⑵ Preparatory courses: At that time, Peking University offered liberal arts, law, engineering and preparatory courses. The preparatory course is equivalent to the middle school attached to Peking University, with a schooling period of three years (later changed to two years). After graduation, you can be promoted to undergraduate without taking the test.
(3) I have seen the situation for several years: besides, several years have passed. Reading; pass by
(4) Changzu: describes rapid progress.
Manna: seeking fame and fortune. Lu, the salary of ancient officials.
5. Holding the purpose: holding the purpose of studying knowledge.
[6] Education: It refers to studying here. Hey; study
(7) blame: point out mistakes and criticize.
(8) The shortcut to the south by taking falsehood as the main road is also: release. Manna; Seek fame and fortune, Lu; The salary of ancient officials. A shortcut to the south; Metaphor is a convenient way to achieve the goal.
(9) Support: Metaphorically supporting the younger generation in their careers.
⑽ (mǐ) slander (bà ng): Rule out, calm down. No criticism. Stop blaming the discussion.
⑾ Have a clear conscience: it means not to do anything that hurts others.
⑿ Diligence: Diligence.
(13) There is no limit to the pursuit of achievement: one's studies reach a certain level. Have a bottom; The future is promising. (tolerance; Maybe it can be quite deep. Bottom stop; Deep meaning).
[14] If the disciple aims to be an official and get rich, the purpose is good: disciple; Only, only. Cute; Deviate from one's purpose.
⒂ smelting tour: the same as "smelting tour". Play around.
[14] Put things on the shelf: Tie things up and put them on a high shelf, which means to put them aside and leave them alone.
⒄ How dissatisfied we are with the high officials, we are also corrupted by their morality: high officials; Used to refer to a minister in power, metaphorically living in a political position. Su Shichuan, the History of Song Dynasty, says, "Those who accumulate things and discuss things hate big officials". Use; Because. Decline; Sink, lose
⒅ procrastination: mistakes left behind will be adversely affected; Delay.
⒆ Diligence: Diligence (dǐ) (always reading zh ǐ); A good whetstone. Hey; Rough grindstone. This refers to tempering.
⒇ Japanese stealing: more and more perfunctory, just looking at the present. Steal and get along.
(1) Disrupt moral behavior: violate morality and corrupt conduct. To destroy. Destroy: destroy.
2 fresh: less.
3 set an example and correct vulgarity: then; For example. Avoid vulgarity; Make every effort to correct bad habits. Correction; Correct (overkill).
4 Duty-bound: You can't shirk your responsibility.
If you don't practice, you won't learn. It; Function: mention bin.
6. Be in line with the common people and the world: Yes; Preposition, the same as "Yu".
⑦ There is no moral loss. Shu; Expect, hope.
8 It doesn't matter if you can: it doesn't matter; Inside.
Pet-name ruby: metaphor * * * and learning, mutual research and discussion.
Attending to encourage each other.
A. blame (zǐ lì): blame, slander and abuse.
B. store: store.
C. it depends: officials start work as soon as they arrive.
D. diving: deep learning.
E. period: hope.
F. benefits: benefits, benefits (address for guests).
G. learn from others: collect extensively and learn from others. Beside; Widespread and universal. Ji; Check and evaluate. Bo; Universal, universal. The words "learn from others' strengths" and "learn from others' strengths" have similar meanings. When used together, they mean learning from many aspects and absorbing everyone's strengths.
H. worry (yú): procrastination.
I. Meeting (w): Meeting.
J. discussion (què): discussion.
To: 1. Come here to study: because.
2. Take falsehood as a shortcut to the south.
3. This is also moral decay: because. Five years ago, when Mr. Yan was the principal of our school, I just worked in the Ministry of Education. I did something for Peking University on the first day of school. You all studied in the preparatory school, so you must have heard of me. Three days in never say goodbye, I am impressed. Besides, after several years, you must have made great progress. I will be in charge of Peking University today, so I have three things to inform you:
The first is to hold the purpose. There must be a certain purpose in coming to Peking University to study. If you want to know whether your purpose is fair, you must first know the nature of the university. Now it is natural for people to study in junior colleges and find jobs after studying. However, this is not the case in college. University is a place to learn advanced knowledge. Outsiders often accuse us of corruption in Peking University, because people who study in Peking University have the dream of being an official and making a fortune, so most of them enter the law department after graduating from preparatory school, rarely enter the liberal arts, and even fewer enter the science department. Probably because the law is a shortcut to being an official. Because I want to be an official, I don't ask the teacher the depth of knowledge, but only the size of the official position. People with high ranks are particularly popular, probably for the convenience of graduates to get support. At present, most of the political and legal workers in our country enter politics, and there are few full-time professors, so it is a last resort to hire teachers and have to hire part-time people. It goes without saying that the best way to eliminate criticism is to improve your own level. We have a clear conscience when others say that we are corrupt. What is there to be afraid of? If you really want to be an official and make a fortune, there are many junior colleges in Beijing. If you enter the law department, you can go to law school to study. If you enter the economics department, you can apply at the business school. Why did you come to Peking University? Therefore, you should have a firm purpose to seek knowledge, not to be an official; Entering the economics department is not for making a fortune. Once the purpose is set, everything will be on the right track. You don't have much time to study here, either for three years or four years. If you can cherish your time and study hard, you will achieve great results. If the purpose is not just to get rich and be an official, there is a problem. Don't study hard at ordinary times, and then read the handouts carefully before the exam, regardless of whether you gain knowledge or not, you only earn grades; As soon as the exam was over, I threw all my books aside and spent three or four years in a daze. With a diploma, I can swim in the society. Isn't this against the original intention of entering the university? Idle time, no study, is delaying yourself. Besides, in the war of 1911, we were revolutionary because of the corruption of the Qing court. Even now, many people are dissatisfied with the government because of the moral decay of society. If you don't lay a good foundation and study hard at this time, you will be forced to be a lecturer by your livelihood in the future, which will definitely delay students. Entering the officialdom will delay the country and others. Who wants to do this when you mistake others for yourself? So the purpose can't be unfair. This is my first hope for all of you.
Second, we should try our best to temper our virtue. Nowadays, the atmosphere is more and more perfunctory, and only cares about the present, especially Beijing society. There are many things that corrode virtue. Those who are not firmly rooted in virtue are at least not polluted by this ethos. When studying in a university, you should be self-disciplined and cherish yourself. The rise and fall of a country depends on the social atmosphere. If we all follow this trend, the future will be unimaginable. Therefore, there must be excellent people to set an example and try to correct the decadent social atmosphere. As a college student, your position is very high, and you should bear this responsibility, so you should not only think about how to improve yourself, but also set an example for others. Suppose you don't cultivate yourself, don't preach, and go along with the decadent social atmosphere, which is an insult to yourself, let alone become an example to others. However, if you study hard at your desk all day without entertainment, you will definitely feel tired and miserable. I plan for you, it is better to replace inappropriate entertainment interaction with appropriate entertainment activities, which will not damage your virtue, but also be good for your health. When you entered your major, you once filled out the application form and followed the rules and regulations of our school. If you violate it halfway, doesn't it mean something different? Therefore, it is impossible to treat and cultivate without strict conduct. This is my second hope for you.
The third is to love teachers and friends. Teachers teach knowledge, and staff serve everyone and facilitate learning. Can't everyone be indifferent? So we should treat each other sincerely, with respect and courtesy. As for students who live together, they should especially care about each other, so as to communicate with each other and learn from each other. We should not only be honest, but also encourage each other. We are all in Peking University, but we should share weal and woe. If a classmate has moral problems, misbehavior and is criticized in society, even if your morality is appropriate, it is difficult to explain, so everyone should encourage each other. When I was in Germany, whenever I went to the store to buy something, the shopkeeper would warmly treat me, pay me money and say thank you to each other. Although this is only a detail, it is necessary for communication. Besides, ordinary people, let alone open college students? For the sake of teachers and friends, this is my third hope for your.
I have only been in charge of Peking University for a few days, and I still don't know much about many school affairs. There are two plans: one is to improve the handout. It depends not only on what you teach, but also on your own study. In the future, only the outline, details and essentials will be dictated by the lecturer or the students will find their own reference, so that they can learn something and really play a role in everyone's study. The second is to buy more books. Although there are many books in our library, there are few new ones. If books are not widely bought, students' reference will be insufficient. Now we are raising money to buy more new books. In the future, books will be filled with shelves, and we can refer to them in many ways without lack of knowledge. That's what I want to tell you today. You can discuss these with me at any time when you have plenty of time.