According to Wen Hui Reading Weekly, when people talk about Yue Fei, they will think of many well-known stories ―― loyalty to the country, mother-in-law tattooing, shooting the king, and going straight to Huanglong, as well as Twelve Gold medals, Redundancy and Fengbo Pavilion. That is a hero who has been admired through the ages. However, around Yue Fei, there are some controversies. For example, Yue Fei is the representative of "foolish loyalty", saying that Yue Fei is not a national hero, that Yue Fei's tragedy is caused by himself, and that his own personality determines his tragic fate.
Some people began to reverse the conviction of Qin Gui, the murderer of Yue Fei. Some people say that Qin Gui is innocent, while others say that Qin Gui killed Yue Fei for a certain reason. A historical figure 900 years ago is still the focus of discussion today.
What is the difference between Yue Fei's folk image and historical truth? Is Yue Fei deified? What is the historical truth behind the legends such as mother-in-law tattooing and shooting the king? China, a documentary channel of Shanghai TV Station, specially invited Professor Feng Bafei from university of international business and economics to restore a real Yue Fei for readers.
As soon as Yue Fei entered the military camp, he did several incredible things in succession, which not only almost ruined his future, but also almost lost his life, making his first year of serving the country quite bumpy. Some people say that Yue Fei is a "diaosi" and deserves bad luck, but others say that this is Yue Fei's character and will definitely achieve great things.
Yue Fei, the "tartar", went over and wrote a letter.
After the "Jingkang Incident" broke out, the young Yue Fei bid farewell to his mother, wife and children and joined the army again with the passion of serving the country. What he wants is to defend his country. But Yue Fei did something unexpected soon after he joined the army. He gave the emperor a book. At this point, Song Qinzong and Song Huizong are in the hands of Kim. His letter was addressed to Song Gaozong Zhao Gou, the ninth son of Song Huizong and the younger brother of Song Qinzong. At that time, Yue Fei was just a small official from Qipin.
As we all know, military attaché s used to be divided into nine categories. The third from the bottom of the seven ranks is a deputy, a very small junior military attache. Officers of this rank, like Yue Fei, wrote directly to the emperor at that time. We checked according to historical records, and only Yue Fei is unique.
1 126 years, in 65438+ February of the first year of Jingkang, Zhao Gou received a wax pill book from Song Qinzong, and named him Marshal of Hebei Military Forces in Xiangzhou, Hebei. Yue Fei is from Xiangzhou, so he joined Song Gaozong's army in Xiangzhou and Zong Ze's army. Zong Ze is the deputy and deputy marshal of Zhao Gou, the marshal of Hebei military forces. He was a great star. At that time, he was nearly 70 years old.
After the Jin people returned to the North, Zong Ze reoccupied Kaifeng. He often wrote to Song Gaozong, asking him to drive back to Kaifengfu and lead the national army and civilians to fight against 8 Jin J, but Zhao Gou fled all the way to the south and didn't even listen. He fled from Xiangzhou to Beijing, which is now the name of Hebei, then from Daming to Nanjing, which is Shangqiu in Henan, and finally to Yangzhou. He got farther and farther away from Song Qinzong. When Song Qinzong appointed him as the Marshal of Hebei Military Forces, he was asked to rescue him.
Not only does he run farther and farther, but he also doesn't trust Ren. He trusted the then prime minister Huang Qianshan and another deputy marshal Wang Boyan. Later, he even resigned from Zong Ze's office and let Huang Qian Shan take over Zong Ze's army.
At that time, due to Zhao Gou's retreat, Yue Fei, who wanted to serve his country, wrote a letter to the emperor. At that time, Yue Fei didn't realize that the escape policy was decided by the emperor. He mainly accused Huang Qianshan and Wang Boyan of not resisting Japan.
The hierarchy in the Song Dynasty was very strict, and it was very taboo to surpass the hierarchy in the Song Dynasty. Yue Fei's letter of complaint to Huang Qian Shan at that time finally fell into the hands of Huang Qian Shan. But Huang Qian Shan didn't seem to treat him like an onion at all, because he felt that this little official had nothing to say, so he gave him a few words, called "I overstepped my authority and spoke improperly", which meant that it was none of your business at all, so it was equivalent to our "double opening" today.
Go to war without authorization
Yue Fei paid a huge price for his impulse to surpass books this time. According to historical records, Yue Fei was miserable, penniless and living on the streets. However, this did not affect his ambition to serve the country. Later, he quickly went to the front line of Hebei's resistance to gold and went to the Zhaofu Embassy in Hebei. Less than a month after he arrived in Zhang Junzhong, he did another earth-shattering thing and was almost beheaded by Yuanmen.
The reason is that he offended his immediate boss, this time named Wang Yan, who was also a famous anti-gold star in the Southern Song Dynasty. He is older than Yue Fei 13 years old, and he has spent much longer in Zhang Suojun than Yue Fei. So he controls everything, while Yue Fei only controls Zhang Suo. Wang Yan is the direct leader and direct supervisor of Yue Fei.
Shortly after Yue Fei defected to Zhang Suo, Zhang Suo's Hebei Zhaofu ambassador was dismissed, and Wang Yan's troops became alone. Yue Fei followed Wang Yan to fight guerrilla warfare everywhere. At the beginning, Wang Yan was stationed in Shimen Mountain, Xinxiang, Weizhou, which is now Xinxiang, Henan. Seeing that 8 Jin Army was strong, Wang Yan was cautious not to fight. Yue Fei is very dissatisfied with this matter. Yue Fei was only 24 years old at that time. He is a young general. He publicly accused Wang Yan of being timid and said, "If you don't fight quickly today, just wait and see. Do you really want to be a thief? " It means that if you don't fight, it just means surrendering to 8 Jin Army, right? That Wang Yan ignored Yue Fei. As a result, Yue Fei was furious, carrying Wang Yan behind his back, and led his men to directly fight with 8 Jin Army.
Yue Fei has made brilliant achievements. Capture Xinxiang, capture thousands of households of 8 Jin Army, and kill King Black Wind of 8 Jin Army. However, participating in the war without authorization is a serious violation of military discipline. As Wang Yan expected, Yue Fei's rash action attracted the siege of Jin Jun, which was a disaster for Wang Yan. Wang Yan's whole army was beaten out of the water by 8 Jin Army.
Is Wang Yan really as timid as Yue Fei said, and even wants to defect? Who made the choice between Yue Fei and Wang Yan? This issue has also been discussed in history. The official history records: "Jin Bing is strong, Yan dares not enter, and flies alone to lead troops to battle." Is this "dare not enter" because you are really timid and afraid to participate in the war, or because you are cautious about retaining your strength? Judging from what happened later, Wang Yan didn't seem to be a timid person who didn't dare to fight, as Yue Fei accused him of, because after the whole army was scattered by nomadic people, Wang Yan cleaned up the mess and tattooed eight big characters on the faces of all the soldiers, which read "Serve the country wholeheartedly and swear to kill the golden thief". From then on, Jianghu people called it the "eight-character army" and became a very famous anti-gold elite at that time. Judging from the evidence, Wang Yan doesn't seem to be a general who is afraid of war. Yue Fei was wrong about him from the beginning.
In this case, Yue Fei once again paid the price for his youth, and on impulse, this is the result. Later, Yue Fei heard that the Eight-character Army had grown, so he went to the door of Wang Yanzhai alone, kowtowed and apologized, and asked to return to the Eight-character Army. From this point of view, Yue Fei is still bold enough, big-minded, bold and methodical.
According to the military system of the Song Dynasty, Wang Yan could have killed Yue Fei, but he didn't kill Yue Fei, nor did he accept Yue Fei, and according to historians' research, he didn't even give Yue Fei any food. He asked Yue Fei to go to Zong Ze in Kaifeng to accept military punishment.
Yan Wang has been worried about it. Nine years later, 1 136 years later, Yue Fei's rank and reputation have far surpassed that of Wang Yan. At this time, Wang Yan was seriously ill, and Song Gaozong intended to let Yue Fei take over the figure-eight army, but Wang Yan resolutely disagreed. Shortly after this, when Wang Yan moved, he had to take a boat down the Yangtze River. Yue Fei is on the edge of the Yangtze River, and all the senior generals are ready to receive him and make amends to him. Wang Yan first agreed, but when his fleet arrived at the dock where Yue Fei was waiting in Wuchang, it didn't dock, but floated down like an arrow. In fact, this is Wang Yan's humiliation to Yue Fei, that is, I don't give you face, but Yue Fei doesn't think so. He turned around and told his generals the story of the Eight-character Army's resistance to gold.
When re-evaluating Yue Fei, many people often take the conflict between Yue Fei and Wang Yan as an example, but if we fully understand the whole story, we can see that the pattern of Yue Fei is not big enough, while that of Wang Yan is not big enough. If Wang Yan accepted Yue Fei's resistance to gold in Shimen Mountain, he would be Lin Xiangru.
Meet bole
Yue Fei returned to Tokyo, Zong Ze as a sinner. This Tokyo-based company also has a commission for discipline inspection, and people have investigated his crimes. At that time, the conclusion was that "if the general does not order it, the lieutenant will order it, and those who change their flags and numbers will be beheaded" and "those who leave the army will be beheaded". According to this statement, Yue Fei had to die twice, so they reported to Zong Ze that Yue Fei should be beheaded.
Zong Ze's attitude is quite different from that of Yan Wang. He knows Yue Fei, a brave young general, and understands him very well. He left the army for 8 jin j out of patriotism, so he accepted yue fei. But the military orders were like mountains, so he was demoted.
Zong Ze, this is tantamount to giving Yue Fei a chance to redeem oneself by good deeds. Yue Fei won several battles in a row, so Zong Ze quickly put him back in control. However, a few months later, Yue Fei met his mentor and Bole Zong Ze again and had a fight.
The Northern Song Dynasty was a dynasty that paid great attention to array law. Song Taizong and Zhao Guangyi personally led people to write a book "Pingrong General Array" to teach generals how to deploy. During the reign of Song Renzong and Zhao Zhen, he also compiled An Introduction to Wushu. He personally drew a picture to illustrate it and taught everyone how to deploy it. Zong Ze is a scholar and a Confucian general. He gave Yue Fei a lot of military books, specializing in the disposal, and said to him, "Although a good general in ancient times could not pass the customs, he was good at fighting in the field. He is a teenager today, but he can handle it. He will be a general in the future and will not have a complete plan. "
Zong Ze's words are very meaningful, and his meaning is very clear: You are a wild road, you can play small games, and you will encounter a big battle in the future. You really need to have something on hand and something on your stomach.
Yue Fei is very dissatisfied. He got the array. After watching it for a while, Zong Ze asked him how it was going. He said: "it is a foregone conclusion to give a map and look at it skillfully." However, ancient and modern times are different. How can I follow a fixed array? The important thing for a strategist is to win by surprise, and he can't be clearly seen by the enemy in order to win. " Generally speaking, Yue Fei thinks this picture is too rigid. When I am fighting, if I play according to this picture, I will obviously lose many opportunities for change. Therefore, his theory is: "If something happens, something will happen." This is the way to be a soldier.
Zong Ze, a deputy marshal of the Grand Marshal's Office of Hebei Military Forces, was a scholar and had close ties with ancient times. Yue Fei, a farmer, is just an official with no diploma. He is only 24 years old. It's ungrateful to say this to a boss who is interested in cultivating himself. However, Zong Ze was silent for a while and said, "You are right." . It means you're right. That makes sense.
We can see from this incident: First, Yue Fei is indeed a general. When he was 24 years old, he had already studied Sun Tzu's Art of War and had his own views. Second, Yue Fei has a straightforward personality and dares to think and speak. Even in the face of his mentor and Bole, he didn't hide anything. People are full of energy and face the sky.
Less than a year after Yue Fei defected to Zong Ze, 68-year-old Zong Ze died of illness. Before Zong Ze died, he didn't mention his family and how to arrange the funeral, but shouted "Cross the river, cross the river, cross the river". Which river did you cross? Crossing the Yellow River; Where is it after crossing the Yellow River? It's in the north; Where is the north? It was occupied by the Jin army in the Song Dynasty.
Zong Ze was the Bole who had the greatest influence on Yue Fei's life. He didn't spend much time with Yue Fei, but he influenced Yue Fei not only militarily, but also in character. Song people have a sincere evaluation of Zong Ze, which is called "My songs can't be used, but I can win a Yue Fei", and think that Zong Ze's greatest contribution is to discover and reuse Yue Fei.