberation.

The original text of Red Cliff Fu is autumn, and in July, perilla and guests are boating under the Red Cliff. The breeze blows gently and the water can't reach the surface. Raise a glass to propose a toast to one's companions, recite articles related to the moon, and sing praises to chapters. Not long after, the moon rose from Dongshan and hovered between the Big Dipper and the cow. Milky white fog across the river, clear water. Let the boat float on the boundless river and cross the boundless river. Vast as the wind in Feng Xu, I don't know where it ends; Floating like an independent world, feathering into a fairy.

At this time, he was very happy to drink, slapping the ship's rail with his hand and singing. The song says: "Gui Gui is like a blue paddle, striking the sky and tracing the streamer. I am pregnant, and I hope that beauty is on one side. " Guests have oral sex and rely on songs to make peace. Its voice is full of resentment, longing, crying and complaining, and the lingering sound is endless. It can make the dragon dance in the deep valley and make the widow in the lonely boat cry.

Perilla was very sad and sat in danger and asked the guest, "What is it?" The guest said, "The moon stars are rare, and blackbirds fly south. Isn't this a poem by Cao Mengde? Looking at Xiakou in the west and Wuchang in the east, the mountains and rivers are misty and gloomy. Isn't this because Meng Zhizhi was trapped in Zhou Lang? Fang Qi broke Jingzhou and went down to Jiangling, downstream to the east. He was thousands of miles long, wearing a flag, drinking wine and singing poems across the river, and became a hero in the world. Now, where is he? My son and I are fishing on the river, making friends with fish, shrimp and elk, keeping a boat and keeping bottles for each other. It's a drop in the ocean to send a mayfly into the earth. Mourn a moment in my life and admire the infinity of the Yangtze River. Fly with the flying fairy, hold the bright moon, and grow up. I know that it is impossible to get it suddenly, but I hate Taiwan. "

Perilla said, "Do you know my husband's water and the moon? The deceased is like this, but he has never been there; If you are full of emptiness, the dead will not ebb and flow. Gai must view it from its changers, then heaven and earth can't be in an instant; If you look at it from its unchangeable point of view, then things are infinite to me, so why envy them! Besides, between heaven and earth, everything has its own owner, not mine, so I will take it for nothing. However, the breeze on the river and the bright moon in the mountains are empty to the ear and beautiful when they meet. They are inexhaustible and inexhaustible treasures of the creator. My son and I are suitable. "

So the companion smiled happily, wiped the cup clean again and poured it again. All the vegetables and fruits have been eaten, leaving only the cups on the table in a mess. Sleeping on the boat, hugging each other, I know the horizon has turned white.

In autumn in Ren Xu, on July 16, my friends and I went boating under Chibi. The breeze blows gently, but the waves are quiet. Raise a glass to the other half, and recite the chapter "My My Fair Lady" in the bright moon. In a short time, the bright moon rises from the back of Dongshan Mountain and slowly walks between Dousu and Niusu. White fog streaked across the river and covered the sky. Indulge a reed-like boat to float freely and cross the endless river. Just like walking in the air with the wind, I don't know where I will stop. It's like I'm going to leave this world to fly, I'm going to become an immortal and enter a fairyland.

At this time, I am very happy to drink, knock on the boat and sing. The song sings: "laurel wooden boats and vanilla paddles are flapping clear waves in the moonlight and going upstream on the moonlight water." My feelings are far away, looking at the beautiful scenery, but on the other side of the sky. "

There are also guests who can play the flute, accompanied by the rhythm of the song. The sound of the flute is like mourning, like hope, like weeping, like complaining, and the lingering sound echoes on the river like silk. Can make the dragon in the deep valley dance for it, can make the widow in the lonely boat cry for it.

I also looked sad, adjusted my skirt and sat up straight, asking the guest, "Why is the flute so sad?"

The guest replied: "The moon stars are rare, and birds fly south." Isn't this a poem by Cao Gong and Meng De? From here, you can see Xiakou in the west and Wuchang in the east. The mountains and rivers are contiguous, and at first glance, it is gloomy.

Isn't that where Cao Mengde was besieged by Zhou Yu? At the beginning, Jingzhou was captured, Jiangling was captured, and it went down the Yangtze River. His warships are connected end to end, stretching for thousands of miles, with flags covering the sky. Facing the great river, he poured wine and recited poems with a spear. He used to be a contemporary hero, but where is he now? Besides, you and I are fishing and chopping wood in a small continent in the middle of the river, with fish and shrimp as partners and elk as friends. We are driving this boat on the river, raising cups and toasting each other, just like a mayfly in the vast world, as small as a millet in the sea.

Alas, sighing that our life is only a short moment, we can't help but envy the endless Yangtze River. I want to travel around the world hand in hand with the gods and embrace the bright moon forever. Knowing that these can't be realized after all, I have to turn my regret into a flute and entrust it to the sad autumn wind. "

I asked, "Do you know this water and the moon? The passage of time is like this water, but it has not really passed away; When the circle disappears, just like this month, there is no increase or decrease after all. It can be seen that from the changeable side of things, everything between heaven and earth is constantly changing, even stopping in the blink of an eye; From the unchangeable side of things, everything is eternal to us, so what is there to envy?

Besides, between heaven and earth, everything has its own master, and if it is not what it should be, it will not even get a penny. Only the breeze on the river and the bright moon in the mountains become sounds when they are heard, and all kinds of colors are drawn when they enter the eyes. No one will forbid you to get these things, and there will be no worries about feelings. This is an inexhaustible treasure given by nature, and I can enjoy it with you. "

The guest smiled happily, washed the glass and filled it again. All the vegetables and fruits have been eaten, and the cups and plates are in a mess. Everyone slept on the boat with pillows on each other, and before you know it, there was a white dawn in the East.

Ren Xu (rén xū): Yuan Feng is five years old, and his age is Ren Xu. In ancient times, the year of dry was Ren Xunian.

2. Hope: Lunar 16th. The fifteenth day of each month in the lunar calendar is "looking at the sun" and the sixteenth day is "looking at the sun".

3. Xu: Take your time.

4. Xing: Get up.

5. Genus (zhǔ): Pour wine, which means to persuade wine.

6. Poems of the Bright Moon: refer to The Book of Songs, Chen Feng and The Bright Moon Comes Out.

7. Shao Yan: It's been a while.

8. Bullfighting: the names of the constellations, namely Dou Su (Southern Dou) and Niu Su.

9. White dew: white water vapor. Hengjiang: Cross the river.

10, "A reed in the vertical direction": Let the boat float on the wide river. Vertical, whatever. Reed is like a boat. The Book of Songs Feng Wei He Guang: "Who is He Guang, a Hang Wei (Sailing)?" Like going. Ling, cross. A vast river. At a loss, broad-minded.

1 1, feng (píng) virtual wind: fly and travel by the wind. Feng Xu rose out of thin air. Feng, preach "multiply" and multiply. People's Education Edition senior high school Chinese textbook has been changed to "You", but the original text should be "Feng". Virtual, space. Control. control.

12, Legacy: Leaving this world.

13, eclosion: It is said that immortals can soar like wings. Dengxian: Dengxian Wonderland.

14. Grab the edge (xián): beat the ship's side, which means beat the time.

15, Guiqiu (zhào) blue paddle: Guishu paddles, and Lanmu paddles.

16, empty: clear color reflected by the moon. Back: Upstream. Streamer: the moonlight shining on the water waves.

17, Meng Meng: distant appearance.

18, beauty: a metaphor for a beautiful ideal or a good king.

19, leaning on the song: according to the tone and beat of the song. Harmony: consistent correspondence, harmony.

20, resentment: sadness. Mu: Attachment.

2 1, reverberation: end. Ni O: It describes a melodious and long sound.

22.wisp: filament.

23, deep valley: deep valley, here refers to the abyss. The dragon hidden in the abyss dances for it.

24. Li's wife: widow.

25. (Qi O) Ran: Appearance color changes.

26, sitting in danger: finishing clothes and sitting (seriously).

27. What's this? Why is the flute so sad?

28. Xiakou: The old city is in Wuchang, Hubei Province.

29. Wuchang: Sun Yicheng County, Hubei Province today.

30. Miao (liáo): Crossing "dazzling" and coiling.

3 12, depression: lush appearance.

32. Meng De's dilemma: It refers to the 13th year of Jian 'an of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty (208), when Wu defeated Zhou Yu in Battle of Red Cliffs and Cao Cao claimed to be an army of 800,000. Zhou Lang and Zhou Yu were corps commanders at the age of 24, and Wuzhong people were called Zhou Lang.

33. Three sentences in "Fang Qi" refer to the 13th year of Jian 'an, when Liu Cong led his troops to surrender to Cao Cao and Cao Jun occupied Jingzhou and Jiangling without fighting. Party, when. Jingzhou governs eight counties, including Nanyang, Jiangxia and Changsha, and now belongs to Hunan and Hubei. Jiangling, then the capital of Jingzhou, is now the name of Hubei County.

34.zhú lú: The warships are connected in front and back, which means warships here.

35.(shρ) wine: filtering wine, here refers to pouring wine.

36.shuò: Hold the spear horizontally. A spear.

37. Couple: Take ... Take ... Take ... Elk: A kind of deer.

38. Piā n boat: small boat.

39. bottles (páo): wine vessels made of gourds. Well, gourd. Respect and respect are the same.

40. delivery: accommodation. Mayfly: A kind of ephemeral insect. This sentence is a metaphor for the brevity of life.

4 1, Miao: small. The sea: the sea. This sentence means that human beings are extremely small between heaven and earth.

42. For an instant, describe the brevity of life.

43. Long ending: As for forever.

445, suddenly: suddenly, very easy.

45. Aftersound: Aftersound refers to the sound of the flute. Very Thai: Autumn wind.

46. The deceased is like this: the sea has changed like this river.

47. surplus and deficiency: refers to the circle of the moon.

48. pawn: finally. Fluctuation: increase or decrease.

49. Zeng (zēng) can't: One fixed phrases is not enough. Even once ... blink: blink of an eye.

50. yes: this one. Creator: heaven and earth are natural. Hide: an endless treasure.

5 1, comfort: enjoyment.

52. Vegetable core: vegetables and fruits.

53. Pillows: Rely on each other.

Appreciation of "Red Cliff Fu" This poem leads to the description of the dialogue between subject and object through boating and drinking poems on a moonlit night. It not only expresses the feelings of mourning the past and hurting the present from the guest's mouth, but also hears the unshakable feelings from the words of Perilla. The whole work is full of profound emotion and profound reason, which is really a masterpiece in prose.

Quan Fu embodies its unique artistic conception in layout and structural arrangement, with deep feelings and profound thoughts. It has a high literary position in the history of China literature and has a great influence on later Fu, prose and poetry.

This paper not only retains the characteristics and charm of traditional poetry, but also absorbs the style and techniques of prose, breaking the shackles of the duality of sentence pattern and rhythm, and is more composed of prose, so that the article has both the profound charm of poetry and the penetrating power of prose. The style of prose makes the whole article feel depressed, such as "a thousand springs gushing"

Different from Fu's emphasis on duality, it is relatively more free. For example, at the beginning of the paragraph, "Autumn is endless, July is looking forward to it, perilla and the guests are boating under the red cliff", and the whole article is full of loose sentences, which means sorting out. From the following to the end of the article, most of them rhyme, but the rhyme changes quickly, and the rhyme changes often in a paragraph, which makes this article especially suitable for reading, and the rhyme is very beautiful, which embodies the advantages of rhyme.

The creation background of Fu on the Red Wall is Su Shi's relegation to Huangzhou, which is one of the most difficult periods in his life. In the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), Su Shi was accused of slandering the imperial court for writing a poem "Xie Shangbiao in Huzhou". He was impeached by Yushi, accused of slandering the imperial court, and was arrested and imprisoned. History is called "Wutai Poetry Case".

After being tortured, he was rescued by many parties and released in that year1February. He was demoted to Huangzhou Youth League Training Assistant, but he was not allowed to sign official business and go to the resettlement house. This is undoubtedly a "semi-prisoner" controlled life. In the fifth year of Yuanfeng, Su Shi visited Chibi twice in July 16 and 10/5, and wrote two poems about Chibi. Later generations called the first poem "Red Cliff Fu" and the second poem "Back Red Cliff Fu".

The author of "Red Cliff Fu" introduces Su Shi, whose word is Zizhan, whose word is Zhonghezhong, whose name is Dongpo Jushi, and who is from Meishan, Meizhou (now Sichuan). Son of Su Xun. Jiayou years (1056- 1063), Jinshi. He wrote a letter about the disadvantages of Wang Anshi's new law, and later he was sent to Yushitai prison and demoted to Huangzhou for satirizing the new law with poetry.

Song Zhezong, a bachelor of Hanlin, is a native of Yingzhou, and is an official of the Ministry of Rites. Later, he was exiled to Huizhou and Danzhou. There are benefits everywhere. Chasing Wen Zhong after death. Knowledgeable, like to reward backwardness. Together with his father Su Xun and his brother Su Zhe, he was called "Su San". His prose is arbitrary, and he is one of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties".

His poems have a wide range of themes, are fresh and healthy, are good at using exaggerated metaphors and have a unique style. Also known as "Su Huang" with Huang Tingjian. Bold words, and Xin Qiji called "Su Xin". He is also engaged in painting and calligraphy. There are Seven Chapters of Dongpo, Dongpo Yi Zhuan, Dongpo Shu Zhuan, Dongpo Yuefu and so on.

References:

1, Chongxian College. Catalogue of Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties: Huangshan Bookstore.

2. Li Huaizhi. Reading China Classics: Xi Jiaotong University Press

3. Zhang Wuwei Literary Appreciation: Communication University of China Press

4. Wei Selected Works of China Ancient Literature: Henan People's Publishing House.

5. Shu lujing. Appreciation of China Classical Literature: Anhui Literature and Art Publishing House

6. Li Hongbo. Appreciation of Tourism Literature: Tourism Education Press.