First, the necessity and urgency of revising the two documents

The original guidelines and regulations were promulgated and implemented in 1989 and 1990 respectively. Historically, they have played an important role in maintaining the normal education and teaching order in colleges and universities and promoting the all-round development of students. But at the same time, the external environment and internal situation of education have undergone great historical changes in the past fifteen years.

First of all, the great development and changes in politics, economy, science and technology, culture and other aspects of the country have had a profound impact on the concept, system and system of education. Second, education has developed vigorously in recent years, and higher education has achieved a historic leap. At present, there are more than 20 million students enrolled in higher education in China, and the gross enrollment rate of higher education has reached 19%. The scale of running a university has doubled, the teaching reform has been deepened, and the talent training mode is flexible and diverse, which puts forward a new topic for the management of college students. Third, the characteristics of student groups are also changing. Contemporary college students are all post-80s generation. As summarized in the central document 16, the mainstream is positive, healthy and progressive, and its independence, selectivity, diversity and differences are increasing day by day. Some college students have some problems in varying degrees, such as vague ideals and beliefs, weak sense of honesty and social responsibility, weak spirit of hard work and lack of unity and cooperation, which presents new characteristics and laws for their education management. Fourthly, with the continuous improvement of the national legal system and the enhancement of citizens' awareness of rights protection, it poses new challenges to the management of college students. The original management concept, management mode and management method have not met the needs of the development and change of the situation. Therefore, the revision of the Regulations and Guidelines is an objective requirement of the development of the times, an urgent need to govern education according to law and promote the comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development of higher education, and an inevitable choice to achieve the requirements of education and training objectives in the new era.

Two, the new "Regulations" is mainly to modify the content and system innovation.

The new regulations follow the principle of "educating people, establishing rules according to law, standardizing management and strengthening supervision", and have been comprehensively revised according to the national education policy and higher education objectives in the new period and the education law, higher education law and other relevant laws and regulations. The draft has been revised dozens of times, and thousands of students, teachers and experts participated in drafting, revising and demonstrating. The main changes are as follows:

First, the new regulations embody the principle of education first and moral education first, strengthen the educational function of colleges and universities, and strengthen the role of ideal and belief education and moral quality norms in the adult development of college students. First of all, in the general provisions, it is added that "institutions of higher learning should focus on cultivating talents, follow the national education policy and laws, and constantly improve the quality of education;" Strive to train qualified socialist builders and reliable successors. In the general provisions, it is also added that students should "study hard in Deng Xiaoping Theory and Theory of Three Represents, and establish the * * * ideal and firm belief of taking the Socialism with Chinese characteristics road and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation under the leadership of the China * * Production Party; Establish the spirit of patriotism, with the spirit of unity, peace-loving, hard-working, brave and self-improvement. In the specific provisions, the specific requirements of students' moral behavior, such as "consciously observing civic morality, becoming a model of observing civic morality, and not participating in activities that damage the image of college students and social morality", have been added; The policy of encouraging students to serve the country and join the army has been added, and enlisted students can "retain their school status until one year after retirement".

Second, the new "Regulations" solidified the successful experience of education and teaching reform in recent years, and encouraged and guided colleges and universities to establish and implement new management systems that are conducive to talent growth, such as credit system, major and minor system, and cross-school learning system. For example, in view of the teaching reform experience of interdisciplinary training of compound talents in some schools in recent years and the management reform experience of inter-school teaching resources in some schools, it is added that "students can apply for minor in other majors or choose other majors according to the relevant regulations of the school, and those who meet the minor conditions of this major will be issued with minor certificates", and "students can take elective courses across schools according to inter-school agreements" is added. The course scores (credits) studied in other schools will be recognized after being audited by our school.

Third, the new regulations have established a series of new rules for running schools according to law and safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of students.

The first is to clarify the rights and obligations of students. The new "Regulations" added a special chapter on students' rights and obligations, clarified the six rights and obligations of students to receive education, enhanced the legal awareness of schools and students, and clarified the code of conduct for correctly exercising rights and fulfilling obligations according to law.

Second, the treatment and punishment standards for students are clearer and clearer. The new "Regulations" abolished the punishment provisions with unclear legal basis or uncertain behavior characteristics, and replaced them with legal standards, discipline standards, academic standards and disease standards with clear legal basis or clear behavior characteristics. For example, the provisions of "extremely bad conduct and moral corruption" as the grounds for expulsion from school were abolished, and the contents of "violation of state laws constitutes a criminal offence" and "violation of public security management regulations with bad nature" were added. These regulations will help to reduce the randomness, uncertainty and unpredictability of school disciplinary behavior.

Third, students' disciplinary procedures are more standardized. The new "Regulations" implement the principle of due process, stipulating that schools must abide by the authority, conditions, time limit and procedural obligations such as notification and delivery when making management actions involving students' rights and interests. For example, it is stipulated that "the school's punishment of students should be due process, sufficient evidence, clear basis, accurate qualitative and appropriate punishment", "the decision to expel students from school must be studied and decided by the president's meeting" and "the school should make a disciplinary decision on students", and the disciplinary decision to expel students from school should be reported to the provincial education administrative department where the school is located for the record. "

Fourth, establish a student rights relief system. In order to maintain the teaching order and educational environment, the school has the right to punish the educated who cannot violate the school rules. However, if the punishment is inaccurate or improper, it will infringe on the legitimate rights and interests of the educated. In this regard, the new "Regulations" increase students' rights of statement, defend oneself and appeal, which embodies the spirit of the rule of law in the management of college students without relief. For example, it is stipulated that "schools should listen to the statements and defenses of students or their agents before making disciplinary decisions on students", "schools should set up student complaint handling committees to accept students' complaints about dropping out of school or violating disciplines" and "student complaint handling committees should review the complaints made by students, and make a review conclusion and inform the complainants within 15 working days from the date of receiving the written complaints". "Students who have objections to the review decision may file a written complaint with the provincial education administrative department where the school is located within 15 working days from the date of receiving the review decision from the school", and "the provincial education administrative department will handle and answer the complainant's question within 30 working days from the date of receiving the written complaint from the students". These rules are of great significance for protecting the legitimate rights and interests of students. These new regulations also limit the discretion of school management to some extent.

Fifth, the special provisions inconsistent with the current national basic laws have been abolished. For example, in the original "Regulations", "If a student marries privately during school and fails to go through the formalities of dropping out of school, it shall be treated as dropping out of school", and whether a student can get married shall be implemented according to the National Marriage Law and the Marriage Registration Regulations.

In addition, the new "Regulations" embodies a more "people-oriented" spirit, and cancels the stipulation that "students are not allowed to apply for other colleges and universities during the period of retaining admission qualifications, retaining their school status and dropping out of school"; Rewrite "mental illness and epilepsy must drop out of school" to "those who can't continue their studies in school due to illness should drop out of school", and change "no academic certificate" to "with learning certificate" and so on.

Fourth, the new Regulations further strengthen the transformation of government functions and expand the autonomy of running schools according to law.

On the basis of clarifying the functions, responsibilities and autonomy of school management, the new regulations give universities a number of autonomy centered on the autonomy of teaching management, and give them the management space to innovate the management system according to the level, type and characteristics of running schools, so as to better stimulate students' learning vitality and passion. To sum up, five places are directly defined as "school regulations" and 13 places are defined as "implemented according to school regulations". Main aspects of decentralization:

First, authorize colleges and universities to determine students' study years independently, and clearly put forward that "students can complete their studies in stages." The longest period for students to study at school (including suspension from school) shall be stipulated by the school "; The second is to authorize colleges and universities to independently determine specific learning standards and performance evaluation methods, and clearly put forward that "the requirements for students' courses or prescribed grades in the semester and academic year, as well as the requirements for re-examination, promotion, skipping, repetition and demotion, shall be stipulated by the school" and "the assessment and performance evaluation methods, and whether the courses that fail the assessment are re-examined or re-examined shall be stipulated by the school"; Third, universities are authorized to decide the adjustment of students' majors independently, and the state no longer makes specific provisions on students changing majors; Fourth, authorize universities to manage their student status independently. The state no longer stipulates the specific conditions and procedures for students to drop out of school, and clearly puts forward that "students can drop out of school if they apply for it or the school thinks it necessary." The number and duration of suspension from school shall be stipulated by the school.

At the same time of decentralization, the new "Regulations" also established a system to strengthen the supervision of the government and students on school power. The management right of a school is a public right. While the law gives schools full autonomy, they should also be included in the scope of supervision by the managed and the government. To this end, the new "Regulations" require schools to announce the student management regulations to students in a timely manner and file them with the education authorities; Provincial education administrative departments no longer have the right to formulate first-level management regulations, but should perform the duties of guiding, inspecting and supervising the management of college students according to the new regulations.

Fifth, the new "Regulations" have strengthened relevant management in view of the outstanding problems existing at present.

In view of the repeated prohibition of cheating in exams, provisions are made that cheating or plagiarism in exams, copying other people's research results can be expelled from school, and the types of cheating and expulsion from school are refined. In a certain sense, academic integrity is the moral bottom line of college students and the foundation of their adulthood. Under the current situation that the whole society strengthens civic moral education, the moral norms of college students' honesty must be strict; Increase "those who fail to pay tuition fees according to school regulations will not be registered"; "Students who use computer networks shall abide by the regulations of the state and schools on network use, and shall not log on to illegal websites or spread harmful information" and "shall not participate in illegal pyramid schemes"; Students should abide by the school's regulations on student accommodation management "; It is not allowed to transfer from "the next batch of colleges and universities to the last batch of colleges and universities, and from low academic level to high academic level"; In view of the irregular enrollment and academic certificate management in colleges and universities, the requirements that "schools should fill in and issue academic certificates and degree certificates in strict accordance with the school-running type and learning form determined at the time of enrollment" and "schools should implement the electronic registration management system for higher education academic certificates" have been added.

Three. Principles and main contents of the revision of the code

The roles of "standards" and "regulations" in student management are different and complementary. "Norms" are the basic principles that college students should follow, and they advocate and demand students' ideological level, with the emphasis on students' autonomy and self-discipline. "Regulation" is to guide and standardize students' behavior, focusing on self-discipline and heteronomy. According to the national education policy and the functions that the Code should have, we have determined the revision principles of the Code and made corresponding revisions.

The first is directionality. The original "Code" is only limited to the behavioral requirements of students in their daily lives, and there is no behavioral requirement for ideals and beliefs. According to the spirit of the Central Committee 16, the new "Guidelines" clearly put forward the requirements of ideals and beliefs such as "aiming high and having firm beliefs".

The second is the times. It fully reflects the requirements of national political, economic and social development for college students in the new period. For example, the new code puts forward the requirements of "enhancing social responsibility", "actively practicing and being brave in innovation", "correctly exercising rights and fulfilling obligations according to law", "using the Internet in a civilized way", "loving life and caring for nature" and "consciously resisting pornography, gambling and drugs".

The third is pertinence. In view of the outstanding weaknesses of contemporary college students, the requirements are put forward. For example, put forward learning requirements such as "inspiring talents", "seeking truth and advocating science", "being rigorous and realistic" and "cherishing time and achieving academic success"; Put forward moral requirements such as "keeping promises, integrating knowledge with practice" and "observing academic ethics"; Put forward the requirements of self-respect, self-examination, self-discipline, openness, tolerance, healthy progress, tempering will and not being afraid of setbacks. Targeting is also reflected in the progress requirements of college students, which is different from that of middle school students. The requirements of "don't waste water, electricity and food", "pay attention to hygiene" and "care for flowers and trees" in the original code were cancelled, and replaced by requirements of "cherish the achievements of others and social labor", "clean appearance" and "care for the environment and cherish resources".

The fourth is subjectivity. The behavior subject of the Code is students, so the wording angle of the Code is adjusted, and the external requirements such as "no" and "important" in the original Code are cancelled.

The fifth is simplicity. The number of entries is reduced, which is easy to read and remember. There are eight articles in the new "Guidelines", and each article summarizes all the meanings of the items with the first eight words.

Four, take the implementation of the "Regulations" as an opportunity to promote the construction and management level of modern student management system in colleges and universities in China to a new level.

On the basis of reasonable inheritance, the new "Regulations" not only has the characteristics of the times, innovation, legitimacy and standardization of institutional innovation, but also embodies the overall trend of scientific, legal, humanized and personalized modern student management, and also reflects the concern and ardent expectations of the party, the state and all walks of life for college students. It is not only the basis of college student management in China for a long time to come, but also a new starting point for the innovation of college student management system in China. The process of implementing the new regulations is a process of establishing new ideas, establishing new systems and forming a new order in the field of student management, and a process of deepening reform and strengthening the construction of student management system. Therefore, we should conscientiously and solidly implement the new "Regulations", so that the understanding, system, team and supervision are in place, namely:

1, the implementation of the new "Regulations" is related to the vital interests of thousands of students in Qian Qian, which is a major event in the next stage of school work. Local education administrative departments and colleges and universities should attach great importance to it and seriously organize study and implementation.

2. Colleges and universities should correctly understand and grasp the spirit and requirements of the Regulations. Systematically clean up the previous regulations and comprehensively revise and improve the new school student management rules and regulations.

3. Training courses should be held step by step, and the student management team in colleges and universities should participate in systematic training to improve the awareness and level of scientific management, legal management and service management.

4, education administrative departments at all levels should accurately perform their duties, and earnestly strengthen the guidance and supervision of the management of college students in the region.

5. After the promulgation of the new "Regulations", we will organize various media and websites to comprehensively publicize the main contents, background, process and significance of the new "Regulations" through policy interpretation, news interviews and reports, so that more people can understand the relevant provisions of the new "Regulations".

Dear friends in the press, for a long time, the management of college students has been warmly concerned, understood and supported by everyone. I hope you will continue to care for and support us, promote the promulgation and implementation of the new regulations, push the management of college students to a new level, and create a good public opinion environment for ensuring the healthy growth of a new generation of college students.

Thank you!

Written record

[Wang Xuming]: Good morning, journalists! Welcome to the fourth press conference of our Ministry of Education this year, which is also the first press conference we have held since the two sessions. After a short separation, we are very happy to meet again in the Golden Hall of the Ministry of Education. 〔09:22〕

[Wang Xuming]: We haven't met each other during this time, but I have seen the media's discussion on education is very enthusiastic, and the issue of educational equity is the focus of media discussion. So when it comes to educational equity, I think you neglected some very important factors when discussing this issue. For example, educational equity is a concept of development, and educational equity is a relative concept. At the same time, we should also see that our country and government have done a lot of work in promoting educational equity. For example, we have achieved two basics, and more than 85% of the population has received nine-year compulsory education. For example, the gross enrollment rate of our higher education, which was less than 1% in the early days of liberation, has now reached 19%, making more people accept our higher education. Of course, the fundamental way to promote education equity, as I emphasized before, is nothing more than two ways: First, under the guidance of Scientific Outlook on Development, coordinate the all-round development of education. Then, educational equity can only be realized in the development of education. The second way is to promote development through reform. By deepening the reform, we will reform the existing laws and regulations in China's education according to the new situation and new problems, so as to promote more people to achieve educational equity. Having said that, we will make a release on the perfection of the Regulations on the Management of Students in Colleges and Universities in China. 〔09:23〕

[Wang Xuming]: Present at today's conference are Lin Huiqing, Director of the Student Department of the Ministry of Education; Sun's position as director of the Legal Affairs Office of the Ministry of Education; Jiang Gang, Deputy Director of the Student Department of the Ministry of Education; Zhang Wen, deputy director of the Legal Affairs Office of the Ministry of Education; Zhang Haoming, Director of the Comprehensive Department of the Student Department of the Ministry of Education; Lu Xiaodong, Vice Minister of Educational Affairs of Peking University; And Zhang Yonghua, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies. We are here to explain the policy and answer questions. First of all, please invite Ms. Lin Huiqing to introduce the newly revised Regulations on Student Management in Colleges and Universities. 〔09:24〕

[Lin Huiqing]: Hello, friends from the press! First of all, we are very grateful for your long-term support and concern for the student management in our college. In order to implement the strategy of ruling the country by law and strengthening the country with talents, further adapt to and deepen the reform and development of higher education, and meet the demand for high-level talents for building a well-off society in an all-round way and building a harmonious socialist society in China. Today, the minister ordered the first. 2 1, signed by Minister Zhou Ji of the Ministry of Education, issued a new management order of the Regulations on the Management of Students in Colleges and Universities. At the same time, the Ministry of Education's "Code of Conduct for Colleges and Universities" provides new regulations for the management of graduate students, undergraduates, junior college students and students receiving general higher education. The management of adult higher education students shall be implemented by reference. Below I will mainly introduce the drafting and revision of the guide from four aspects. 〔09:25〕

Lin Huiqing: First of all, introduce the necessity and urgency of the revision. The original guidelines and regulations were promulgated and implemented in 1989 and 1990 respectively. Historically, they have played an important role in maintaining the normal education and teaching order in colleges and universities and promoting the all-round development of students. But at the same time, the external environment and internal conditions of education have undergone great historical changes in the past fifteen years. 〔09:25〕

Lin Huiqing: First of all, the great development and changes in politics, economy, science and technology, culture and other aspects of the country have had a profound impact on the concept, system and system of education. Second, education has developed vigorously in recent years, and higher education has achieved a historic leap. At present, there are more than 20 million students enrolled in higher education in China, and the gross enrollment rate of higher education has reached 19%. The scale of running a university has doubled, the teaching reform has been deepened, and the talent training mode is flexible and diverse, which puts forward a new topic for the management of college students. 〔09:26〕

[Lin Huiqing]: Third, the characteristics of student groups are also changing. Contemporary college students are all post-80s generation. As summarized in the central document 16, the mainstream is positive and healthy, while autonomy, selectivity, diversity and difference are increasing day by day. Some college students have some problems in varying degrees, such as vague ideals and beliefs, weak sense of honesty and social responsibility, weak spirit of hard struggle, and lack of unity and cooperation. Their education management presents new characteristics and new laws. Fourthly, with the continuous improvement of the national legal system and the enhancement of citizens' awareness of rights protection, it poses new challenges to the management of college students. The original management concept, management mode and management method have not met the needs of the development and change of the situation. Therefore, the revision of the Regulations and Guidelines is an objective requirement of the development of the times, an urgent need to govern education according to law and promote the comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development of higher education, and an inevitable choice to achieve the requirements of education and training objectives in the new era. 〔09:27〕

[Lin Huiqing]: Second, the new "Regulations" are mainly about the revision of content and institutional innovation. The new regulations follow the principle of "educating people, establishing rules according to law, standardizing management and strengthening supervision", and have been comprehensively revised according to the national education policy and higher education objectives in the new period and the education law, higher education law and other relevant laws and regulations. The draft has been revised dozens of times, and thousands of students, teachers and experts participated in drafting, revising and demonstrating. The main changes are as follows: [09: 27]

[Lin Huiqing]: First, the new "Regulations" embodies the principle of education first and moral education first, strengthens the educational function of colleges and universities, and strengthens the role of ideal and belief education and moral quality norms in the adult development of college students. First of all, in the general provisions, it is added that "institutions of higher learning should focus on cultivating talents, follow the national education policy and laws, and constantly improve the quality of education;" Strive to train qualified socialist builders and reliable successors. In the general provisions, it is also added that students should "study hard in Deng Xiaoping Theory and Theory of Three Represents, and establish the * * * ideal and firm belief of taking the Socialism with Chinese characteristics road and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation under the leadership of the China * * Production Party; Establish the spirit of patriotism, with the spirit of unity, peace-loving, hard-working, brave and self-improvement. In the specific provisions, the specific requirements of students' moral behavior, such as "consciously observing civic morality, becoming a model of observing civic morality, and not participating in activities that damage the image of college students and social morality", have been added; The policy of encouraging students to serve the country and join the army has been added, and enlisted students can "retain their school status until one year after retirement". 〔09:28〕

[Lin Huiqing]: Second, the new regulations have solidified the successful experience of education and teaching reform in recent years, and encouraged and guided colleges and universities to establish and implement new management systems that are conducive to talent growth, such as credit system, major and minor system, and cross-school learning system. For example, in view of the teaching reform experience of interdisciplinary training of compound talents in some schools in recent years and the management reform experience of inter-school teaching resources in some schools, it is added that "students can apply for minor in other majors or choose other majors according to the relevant regulations of the school, and minor certificates will be issued to those who meet the minor conditions of this major", and "students can choose courses across schools according to the inter-school agreement" is added. The course scores (credits) studied in other schools will be recognized after being audited by our school. 〔09:28〕

[Lin Huiqing]: Third, the new regulations have established a series of new rules for running schools according to law and safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of students. The first is to clarify the rights and obligations of students. The new "Regulations" added a special chapter on students' rights and obligations, clarified the six rights and obligations of students to receive education, enhanced the legal awareness of schools and students, and clarified the code of conduct for correctly exercising rights and fulfilling obligations according to law. 〔09:28〕

[Lin Huiqing]: Second, the treatment and punishment standards for students are more clear. The new "Regulations" abolished the punishment provisions with unclear legal basis or uncertain behavior characteristics, and replaced them with legal standards, discipline standards, academic standards and disease standards with clear legal basis or clear behavior characteristics. For example, the provisions of "extremely bad conduct and moral corruption" as the grounds for expulsion from school were abolished, and the contents of "violation of state laws constitutes a criminal offence" and "violation of public security management regulations with bad nature" were added. These regulations will help to reduce the randomness, uncertainty and unpredictability of school disciplinary behavior. 〔09:29〕

[Lin Huiqing]: Third, the procedures for handling student violations are more standardized. The new "Regulations" implement the principle of due process, stipulating that schools must abide by the authority, conditions, time limit and procedural obligations such as notification and delivery when making management actions involving students' rights and interests. For example, it is stipulated that "the school's punishment of students should be due process, sufficient evidence, clear basis, accurate qualitative and appropriate punishment", "the decision to expel students from school must be studied and decided by the president's meeting" and "the school should make a disciplinary decision on students", and the disciplinary decision to expel students from school should be reported to the provincial education administrative department where the school is located for the record. " 〔09:30〕

[Lin Huiqing]: Fourth, a student rights relief system has been established. In order to maintain the teaching order and educational environment, the school has the right to punish the educated who cannot violate the school rules. However, if the punishment is inaccurate or improper, it will infringe on the legitimate rights and interests of the educated. In this regard, the new "Regulations" increase students' rights of statement, defend oneself and appeal, which embodies the spirit of the rule of law in the management of college students without relief. For example, it is stipulated that "schools should listen to the statements and defenses of students or their agents before making disciplinary decisions on students", "schools should set up student complaint handling committees to accept students' complaints about dropping out of school or violating disciplines" and "student complaint handling committees should review the complaints made by students, and make a review conclusion and inform the complainants within 15 working days from the date of receiving the written complaints". "Students who have objections to the review decision may file a written complaint with the provincial education administrative department where the school is located within 15 working days from the date of receiving the review decision from the school", and "the provincial education administrative department will handle and answer the complainant's question within 30 working days from the date of receiving the written complaint from the students". These rules are of great significance for protecting the legitimate rights and interests of students. These new regulations also limit the discretion of school management to some extent. 〔09:3 1〕

[Lin Huiqing]: Fifth, the special provisions that are inconsistent with the current national basic laws have been cancelled. For example, in the original "Regulations", "If a student marries privately during school and fails to go through the formalities of dropping out of school, it shall be treated as dropping out of school", and whether a student can get married shall be implemented according to the National Marriage Law and the Marriage Registration Regulations. 〔09:33〕

[Lin Huiqing]: In addition, the new "Regulations" embodies a more "people-oriented" spirit, and cancels the stipulation that "students are not allowed to apply for other colleges and universities during the period of retaining admission qualifications, retaining their school status and dropping out of school"; Rewrite "mental illness and epilepsy must drop out of school" to "those who can't continue their studies in school due to illness should drop out of school", and change "no academic certificate" to "with learning certificate" and so on. 〔09:33〕

[Lin Huiqing]: Fourth, the new regulations further strengthen the transformation of government functions and expand the autonomy of colleges and universities in running schools according to law. On the basis of clarifying the functions, responsibilities and autonomy of school management, the new regulations give universities a number of autonomy centered on the autonomy of teaching management, and give them the management space to innovate the management system according to the level, type and characteristics of running schools, so as to better stimulate students' learning vitality and passion. To sum up, five places are directly defined as "school regulations" and 13 places are defined as "implemented according to school regulations". Main aspects of decentralization: [09: 34]

[Lin Huiqing]: First, authorize colleges and universities to decide their students' study years independently, and clearly put forward that "students can complete their studies in stages. The longest period for students to study at school (including suspension from school) shall be stipulated by the school "; The second is to authorize colleges and universities to independently determine specific learning standards and performance evaluation methods, and clearly put forward that "the requirements for students' courses or prescribed grades in the semester and academic year, as well as the requirements for re-examination, promotion, skipping, repetition and demotion, shall be stipulated by the school" and "the assessment and performance evaluation methods, and whether the courses that fail the assessment are re-examined or re-examined shall be stipulated by the school"; Third, universities are authorized to decide the adjustment of students' majors independently, and the state no longer makes specific provisions on students changing majors; Fourth, authorize universities to manage their student status independently. The state no longer stipulates the specific conditions and procedures for students to drop out of school, and clearly puts forward that "students can drop out of school if they apply for it or the school thinks it necessary." The number and duration of suspension from school shall be stipulated by the school. 〔09:35〕

[Lin Huiqing]: At the same time of decentralization, the new "Regulations" also established a system to strengthen the supervision of the government and students on school power. The management right of a school is a public right. While the law gives schools full autonomy, they should also be included in the scope of supervision by the managed and the government. To this end, the new "Regulations" require schools to announce the student management regulations to students in a timely manner and file them with the education authorities; Provincial education administrative departments no longer have the right to formulate first-level management regulations, but should perform the duties of guiding, inspecting and supervising the management of college students according to the new regulations. 〔09:36〕

[Lin Huiqing]: Fifth, the new "Regulations" have strengthened relevant management in view of the outstanding problems currently existing. In view of the repeated prohibition of cheating in exams, provisions are made that cheating or plagiarism in exams, copying other people's research results can be expelled from school, and the types of cheating and expulsion from school are refined. In a certain sense, academic integrity is the moral bottom line of college students and the foundation of their adulthood. Under the current situation that the whole society strengthens civic moral education, the moral norms of college students' honesty must be strict; Increase "those who fail to pay tuition fees according to school regulations will not be registered"; "Students who use computer networks shall abide by the regulations of the state and schools on network use, and shall not log on to illegal websites or spread harmful information" and "shall not participate in illegal pyramid schemes"; Students should abide by the school's regulations on student accommodation management "; It is not allowed to transfer from "the next batch of colleges and universities to the last batch of colleges and universities, and from low academic level to high academic level"; In view of the irregular enrollment and academic certificate management in colleges and universities, the requirements that "schools should fill in and issue academic certificates and degree certificates in strict accordance with the school-running type and learning form determined at the time of enrollment" and "schools should implement the electronic registration management system for higher education academic certificates" have been added. 〔09:36〕

[Lin Huiqing]: Fifth, the new "Regulations" have strengthened relevant management in view of the outstanding problems currently existing. In view of the repeated prohibition of cheating in exams, write more about cheating or plagiarism in exams and copying other people's research.