Glass bottle explosion, the high probability is an analytical chemistry experiment, so it is naturally uncertain. Glass bottles are widely used in various professions. This kind of explosion, if you have enough protective equipment, the injury can be completely avoided. The specific damage of this explosion comes from the scattered glass fragments after the explosion of the glass bottle, which has caused many injuries. For such things, the most important safety protection comes from shielding the exposed position of the human body. The most obvious damage is the blood vessels in the neck. Generally, clothes and trousers are not easy to cover the head and neck, so it is necessary to wear protective jumpsuits. Semiconductor materials \ Microelectronics majors will wear clean room protective clothing, masks and protective glasses when doing experiments. On the one hand, it is to prevent unclean things on the human body from flowing out into the natural environment of the laboratory, causing environmental pollution to chip manufacturing. On the one hand, it can also protect experimenters and prevent external injuries.
Although such protective equipment has been very popular in the semiconductor chip industry, as far as I know, there are still few laboratories in China that provide enough protective equipment for students. In many cases, students wear casual clothes to do experiments, which is very dangerous in case of accidents. I hope that students will raise their awareness of safety precautions and actively strive to buy protective equipment from their instructors. If the tutor doesn't want to, he should pay as much as possible to ensure his health and safety in the experiment.
In other replies, the obligations of the tutor/research group were mentioned, and I totally agree. As the person in charge of laboratory safety, the tutor has the responsibility to educate master students and doctoral students on safety knowledge and give necessary safety protection measures. However, laboratory safety can not be completely completed by the tutor, which is neither specific nor objective. As far as protective clothing is concerned, it seems a bit excessive to recommend yoga protective clothing for organic chemistry laboratories. In order to know whether the explosion accident in the organic chemistry laboratory may cause a fire accident, and whether the protective clothing of the jumpsuit in the semiconductor industry can meet the fire safety regulations, it is very likely to ask a question to take a step back. Even if it can meet the fire safety regulations, how long is the service life of this protective clothing? In hot and humid Guangdong, how can we ensure that graduate students who do experiments want to spend time wearing such heavy clothes and pants? According to personal growth experience, not all laboratories can keep cool enough in hot summer.
Some graduate students don't even want to work hard in a white coat. This kind of high-standard protective clothing is likely to escape as a display of wealth. Therefore, there is no need to put any responsibility on the mentor alone. In the current university environment, tutors are often put in inappropriate positions and doing what they have to do. Many colleges and universities are the kind of "running horses, not feeding them". Take the laboratory hardware facilities as an example. If strictly observed, I am afraid that a few laboratories in colleges and universities are more or less out of compliance with safety regulations, or overloaded with enrollment expansion every year. As a behavioral discipline, colleges and universities set up physical and mental health and safety departments to carry out laboratory tests on time, which has been implemented for a long time abroad, but it has not been followed up in China.
In the past twenty years, the total number of undergraduate graduates in China University has soared, from 265,438+million in 2000 to 910.5 million in 20 19. In addition, the total number of postgraduate entrance examination students in laboratory-related courses (such as science and reason, engineering projects, and agriculture and animal husbandry medicine) has greatly increased from 90,000 to 5.3 million. With the increase of enrollment rate and the total number of scientific research institutions, the total number of laboratories in China has expanded rapidly. With the increase of laboratories, there are more and more serious accidents, showing many problems such as insufficient number of laboratories, unscientific rational layout, improper management methods, and inadequate awareness of safety precautions. This problem has produced an important test for the safety of university laboratories. In recent ten years, major laboratory safety accidents have exposed a series of problems of improper laboratory safety management methods in colleges and universities.
In recent years, there have been many news reports of similar laboratory safety accidents. At about 15, 12 and 18 in the morning, an explosion occurred in a laboratory on the second floor of the Department of Chemistry and Hetian Building in Tsinghua University, and a doctoral student who had already done experiments died on the spot. 2065438+21September 2006, an explosion accident occurred in a laboratory of Donghua University School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biological Engineering in Shanghai Songjiang University Park. Two college students were injured and one student was slightly injured. One of the injured students is Guo Hongzhen, a student of grade 20 15, who was finally awarded compensation by the institution not long ago. Guo Hongzhen suffered obvious permanent damage to her eyes and face in this safety accident.
20 18 18 On February 26th, an explosion occurred in the municipal and environmental engineering laboratory of Beijing Jiaotong University, which killed three people. The key reason is that the relevant staff illegally stored experimental raw materials in the laboratory, which led to spontaneous combustion of students during the whole experiment, causing serious harm. 202110/On October 24th, an explosion occurred in a laboratory in the teaching area of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, No.29 Dajiang Road, Jiangning District, causing 2 deaths and 9 injuries. This happens to be the time to volunteer to fill in the report immediately after the college entrance examination, and the news report of such accidents in the laboratory has become a new closed pit raw material for biochemical recycling materials.
Safety is a serious and meticulous science and rationality. If you don't attach great importance to it, you will be punished. The only uncertainty is who the tragedy will happen to. When I was still working in hazardous chemicals, different equipment had different PPE (Safety Protective Clothing) regulations, the most important ones were jackets, jeans, shoes and protective glasses, and some products or actual operations had to wear masks. PPE is the most basic standard for entering the industrial zone. Everyone only warehousing logistics, not all manufacturing and reflection. The laboratory is for use and chemical reaction, and there should be safety regulations for different levels of experiments.
The core idea of safety is that all safety accidents can be prevented, but only if there is enough capital investment. This kind of capital investment not only includes mandatory equipment, mechanical equipment, flexible safety production management and study and training, but also reduces the efficiency of the developed operation mode. Therefore, the basic law of safety is actually the basic law of capital. How much money is invested will reduce the failure rate. If the laboratory invests too little money in safety, then the safety accident is certain, and it is only uncertain who was hit so badly.
Although universities and competent institutions have generally improved the standardized management of laboratory safety and formulated rules and regulations for the access conditions of relevant laboratory personnel, in operation, the insufficient allocation of full-time security officers and the heavy pressure of scientific research work have also prompted some university laboratories to have problems such as extensive management methods and irregular procedures. Ensuring the safety of university laboratories is a safety awareness issue in natural environmental science research. From June, 2065438 to June, 2009, the Opinions on Strengthening Laboratory Safety in Colleges and Universities issued by the Ministry of Education emphasized that laboratories in colleges and universities are large in scale, with many types and a wide range of safety risks, including dangerous chemicals, microorganisms and explosive materials of precursor chemicals. And the hidden dangers of accidents and personnel are relatively concentrated, so the hidden dangers of safety have cumulative effects.
It is suggested that the compulsory management system of laboratory safety management measures should be established in universities, secondary units and laboratories. Establish safety risk management rules and regulations, and the laboratory should conduct risk assessment for teaching and scientific research activities. In the pursuit of perfection and innovation, colleges and universities should rely on professional knowledge and learning and training in the field of safety. It is necessary to establish a safety supervision system in colleges and universities, especially centralized supervision of major hazard sources, and identify risk components and risk kinetic energy in independent innovation. In addition, it is necessary to give young scientific and technological personnel enough sense of belonging from the mechanism to ensure that the rules and regulations are properly implemented.
Almost all safety accidents are traced back to negligence and arrogance. For teachers and students, a small mistake and carelessness can be serious. Safety first requires all teachers and students to keep in mind the awareness of safety precautions, follow the relevant rules and regulations of the laboratory, minimize the experimental risk according to the safety operation procedures, tighten the string of safety, and jointly prevent the occurrence of laboratory safety accidents. When conducting risk experiments, remember a standard-safety first, life first, and everything else is second.