Political system reform is an important part of China's comprehensive reform. We must continue to actively and steadily promote the reform of the political system and develop more extensive, full and sound people's democracy.
Comments from all sides
Political system reform is listed separately.
Political system reform is listed as an important part of the report, which shows the central government's understanding of the importance and urgency of political system reform. As far as the main points of the report are concerned, the main line of political system reform is to speed up the construction of socialist democracy and rule of law and improve the efficiency of system operation. The specific areas that need to be accelerated are listed, covering almost all major areas.
—— Zhao Wei, Director of the Institute of International Economics of Zhejiang University
● Among all kinds of reforms, political system reform is very important. Without the reform of political system, many economic reforms are simply difficult to carry out. Therefore, the reform of political system is inevitable and inevitable. We should realize that promoting political system reform is not only the requirement for us to implement Scientific Outlook on Development's all-round development, but also an important institutional guarantee for us to implement Scientific Outlook on Development.
—— Pang, former director of the Social Development Center of the Central Party School and executive vice president of China Dialectical Materialism Research Association.
The combination of electoral democracy and deliberative democracy
● To actively and steadily promote the reform of the political system, we must adhere to the fundamental goal, that is, to uphold the people's dominant position, develop people's democracy, and ensure that the people are masters of their own affairs.
-Yu Keping, Deputy Director of the Central Compilation Bureau of China * * *
The combination of electoral democracy and deliberative democracy is an important feature of China's democratic political development since the reform and opening up, especially since 10.
—— Li Junru, member of the Standing Committee of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and former vice president of the Central Party School.
Choose the road that suits your national conditions.
What kind of political system a country implements is ultimately determined by its national conditions and nature. We must choose the road that suits our national conditions, instead of copying the model of "separation of powers". The key at present is to further adhere to, improve and develop the people's congress system. We have full institutional confidence in this regard.
-Professor Zhang of the Central Party School
● From a global perspective, there is no one-size-fits-all development path and model, and there is no one-size-fits-all development path and model suitable for all ethnic groups and countries.
—— Wang Weiguang, Deputy Secretary of the Party Group and Executive Vice President of China Academy of Social Sciences
The decision-making process includes political consultation.
The summary of the report extensively solicited opinions on major issues of economic and social development and practical issues involving the vital interests of the masses, extensively solicited opinions from all sides, concentrated people's wisdom, enhanced understanding and enhanced synergy.
Comments from all sides
Different interests need to be resolved through consultation.
Under the background of developing the socialist market economy system in China, it is an inevitable trend that social interests are gradually diversified. How to reach an agreement on the interests of all parties must be resolved through democratic consultation.
—— Dai Yanjun, Deputy Director of Party Construction Teaching and Research Department of China Central Party School * * *
Conducive to the scientific, democratic and institutionalized decision-making
● The central leaders of China sincerely encourage and support the democratic parties to participate in and discuss state affairs, listen carefully and respond to the suggestions and opinions of the democratic parties in a timely manner, which has increased our sense of responsibility and enthusiasm for participating in and discussing state affairs.
-Yan Qiqi, Chairman of the Central Committee of Democratic Progressive Party
● Bringing political consultation into the decision-making process is conducive to the scientific, democratic and institutionalized decision-making, which is an important principle of political consultation.
—— Duan Mingxue, former deputy director of the Social Legal Committee of Beibei District of Chongqing CPPCC.
● "Bringing political consultation into the decision-making process" must follow its inherent laws. First, it is necessary to organically unify the leading role of the Party Committee in political consultation and enhance the initiative of CPPCC in performing its political consultation function. The second is to organically unify the institutionalization, standardization and proceduralization of CPPCC's performance of political consultation functions. Third, we should organically unify the substantive system construction and the procedural system construction of political consultation.
—— China Wang Wenzi, Deputy Director of the General Office of Zhejiang Provincial Committee
Enhance the effectiveness of democratic consultation
● Whether to attach importance to and give full play to political consultation is an important content to test the leadership level and ruling ability, and it is included in the assessment indicators of leading bodies and leading cadres. Take a series of measures to strengthen the self-construction of CPPCC, formulate specific measures for members to participate in political consultation, and ensure the quality and level of consultation.
—— Li Changjian, member of the Standing Committee of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and executive vice president of the Theoretical Research Association of China People's Political Consultative Conference.
The premise of negotiation is to openly disagree. Only when there is clear opposition between politics and policies can there be meaningful consultation, communication and compromise, so as to integrate opinions.
-Columnist Zhao Chu
Strictly control the establishment and reduce posts.
The reform of administrative system is an inevitable requirement to promote the superstructure to adapt to the economic base. In accordance with the goal of establishing an administrative management system with China characteristics, we will further promote the separation of government from enterprises, government funds and government agencies, and build a service-oriented government with scientific functions, optimized structure, honesty and efficiency, and people's satisfaction.
Comments from all sides
The reform of administrative examination and approval should have new ideas
● Most of the administrative examination and approval items that were reduced in the past may be reported by various departments themselves, and the problem of avoiding the important is more serious. Therefore, the next step of administrative examination and approval reform should have new ideas. This new idea is that citizens, legal persons or other organizations can make their own decisions, the market competition mechanism can be effectively regulated, and industry organizations or intermediaries can manage themselves, so the government should consider withdrawing.
—— Wang Yukai, Professor of National School of Administration and Vice President of China Administrative System Reform Research Association.
● Everything that can be self-regulated by the market is handed over to the market, and everything that can be undertaken by social organizations is resolutely handed over to social organizations.
—— Wang Feng, Deputy Director of the Office of the Central Organization Establishment Committee
● The reform of administrative examination and approval system is the core measure to build a small government and a strong government.
—— Liu Guangda, Director of Guangdong Administrative System Reform Department
Carry out large-scale structural reform
● Large-scale institutional reform requires bold innovation and exploration in practice. Five points for attention in the reform of the Ministry system: first, pay attention to the scientific optimization of institutional setup; Second, pay attention to fully and correctly performing their duties; Third, pay attention to strengthening government management innovation; Fourth, pay attention to improving the coordination and cooperation mechanism, adhere to the principle of consistency of powers and responsibilities, and establish and improve the coordination and cooperation mechanism of various departments and the strategic cooperation mechanism at the provincial and ministerial levels; Fifth, pay attention to strengthening institution building.
—— Li, Vice Chairman of the Economic Committee of China People's Political Consultative Conference
● To promote the reform of the Ministry system, it is necessary to merge the structures with similar functions and decentralized management, and adjust the structures with overlapping responsibilities that have been difficult to coordinate and solve for a long time, so as to unify powers and responsibilities and improve overall efficiency. At the same time, institutions with too wide functions and too concentrated power should be properly separated.
-Wei Liqun, former executive vice president of the National School of Administration.
Reduce "staffing" and improve administrative efficiency
Strictly controlling the organization establishment and reducing the number of leadership positions can not only reduce administrative costs, but also improve administrative efficiency, which is a realistic requirement for the government to better transform into a service-oriented government. However, experience has proved that it is often easy to "revive" after the reduction of posts, and inspection and supervision must be strengthened.
—— Liang Weidong, Secretary of Shunde District Committee, Foshan City, Guangdong Province
If the reform of reducing government power and strengthening supervision over public power is internal, then the reform of administrative system is external service, that is, strengthening social management and public services to solve the medical and educational problems of ordinary people.
—— Wang Yukai, Professor of National School of Administration and Vice President of China Administrative System Reform Research Association.
Constitution and law are "high-voltage lines"
Summary of the report comprehensively promotes the rule of law. The rule of law is the basic way of governing the country. It is necessary to promote scientific legislation, strict law enforcement, fair justice, and law-abiding by the whole people, adhere to equality before the law, and ensure that laws are observed and violators are prosecuted.
Comments from all sides
All public power must conform to the Constitution.
● The supervision and restriction of public power is the basic essence of the rule of law. Public power has duality, and only law can make it develop its strengths and avoid its weaknesses.
—— Jiang Bixin, Vice President of the Supreme People's Court
● All acts of public power, such as legislation, law enforcement and judicature, must be in accordance with and in conformity with the Constitution, and the principle that "the Party must act within the scope of the Constitution and laws" must be conscientiously implemented. In the process of implementing and abiding by the constitution, public officials should have two concepts: one is the people's concept; The second is the concept of rules.
—— Han Dayuan, Dean of Law School of Renmin University of China
Promoting democracy through institutional design
● To promote administration according to law and build a government ruled by law, we should focus on six tasks: First, improve the awareness and ability of civil servants, especially leading cadres. The second is to improve the disciplinary and democratic decision-making procedures according to law and establish a tracking feedback and evaluation system for major decisions. The third is to improve the working mechanism of government legislation; Improve the formulation and release procedures of normative documents; The establishment of rules and regulatory documents evaluation and cleaning system; Strengthen the filing and review of laws, regulations and normative documents. The fourth is to ensure strict, fair and civilized law enforcement. The fifth is to strengthen administrative supervision and accountability. Sixth, resolve social contradictions and disputes according to law, establish and improve the mediation and adjudication system of social contradictions and disputes, improve the administrative reconsideration system, and conscientiously do a good job in responding to administrative litigation.
—— Li Lin, Director of the Institute of Law, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
The ruling party should have the consciousness of implementing the constitution.
● We must implement the basic strategy of governing the country according to law. Adhere to the rule of law, the rule of law, the administration according to law, adhere to the integration of a country ruled by law, a government ruled by law and a society ruled by law, form a good trend of the whole society consciously learning and abiding by the law, and solidly implement the spirit of the 18th CPC National Congress in all work.
—— Guo Shengkun, Secretary of the Party Committee of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Director of the Standing Committee of the People's Congress of the Autonomous Region
● The ruling party needs to have the consciousness of implementing the Constitution. The fairness and rationality of the Constitution and laws can only be guaranteed in practice. The problem of fairness and rationality can only be realized in practice first. —— Zhang Peking University, Executive Deputy Director of the Research Center for Constitution and Administrative Law, and Vice President of the Constitutional Society of China.
Keep power in a cage
The summary of the report has improved the restriction and supervision system of power operation. It is an important guarantee for the correct operation of power to insist on using the system to manage people and protect people's right to know, participate, express and supervise.
Comments from all sides
Manage the power manager with the system
● Compared with the previous theories of power restriction and supervision, the report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward many new expositions on power restriction and supervision, mainly in the following four aspects:
First, the thinking is clearer. In particular, it is emphasized that it is an important guarantee for the correct operation of power to insist on using the system to manage people and protect people's right to know, participate, express and supervise, and a new idea of using the system to restrict and supervise power abuse and corruption is clearly put forward.
Second, the goal is more comprehensive. The report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposes to strengthen the restriction and supervision of power operation, and its goal is no longer just to emphasize a single supervision system, but to build a comprehensive and systematic power restriction and supervision system.
Third, the subject is more clear. It is further clarified that the main body of power restriction and supervision is the people.
Fourth, the positioning is more accurate. The essence of power restriction and supervision lies in whether the rulers insist on scientific decision-making, democratic decision-making and decision-making according to law.
-Guo Wenliang, Dean of the School of Education of Sun Yat-sen University, Director and Professor of the Institute of Party History and Party Building.
Lack of restrictive power is dangerous.
In recent years, various corruption cases have repeatedly proved that the lack of effective power restriction is dangerous and the root of power abuse. Inner-party supervision and administrative supervision are undoubtedly of great significance for restricting power and preventing power abuse. Effective judicial supervision is also indispensable.
—— Ma Huaide, Vice President and Professor of China University of Political Science and Law
● The report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China has many new ideas and expositions on the construction of the rule of law. For example, highlighting the constraints on public power. The report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China devoted a section to "establishing and perfecting the system of restriction and supervision of power operation", which reflected our party's new level of understanding of the function of the rule of law. Decentralization and checks and balances, allowing people to supervise power and letting power run in the sun are one of the manifestations of realizing the rule of law.
—— Xu Xianming, member of the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) and president of Shandong University.
The mechanism is transparent and the power is balanced.
● The Party needs to take measures to maintain its purity, combat corruption and promote honesty. There are two constraints on human behavior, one is value and the other is norm.
—— Gao Xinmin, Professor and Doctoral Supervisor of the Party Construction Teaching and Research Department of the Central Party School.
● With people's participation, transparent mechanisms, checks and balances of power, and the leadership of the Party, the rule of law can be effectively promoted, corruption can be fundamentally curbed, and the Party's ruling position will be more solid.
-Tong Lihua, a public interest lawyer