I don't like reading, especially those thick books. I don't want to read it after reading a few pages. However, now in college, I have to charge myself by myself, so I can only force myself to watch. Recently, the teacher asked us to read some ancient textbooks. I read "University", and I feel knowledgeable after reading it. The sentence "I am proud of my books" should be answered. These books not only have a far-reaching influence on ancient literati, but also have high value in our society today.
The Great Learning and The Doctrine of the Mean are two books in The Book of Rites, but they are published separately today, which shows their unique value. The proposition that "the way of university is to be virtuous" put forward in "University" was praised by Cao Xueqin, the author of A Dream of Red Mansions. The ideological methods of "discipline", "knowledge", "integrity", "self-cultivation" and "governing the country and leveling the world" emphasize the importance of personal cultivation; Among them, the exposition that "more people live, less people eat, more people are sick, and people who use them are comfortable, then wealth is enough" embodies the author's advanced economic thought and deserves our good experience. Therefore, those who named it "University", as Zheng Xuan said, "Remember their erudition and you can become politicians".
The following is my feeling of reading "University".
University was originally an article in the Book of Rites. It was written in the late Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and was written shortly after Qin unified the whole country. It is an integral part of Confucian classics in China, which refers to profound and extensive knowledge about politics and philosophy. According to Confucius and Mencius' thought of "benevolent governance", The University expounded the theory of "ruling the country and leveling the world" of the new landlord class. This paper puts forward three basic principles (three schemes) and eight method steps (eight sequences). The "three cardinal guides" are "showing virtue", "cultivating people" and "stopping at perfection". "University" thinks that people are born with noble "Ming De". After China's entry into WTO, "Mingde" has been overshadowed, and it is necessary to carry forward Mingde again through the education of "the way of university" to achieve the realm of moral perfection. Specifically, it is to achieve eight goals: discipline, knowledge, honesty, honesty, self-cultivation, keeping the family in order, governing the country and leveling the world. Among the eight goals, "self-cultivation" is fundamental and key. The first four goals are the method of "self-cultivation"; The last four eyes are the purpose of "self-cultivation".
One of the words I agree with most in the book is "Things are known later, knowing later is sincere, honesty later is correct, mind later is repaired, body later is repaired, family later governs the country, and country later governs the world." By exploring and understanding the truth, enriching knowledge and handling things honestly, people's attitude towards things will be objective, people's thoughts will be correct, their behavior will be good, their families will be purified, the country will be well governed and the world will be peaceful. If we all do this, it will be great, and the world can be peaceful, which is the common aspiration of people all over the world. What we should all do in the book is: "Filial parents are born with respect, enjoy raising them, worry about their illness, lose them, and sacrifice them severely." When you are filial to your parents, you should respect them and make them happy. We should show anxiety when our parents are ill. We should be very sad after their death. When we worship our parents, we should be serious. This is filial piety. If everyone can do these two sentences, then everyone has rich knowledge, noble character and correct attitude, then the family will be prosperous, the country will be strong, the country will be very friendly and the world will be peaceful. How wonderful! I hope our tomorrow will be better!
"The way of university is to be well-known, close to the people and stop at perfection." This is the sentence in the first chapter of the classical poem "University". The principle of "university" is to make people's virtues manifest, to make people in the world old and new, and to make people reach the best ideal state. Reading is naturally not for governing the country or politics, and it may be too much to say that it is close to the people. The ancient university refers to the study of a gentleman and being a gentleman. As for people, I'm afraid people or students have long forgotten what benevolence is. Of course, I admit that I have never seriously considered what benevolence means. After reading the book University, I didn't learn much philosophy from it, but learned a mentality of dealing with the world. Being close to the people and being the best-the way of university emphasizes not only people's moral practice, but also the application of personal moral cultivation in social and political practice, which is a process of pushing oneself and others. Being close to the people, in the final analysis, is to apply one's moral cultivation to the people all over the world, so that they can realize the integrity and honesty in their hearts. "Don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you", "Be strict with yourself and be lenient with others", and create a harmonious society in order to achieve the so-called "stop at perfection" in the way of university.
"University" summarizes the mode of realizing lofty ideals and aspirations in one's life, namely, "cultivate one's morality, keep one's family in order, govern the country and level the world". "The so-called self-cultivation lies in the right mind", which means that the key to improving one's moral cultivation is to correct one's mind (thought) first. "The so-called breadwinner", that is to say, the key to cure the family's illness is to cultivate their own moral character first. "The so-called rule of the country, you must first put your family in order", which means that the key to governing the country is to rule the family first. The so-called "ruling the country to level the world" means that to make the world peaceful, we must rule the country first. Therefore, putting "self-cultivation" in the first place is the first great knowledge in life.
"cultivate one's morality"
It is what we call "being a man". Only when a person learns to be a man first can he manage his family well, can he manage a country well, and can the world be at peace and the people live and work in peace. If a person doesn't learn to be a man and can't even manage his own affairs and family affairs well, then he is not qualified to be an official and govern the country, otherwise it will do harm to others and society. Therefore, if a person doesn't know how to be a man, then his life must be a failure in the end, no matter how knowledgeable and rich he is. The ancients said, "Official quality is character. Be an official first." . On the other hand, people who know how to be a man and have noble personality charm will always be remembered and studied. Therefore, the ancients said: "Wisdom is the capital of virtue; Virtue is a gifted teacher. "
"University" teaches us the truth of being a man. Be a man by example and be calm when dealing with others. The purpose of "university" is to carry forward the aboveboard moral character, make people abandon the old and establish the new, and make people reach the most satisfactory state. From the head of state to the common people, everyone should be self-cultivation-oriented. If this is disturbed, it is impossible for families, families, countries and the world to be well governed. We should prioritize our work, otherwise it will be bad to put the cart before the horse. ...
The short 2000-word "University" profoundly expounds the university problems of life and society and the highest realm of learning. Learning is not about a specific technology, and it is not limited to mundane trivial matters. Learning lies in distinguishing right from wrong in the world, promoting social progress and setting an example for people all over the world. "The gentleman moves and the world is the way of the world, the world is the way of the world, and the world is the way of the world."