Notes on the Doctrine of the Mean in College Reading 1 Our post-80s generation, parents' education level is generally low, so that when we study, we just study blindly, and extracurricular books are basically classified as idle books and banned. In the words of parents, reading idle books is too distracting, and learning textbook knowledge is the most important thing. In addition, parents have no education and don't know what extracurricular books are suitable for their children's growth, which leads to many literary classics being missed.
I first thought of reading The Doctrine of the Mean because of the influence of TV series. I am a person who likes watching costume dramas very much, but whenever costume dramas have the contents of the imperial examination, I often hear that "the way to a university lies in clear morality." . "After a long time, I was curious. What book is it? It was quoted repeatedly, so I found the University.
"University" is actually a part of the Book of Rites, which focuses on teaching people to observe etiquette with morality. One of the important conclusions is "the right way": "The so-called rule of the country means a sense of security for the elderly and filial piety for relatives; Long and popular in the world; On T-shirts, people are not twice as lonely as people. A gentleman is also a Tao for a moment. " If a gentleman can lead by example and push himself and others, the people will follow suit. Cultivate one's morality first, then you can rule the country and level the world. This is the way of university.
Before reading The Doctrine of the Mean, I always mistakenly thought that the Doctrine of the Mean was nothing more than neutrality, and people who knew the Doctrine of the Mean were too smooth to get along with. After reading The Doctrine of the Mean, I feel ashamed. I really misunderstood the meaning of the golden mean for so many years.
The so-called doctrine of the mean does not mean to be wise to protect ourselves, but to do our best when the country has a road, and its words are enough to prosper the country; If the country has no choice, it will hide its light and bide its time, which is enough to shelter itself from disasters. Both wisdom and philosophy are great wisdom.
No wonder the ancient golden mean is a profound knowledge of being an official. In its position, it can bend and stretch, advance and attack, retreat and defend. No more, no less. This is the golden mean.
Ancient prose is concise, but it is also very classic. Unfortunately, I missed such a classic book when I was young. Fortunately, there is still a chance to make up for it. If you have children in the future, you must not miss this classic that has been passed down for a hundred years.
Reading Notes on the Doctrine of the Mean in College 2 In this beautiful spring season in bloom, with the recommendation of the commentator, I finally got up the courage to pick up the Doctrine of the Mean in College, which I never wanted to read. At first, I found it difficult and difficult to understand. Later, I copied the original and the translation word for word, read the original against the translation and read it again and again. I was moved by the classics, marveling at the profoundness of China culture, and even more sighing.
Although I have finished reading the whole book, it is still very difficult to read and understand the content because of my own understanding and ability, and I need to read and feel it repeatedly. Even though I didn't read it thoroughly, there were still some paragraphs and sentences in the book that deeply touched me.
First of all, "those who want to cultivate themselves should first correct their hearts." If you want to be right, be sincere first. He who desires sincerity is a prophet. Knowing is the most important thing. "it means: to have virtue, we must first correct our thinking; If you want to be correct, you must make your thoughts sincere; If you want to make your thoughts sincere, you must first let yourself acquire knowledge; If you want to acquire knowledge, you must let yourself know and study everything in the world; The acquisition of knowledge lies in being able to seriously explore everything in the world. Among them, the sentence "To cultivate one's morality, be upright first" touched my heart and made me reflect more. When we call students who are studying other courses to the office to make up lessons, are we really doing it for the children? Or for your own teaching achievements? When two different students make exactly the same mistakes, can we really treat and deal with them in the same attitude and way? When we are not understood by students or parents, can we still stick to our original intention and the education we should have? Too many past events are repeated in our minds. I think if we really correct our thinking and cultivate virtue, many problems will become simple.
Secondly, "new is new, new is new" means that if you update today, you must get rid of the old and update every day and keep updating. As a teacher, it is difficult to teach innovative students if they keep their original fixed concepts and methods, don't want to update their concepts and innovative methods, and can't keep pace with the times.
Once again, "a gentleman has himself, and then asks for others; Without self, then not everyone. " It means: a gentleman does good by himself and then asks others; Don't do some evil things yourself and then blame others. I felt a little ashamed when I read this passage. As a teacher, I often tell my students the importance of reading and the importance of adhering to the habit formation, but I seldom really read and never insist on one thing for a long time. There are also some parents who often put forward some high requirements for their children, but never set an example for them. As adults, we can't set an example, but it is probably against the principle to ask our children to do something. In fact, sometimes, what we want our children to do doesn't have to be asked and forced by words. If we want our children to do something, we should act first, and the children will have the behaviors and changes we expect in this subtle way, so as to grow better.
Finally, "self-righteous, without asking others, there will be no complaints, no complaints, and no special kindness to others." If you can really straighten yourself out and don't ask others for help, there will be no resentment. Don't complain, don't complain. Learn to find reasons for everything from yourself, and all problems will be solved. If you keep complaining, life will become dull and meaningless. Remember "I have changed, and the world has changed".
Of course, the classics have never brought me such a small feeling. It moistens my soul, makes my life full of vitality, and suddenly feels relieved and free and easy about many things. Read it again and find that the contents in the book are related, not independent. Calm down and read with your heart, the classics will bring us more enlightenment and miracles.
It is hard to understand that the experience summed up by the ancients thousands of years ago is still classic today when technology is so developed. This is my feeling when I read The Doctrine of the Mean. The more I read and understand it, the stronger this feeling becomes.
Not every sentence in The Doctrine of the Mean makes sense, but most of them are thought-provoking. Among them, I am most impressed and agree that "everything is prepared, and if it is not prepared, it will be wasted." "Yu" in the sentence means "plan" and "prepare". This sentence can be simply understood as: "If you do anything, you can succeed as long as you make careful plans and adequate preparations in advance;" If you do not plan or prepare in advance, you may fail. "
There are many examples around us to prove this.
Last Friday's recitation contest, our class won the first prize again. This first prize is also hard-won. As soon as the teacher received the notice, he planned the topic first, and then organized us to practice. In the first few days, the teacher not only practiced at school, but also asked us to go home and practice reading every day. In fact, this is well prepared. Two days before the game, the teacher rehearsed one or two lessons for us every day. At this time, she paid special attention to correcting our stage effect. In the official competition, all the students in our class are superior to other classes in pronunciation and mellow voice, mental outlook and emotional input. Now, if the teacher didn't plan ahead and organize us to make full preparations, it would be difficult for us to win the first prize.
I have done many things without planning and preparation in advance, and of course I have tasted many failures. For example, on a Sunday afternoon, I remember that I had another homework to do handwritten newspapers, so I was in a hurry to do handwritten newspapers. When I looked for a4 paper, I found it was gone, so my father bought it for me immediately. At this time, I found that I didn't know what to draw or write. Finally, I finished painting and found that the crayons were left at school, and my father went to buy them for me again. It took four or five hours to make a poor quality handwritten newspaper. Later, I thought that if the materials were prepared in advance and the layout and content of the handwritten newspaper were designed, I felt that this handwritten newspaper was not only of higher quality, but also took much less time.
Now, when I am doing things and studying, I often think of the important working principle of "everything is prepared, and if it is not prepared, it will be wasted".
The Doctrine of the Mean in University Reading Notes 4 The Doctrine of the Mean in University consists of two parts, one is the University and the other is the Doctrine of the Mean, both of which are part of the Book of Rites.
"University" includes eleven chapters, namely, Ming Dow, loving the people, stopping at perfection, learning from the classics, sincerity, self-cultivation, keeping the family in order and governing the country. "University" takes the cultivation of human beings as the core, and puts forward that "from the emperor to Shu Ren, it is also self-cultivation". The method of self-cultivation emphasizes that human cultivation is not only a process of introspection, but also a process of getting in touch with foreign things, acquiring knowledge through studying physics, cultivating moral character and perfecting personality. It is Zhu's "Three Programmes", which aims to show virtue, educate people and stop at perfection, emphasize the triple realm of moral cultivation, carry forward virtue, make people turn over a new leaf and achieve the ultimate goal of educating the world. Zhu's "eight items" are "respecting things, knowing things, being sincere, upright, cultivating oneself, keeping the family in order, governing the country and leveling the world".
"The way of university, in Ming Ming DE. In Xinmin. Stop at the best. Zhi Zhi then has a decision, then he can be quiet, then he can be quiet, then he can be safe, then he can worry, and then he can be virtuous. Things have a beginning and an end, and things have a beginning. Take shortcuts when you know the order. " This passage is an account of "The University" and the general outline of this book, revealing the purpose of the university. The purpose of the university is to carry forward the aboveboard moral character and let people abandon the old and innovate. Only when they get the perfect state and know what they should achieve can they determine their ambitions. Only when they make up their minds can they be calm and thoughtful.
Everything has roots, branches and tails, and everything has a beginning and an end. Knowing the whole process, we are close to the law of the development of things. After reading this part, it is really reasonable to connect with reality. Learning and learning need a quiet and peaceful mind, so that we can think calmly, think about our own research problems, and think carefully about the problems, so as to grasp the key and laws of the problems. On the contrary, if you have no patience, it will be difficult to think about the problem seriously and comprehensively and analyze it deeply.
What impressed me most about reading "University" was integrity. Righteousness is to keep the integrity of the heart, that is, to keep the conscience in nature, not to be dominated by personal likes and dislikes, personal feelings and selfish desires, that is, to grasp one's own emotions and mentality, so as to maintain a good mentality. In real life, our minds cannot be right because of anger, fear, preference and anxiety. Writing here, I can't help but think of the classic video of Zhai Guoxue that the teacher showed us in the next semester of junior year, which mentioned that being a man should have serious opinions and positive thinking. It turns out that it has something in common with Zheng Xin in the university.
The doctrine of the mean emphasizes "sincerity" and holds that "sincerity" is the key to the realistic doctrine of the mean. The Doctrine of the Mean has many contents, including 33 chapters. It is believed that the golden mean is more suitable for personal cultivation, and the chapters of great wisdom and virtue, plain concealment, plain positioning, long journey, honesty and integrity, and the examples followed have special practical significance.
I only knew a little about the understanding of the golden mean before, but I didn't know much until I really studied it. In the second chapter "Time", "Time" refers not only to time and times, but also to opportunities. We can neither surpass the stage nor be abandoned by the times. We can neither be aggressive nor complacent. Surpassing the reality is extreme, and keeping up with the pace is backward. I think most of the meaning of the golden mean is consistent with the concept of "being in time". However, different schools have different understandings of the precise understanding of the golden mean.
The highest ideological realm in Confucianism is the golden mean, and the "golden mean" here is tolerance and utilization. Is to tolerate all objective existence and make rational use of it. In specific events, no matter what their nature, they all contain certain inevitable significance and should be accepted. In the specific operation, we should make appropriate choices and grasp moderation. That is to say, under specific time and space conditions, make appropriate behavior. Zhuangzi believes that the doctrine of the mean is reason, the doctrine of the mean is action, and the doctrine of the mean is the unity of knowledge and action. Zhu's understanding of the golden mean is impartiality and innocence, which is simple to say, but it is too difficult when we can do it in life. Because to achieve the golden mean, we must be impartial, seek a meeting point between the two ends, and be just right in the change of dynamic and static, which is really difficult for us in reality.
In addition, the most talked about in The Doctrine of the Mean is "sincerity". Be honest with yourself, your family and outsiders. A sincere person, his character is sincere, his thoughts are as deep as a pool of water, and his mind is as broad as the blue sky. In fact, the reality is the same. Honesty should be a person's basic morality, an important principle to get along with others and the cornerstone of the cause. If there is no integrity, then if you are not honest with yourself, you will not be cautious; If you are dishonest to others, others will not believe you; If an enterprise is dishonest, it will not prosper.
The Chinese nation has a long history and splendid culture, and classical cultural masterpieces are an important part of splendid culture. At the beginning of the new year, our college organized the study of the Analects of Confucius, a traditional culture, and now it has organized the study of the golden mean in universities. Through these two studies, I not only realized the classics and profoundness of classical culture, but also felt the guiding significance of China traditional culture to myself.
"The way of university, in Ming Ming DE. In Xinmin. Stop at the best. Zhi Zhi then has a decision, then he can be quiet, then he can be quiet, then he can be safe, then he can worry, and then he can be virtuous. Things have a beginning and an end, and things have a beginning. Take shortcuts when you know the order. " This passage is the narration of "The University" and the general outline of this book, revealing the purpose of the university. After reading this part, I know that I should have a quiet and peaceful attitude in my study and work, so that I can think calmly, think about the problems I have studied, think carefully about the problems, and grasp the key and laws of the problems. This is very important to me who works in the court. Before the trial, I should carefully read every case file, make preparations before the trial, grasp the focus of controversy in the trial process, and investigate and hear cases around the focus of controversy. However, in practice, most of the parties lack the experience and skills to appear in court, so they can't put forward their own views, grasp the key points and find the right focus. Instead, they adopt a straightforward method or a method of saying wherever they want to go. This requires the judge to have a quiet and peaceful mind, to be calm and thoughtful, to observe the mood of the parties with an equal and inclusive attitude, to ponder the psychology of the parties, to "prescribe the right medicine" in time and accurately, to find a breakthrough point for properly solving problems and to resolve disputes in time. On the contrary, if you have no patience, it is difficult to think about the case seriously and comprehensively.
Another profound feeling of reading "University" is integrity, that is, to maintain inner integrity, that is, to maintain an essential conscience, free from external influence, free from personal feelings, fair judgment and impartiality. In the specific process of hearing litigation cases, we should be objective and neutral, keep the same distance from all parties, be fair, make a fair judgment based on facts and laws, and fairly protect the legitimate substantive rights and interests of all parties to litigation. As the ultimate solution to disputes, we must maintain a strict neutral position, which in itself cannot represent any will and interests. We can only fairly determine which interests should be excluded and which interests should be protected according to the facts confirmed according to law, the norms stipulated by law and the correct understanding of the spirit of jurisprudence, so that personal interests, national interests and social interests can be equally respected and protected by law.
After reading The Doctrine of the Mean, what impressed me deeply was that I understood that "the most important thing in the world is the harmony between people". Although this is a person's behavior, but this behavior is applied to our judge's trial case, which is harmonious judgment and mediation. The mediation system, which enjoys the reputation of oriental experience, emphasizes the effect of "harmony" and is also the best way to solve disputes. At present, the establishment of the universal "great mediation" mechanism also embodies the fine tradition of the Chinese nation that "harmony is the most important" and "litigation is stopped". "Harmony" is not to avoid contradictions, but to analyze the psychology of the parties, pay attention to explaining the law, find out the facts of the case, pay attention to ways and means, and conduct detailed legal analysis and fact analysis so that the parties can win or lose. Through mediation, not only contradictions and disputes are reasonably solved, but also the emotions of the parties are straightened out, and the confrontation and conflict between them are alleviated and resolved, thus achieving the effect of turning enemies into friends and rebuilding harmonious relations.
Last Sunday, 008 teacher caught me, so I won't explain many of my grievances one by one, because there is no reason to talk to my life teacher here. What is rationality? They always take it for granted that I am a teacher with a loud voice and defile the word "teacher". You can imagine how shameless animals are. It's not easy to get to the point In 2008, I used my spare time to read three books from primary school to high school, The Analects of Confucius, University and The Doctrine of the Mean. First of all, I feel that China culture is really profound and the cultural tradition of the whole nation. Ordinary people are the majority in the world, and their greatest wish is that politicians should leave them alone, work with peace of mind, earn a little money, enjoy their old age and get tired. But the reality is cruel. There are always a few people in history who like to make trouble. Hit him today and knock you tomorrow, and the people are the biggest victims of a war. At this time, Confucius appeared. He believes that the rulers should have different opinions, so that they can win the support of the people, and so do the people. Confucius' thought is exactly what the people think, so it will be loved and recommended by the people. Dong Zhongshu, who was born in poverty in the Western Han Dynasty, was one of them.
The main idea of Confucianism is benevolence. What is benevolence? Confucius believes that solemnity, generosity, honesty, diligence and kindness are benevolence. Of course, it is difficult to do one thing, but just imagine, if an emperor can do all this, he is a solemn, generous, honest, diligent and kind emperor, can he still govern the country well?
Judging from the historical law, good people almost have no good end. Liu Bei treats the world with benevolence and righteousness. Although many people supported him, he still regretted not unifying the world for life. Zhu Yunwen, the Ming Emperor, was a really good man, but he was finally forced to abdicate by his brother. A good horse is ridden, and a good man is bullied.