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Datong University's "Patriotic Model"
Lack of funds is a common problem in education in the Republic of China. 1912-1916, the annual funding of public and private colleges and universities in China is only 5 million yuan, and some public schools can't get part of their salaries for long-term petitions. Beijing government "for more than ten years, national education went bankrupt, education funds failed to guarantee independence, and military expenditures were numerous, which often led to teaching fees." Strike to teach, from time to time. "

Datong College, as a private university in Shanghai, has neither the support of the government nor the assistance of big capitalists, and relies entirely on donations from more than a dozen intellectuals. In the early days of its establishment, Rieter Society constantly revised its articles of association to raise funds in order to maintain the expansion of school affairs.

The organization fee was donated by themselves, and all the money was 228 yuan. With this money, they rented several private houses as classrooms, the teaching AIDS were all improvised, and there were few books and instruments. Later, due to the epidemic, he moved to the dock Chen family to attend classes.

In order to accumulate funds and expand the scale of the school, Hu Dunfu, as the principal, ran around to raise funds; The members of Lida Society also agreed that teaching and working in Datong are free, and everyone's livelihood depends on taking classes outside. Not only that, they also volunteered to donate 20% of their remuneration to Datong to subsidize various expenses. Wu Zaiyuan once recalled: When the idea of founding Datong came into being, all the members knew each other and almost all thought they were crazy, so they made suggestions for each other. My colleagues think that if you can do more than enough, you won't suffer from insufficient expenditure. Therefore, it is agreed that everyone who lives with Hu Du will be assigned to our school and will not leave school for one year, even if they are hungry and cold. The teacher asks for nothing outside, and the salary is donated by the bank, so don't worry about the funding. All my colleagues are very generous and happy, but they are willing to serve the university for life. So whatever it is, save it.

A year later, Datong Academy added the tuition fees and the salaries donated by its members together, and with a certain amount of savings, it bought nine acres of land near Zhaozhou Road in the north of South Station Road and built its own school building. The first building, named "Nearby Building", was built to commemorate Lida Society, which was taken from the sentence "If you want to stand up, you should learn from others". The second building, named "Self-study Building", is to commemorate the contribution of President Hu Dunfu, and is taken from I Ching "No regrets, China will take the self-study exam"; The third building, named "Self-test Building", is a mathematician and meritorious minister who commemorates "Datong" and is taken from "If you jump into the deep, test yourself" in the Book of Changes. 19 14 In the summer, college students moved to their new address, 40 1 Nanzhan Road, for classes. For the construction and development of "Datong", these outstanding intellectuals, who should have a good life, have to live in a small house, wear our clothes, eat coarse soup, take the tram and live a poor life.

As of 3/KOOC-0/9/KOOC-0/day of July, 2006, among the five members of Lida Society/KOOC-0, 9 members donated more than RMB/KOOC-0/000, and only 3 sponsors donated less than RMB/KOOC-0/00. It can be seen that most members are very concerned about social affairs, especially Datong University. Among them, Hu Dunfu contributed the most, with a donation of over 10,000 yuan, accounting for 1/4 of the total. Secondly, Wu Zaiyuan has donated more than 5,500 yuan by this time. He has worked in Datong University for more than 20 years and has a hard life. He is poor and humble, and his home is surrounded by four walls. The wooden box is used as a table and salt as a food substitute, but he has classes every day and translates at night. He enjoyed it and hired it with a lot of money, but he also declined politely. Although Cao Huiqun is not the initiator, like Gu and Ping, he has donated more than 4,000 yuan so far. Zhang Jiyuan was as close as brothers, and the second semester started with Datong. They are forced by family planning and don't want to give up their obligations. So Ping taught in Datong and Zhang Jiyuan took care of it. In addition to donating to Datong, he also funded Pinglanhai according to his own ability, which is quite old. It can be said that these early members of Lida Society all devoted themselves to the development of Datong. Of course, members who later joined the club, such as Hu Mingfu, also donated a lot to Datong.

On the other hand, for the development of Datong, the members have lived a hard life for a long time. By 1935, four members, Gu, Hua, Wu Zaiyuan and later Hu Mingfu, died at an early age, which exhausted their efforts for the development of education in China. Their patriotism and concern for the people, their firm determination to run a school, their indomitable perseverance and their spirit of self-sacrifice are really admirable. With the further development of Datong, its social influence is increasing day by day, and social donations and government subsidies have become important sources of funds. Later, members of Rieter Society stopped donating money, and Datong became more and more independent.

1928 February 12, rieter society decided that the president of rieter society shall not be the president of rieter society, and the president shall not be the president of rieter society. Cao Huiqun and Zhu Xiang Wan are presidents of Datong Society and Lida Society respectively. The board of directors was established through the organizational outline of the school board. School directors to be appointed: Ma, Wu Zhihui, Hu, Zhang Lianru, Lu Bohong, Zhao Jinqing, Xu and Zhang Jusheng. The voting members are school directors: Ye Shangzhi, Ping, Zhu Xiangwan, Hua Yanyan and Wu Zaiyuan.

As an agency of society, the board of directors manages Datong, which legally defines the relationship between Datong and society, and Datong is managed by an independent board of directors. By the 1930 s, Datong's income was mainly composed of government grants, student contributions, social donations, rents, miscellaneous income and others.

The source of funds of Datong shows that the founder did not run Datong as a profitable organization or enterprise, but needed members to donate huge amounts of money to maintain its development. It can be seen that even in such an era of poverty and turmoil, a group of educators who are committed to education have improved the cultural quality of Chinese people through various channels and methods and made contributions to the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Therefore, Datong is also known as the "model of running a patriotic school".