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abstract:
With the deepening of China's educational system reform, a series of higher education development plans have been issued one after another, and the construction of administrative execution of higher education has gradually become the key topic of higher education research. The construction of the executive power of education administration in colleges and universities is the premise of realizing the development strategy of colleges and universities and the key to improving administrative efficiency. This paper makes an in-depth study on the lack of executive power in the current educational administration in colleges and universities, analyzes the management system, management mechanism, evaluation system and the quality of managers, and puts forward relevant strategies to promote the construction of executive power, with a view to providing some theoretical references for improving the level of running colleges and universities.
Key words:
Colleges and universities; Education; Administrative management; Executive power;
Introduction:
With the continuous improvement of China's economic development level and the deepening of education system reform, China's higher education has gained unprecedented opportunities for development, and universities in various regions have seized the opportunity to improve their own running level. However, the improvement of the quality of running a university depends not only on the words and deeds of teachers, but also on the hard work of administrative personnel, so the construction of executive power in administrative management has become the most urgent proposition in the current research on the development of higher education.
The executive power in the administration of higher education discussed by the author refers to the ability of higher education administrators to carry out it according to the deployment requirements of school leaders, closely surrounding the outline of school development planning and combining with the actual situation of their own units. Executive power runs through the whole process of the actual implementation of education management in colleges and universities, which is an important basis for effectively evaluating the working ability of administrative departments and the fundamental guarantee for colleges and universities to achieve their development goals.
First, the significance of improving executive power in higher education administration
Colleges and universities are the cradle of cultivating high-quality talents and provide important talent support for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. The improvement of the level of running a university requires not only the excellent teaching ability of teachers, but also the excellent execution of managers.
(A) to enhance the executive power is the prerequisite to realize the strategic planning of colleges and universities.
At present, it is in the critical period of China's socialist reform, and the reform of the education system is also deepening. Especially in the social background of the popularization of higher education, the competition for running schools in China is becoming more and more fierce. In order to create a better educational environment, colleges and universities have formulated a series of strategic plans in line with reform and development. Promoting the implementation of these strategic plans not only requires leaders to make scientific strategic decisions, but also requires the administrative team to have super execution.
(2) Improving executive power is the key to administrative efficiency.
Improving the executive power of administrative staff is the key to the administrative efficiency of the whole university. If the executive power in administrative management is poor, it is easy to have some instructions issued by the management, which are not carried out by the lower levels, which is quite different from the expected goal. Therefore, the executive power in the administrative management of colleges and universities is related to the smooth realization of the goals and objectives of running schools and the implementation of various administrative plans in colleges and universities. Especially in the case of continuous enrollment expansion in colleges and universities, the administrative work of colleges and universities is complicated and the number of administrative personnel is limited. In this case, only by improving execution can administrative efficiency be significantly improved.
Second, the lack of executive power in higher education administration.
In recent years, while implementing the principles and policies of the education reform of the party and the government, colleges and universities have been constantly building executive power in administrative management. However, looking at the overall education development of Chinese colleges and universities, there are many phenomena in administrative management, such as insufficient execution, which indirectly affect the improvement of modern education management level in Chinese colleges and universities. The problems of insufficient execution can be divided into the following four points:
(A) the administrative management system is difficult to meet the needs of humanization in colleges and universities.
At present, most colleges and universities are public educational institutions, and their operation nature and mode mainly follow the usual institutional forms, which are mainly divided into multi-level organizations such as colleges, departments and classes, which are responsible for different administrative affairs. Although some universities have refined this administrative structure, it has gradually become the standard form of administrative management in colleges and universities. In fact, under this administrative structure, managers usually focus on basic administrative affairs such as fund management, equipment management and logistics management in colleges and universities, and pay limited attention to education and teaching, which leads to the fact that the administrative system formulated by them cannot meet the actual needs of colleges and universities, and the implementation effect is greatly reduced.
In addition, in the process of implementing the administrative system, the executors are loose and tight when dealing with specific affairs, depending on the attitude of the leaders, and the problem of humanization of the system is prominent. Some colleges and universities have even developed into a situation in which administrators dare not do things without leadership opinions, and some simple affairs are delayed indefinitely and perfunctory repeatedly, and the system is ineffective, which not only loses the credibility of the administrative system, but also reduces the executive power of university administration.
(B) the administrative system is not perfect
First, the departments have overlapping powers and responsibilities and lack cooperation. Generally speaking, there are many departments in colleges and universities, such as Party Committee Office, Party Committee Organization Department, Academic Affairs Office and Logistics Management Office. Administrative personnel inevitably need cross-departmental cooperation and seek assistance from other departments when performing their work. At present, the division of labor of university management institutions is very fine, and the specific matters are subdivided into individuals. Some matters carried out by administrative personnel may involve the management of multiple departments, which is prone to overlapping rights and responsibilities. If something goes wrong, it is easy for all departments to shirk their responsibilities, which not only affects the internal unity of colleges and universities, but also reduces the efficiency of administrative staff.
Second, the supervisory body is not taken seriously. The necessary supervision of administrative work is the key to ensure the executive power of administrative work. Therefore, the supervision organization plays an important role in the construction of educational administrative executive power in colleges and universities. Usually, colleges and universities will set up independent supervision institutions such as the Commission for Discipline Inspection to comprehensively supervise the implementation of affairs. However, in the actual implementation process, the current supervision institutions in colleges and universities are ineffective, with limited personnel and complicated supervision work.
(C) the lack of evaluation system
It is an important means to objectively and fairly evaluate the implementation effect of administrative affairs in colleges and universities and reward and punish administrative personnel according to the evaluation results. At present, most colleges and universities have established strict assessment standards in administrative management assessment, but they lack a perfect assessment system in specific matters. The assessment content is too general, and it is customary to adopt a summary assessment method. This assessment method only pays attention to the results and ignores the process, so it is difficult to scientifically evaluate the executive power of administrative personnel. If the evaluation result is lower than the actual implementation of the administrative staff, the administrative staff will inevitably feel disgusted and restrain their enthusiasm for work; If the evaluation result is higher than the actual implementation of administrative personnel, it is unfair to other administrative personnel, or it may be unfair to the executives themselves because of overestimating their execution ability, which leads to their inability to face up to the later evaluation, thus limiting the improvement of their execution ability.
(D) The quality of administrative personnel is low.
The level of execution is determined by the ability and will of the executors. Judging from the executive ability, at present, the administrative staff in colleges and universities are selected at all levels, and there is basically no problem in intelligence and physical strength. However, due to the single content of administrative management in colleges and universities, some administrative personnel are content with the status quo and do not make progress. In the long run, their knowledge structure and professional level are easily out of touch with the society, unable to keep pace with the times and improve their execution. On the other hand, the administrators in colleges and universities are required to have the spirit of loving their posts and being dedicated, pioneering and innovative. However, in fact, influenced by the current traditional management mode, some university administrators are relatively lax in their thinking and lack enthusiasm, initiative and responsibility in their work, which has become an important factor restricting the construction of executive power in the current university administration.
Third, the strategy of promoting the construction of executive power of higher education administration.
In view of many problems existing in the current educational administration in colleges and universities, from the perspective of building a modern university system with China characteristics, we need to start from the following aspects to build the executive power in educational administration in colleges and universities:
(A) optimize the formulation and implementation of the administrative system
In order to promote the efficient implementation of quality and quantity of various affairs, colleges and universities must be equipped with specific and executable administrative standards and systems, so that administrative personnel can have laws to follow and enhance their execution. However, colleges and universities are different from ordinary institutions and have their own unique administrative management model. Therefore, in the process of formulating management system, colleges and universities should comprehensively consider their own teachers, students, infrastructure and other factors, and formulate management standards and systems that match management needs. In addition, colleges and universities should also set clear administrative objectives, clarify the working direction and working criteria of administrative personnel, so as to grasp the overall situation of administrative work implementation. In addition, university leaders should also take the lead in strictly implementing relevant management systems, insist on managing people and affairs by systems, and ensure the standardized implementation of management systems.
(B) to build a scientific administrative system
The first is to build a scientific organizational structure. Colleges and universities should build a scientific organizational structure to provide a reliable organizational environment for the construction of administrative execution in colleges and universities. On the one hand, colleges and universities should try their best to streamline management institutions, flatten management as much as possible, avoid too many examination and approval links and improve work efficiency; On the other hand, colleges and universities need to divide their powers and responsibilities according to the existing departments, clarify the work objectives and scope of each department, build an organizational system with the goal of building the executive power of the whole school, and supplement the corresponding management rules and regulations of each department to improve the efficiency of cross-departmental cooperation.
The second is to build a supervision mechanism that is linked up and down. Effective supervision mechanism is not only helpful for the accurate transmission of administrative orders in colleges and universities, but also helpful for administrative personnel to improve their execution. To build a supervision mechanism that is linked up and down, we must first strengthen the system construction. For example, the self-inspection system requires the administrative department to inspect the administrative work item by item according to the inspection requirements, and then integrate it into a written report and submit it to the inspection department. For example, the countdown system for policy implementation requires the administrative department to complete the designated work before the specified date. Second, we must constantly innovate the means of supervision. At present, the supervision institutions in colleges and universities are facing the dilemma of insufficient personnel. In order to improve the efficiency of supervision, colleges and universities can use online supervision system to supervise, supervisors can input supervision events in the system, and leaders can check the progress and quality of executives through the system platform. This can not only provide a basis for departmental performance appraisal, but also make the supervision work more institutionalized and standardized.
(C) establish a sound evaluation system
The first is to improve the assessment and evaluation process. The evaluation process of administrative execution of higher education includes three links: evaluation goal, evaluation formulation and evaluation implementation, which are closely linked to promote the construction of administrative execution. First of all, colleges and universities should formulate assessment objectives around the overall goal and combine the development goals of administrative departments, so as to lead the whole assessment work to be carried out in an orderly manner; Secondly, colleges and universities need to take the assessment objectives as the criterion and coordinate the participants to formulate practical assessment methods in combination with the implementation of specific matters. Under normal circumstances, the assessment is divided into daily assessment and special assessment, and corresponding assessment indicators and methods are formulated for the daily work and special work of administrative personnel respectively; Finally, after the assessment method is formulated, it will be implemented by a special person adhering to the principles of fairness, justice and openness.
The second is to give full play to the evaluation value. After the evaluation, we should use the evaluation results scientifically to promote the implementation of administrative management. On the one hand, colleges and universities can directly link the evaluation results with the reward performance of administrative staff, appropriately increase the corresponding post rank coefficient of administrative staff according to the evaluation results, and increase the absolute reward in the form of reward performance salary; On the other hand, colleges and universities can take the evaluation results as an important basis for the promotion of administrative personnel. Linking the results of administrative evaluation with job promotion can greatly improve the enthusiasm of administrative personnel.
(D) to strengthen the quality training of administrative personnel
First, urge managers to strengthen theoretical study. With the deepening of the educational reform system, managers need to keep pace with the times, keep learning and improve their working ability. First of all, administrative personnel are required to master more political theories, arm their minds, and cultivate their professionalism of loving their posts and being brave in innovation; Secondly, managers are required to strengthen the study of higher education and improve the ability of cross-departmental cooperation. In addition, administrators need to adapt to the needs of the times, actively learn new technologies and methods, and promote the innovation of administrative work.
The second is to strengthen the practical training of administrative personnel. The fundamental goal of running a school is to provide high-quality applied talents for socialist modernization, so it is necessary to improve the executive power of administrative management and strengthen the practical training of administrative personnel. On the one hand, colleges and universities need to strictly regulate the talent access mechanism, further improve the talent recruitment process, and ensure that administrative talents have high execution from the source; On the other hand, colleges and universities should provide more practical training opportunities for administrators, enhance their ability to deal with various problems, and then enhance their execution.
To sum up, the executive power in higher education administration has a far-reaching impact on the realization of higher education strategic planning. In order to improve the level of running a school in the fierce competition, the construction of executive power in administrative management can not be ignored. However, the construction of educational administrative execution in colleges and universities is influenced by many factors. At present, there are many problems in the administrative management of colleges and universities due to the lack of execution, such as the administrative management system is difficult to meet the needs of colleges and universities and the implementation is humanized, the administrative management system is imperfect, the evaluation system is missing, and the quality of administrative personnel is low. In this regard, colleges and universities need to unite various forces and take effective measures from administrative system, management mechanism, evaluation system, quality of administrative personnel and other aspects to jointly promote the construction and promotion of executive power in administrative management.
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