There is a prime minister village in Shanxi Province. In China's 2,000-year-old feudal society, there was a unique family with a global outlook. This is Pei's home in Hedong. The birthplace of this clan is now Peibai Village, Liyuan Town, wenxi county. The origin of "Pei's family" Pei's family has been a prominent family in the Sanjin Dynasty since ancient times, and it is also a famous family in the history of China. "Since the qin and han dynasties, to the six dynasties, sui and tang dynasties. Five generations later, Yu Fang still exists. In the next two thousand years, heroes, heroes and virtuous men stood shoulder to shoulder, sharing weal and woe, and there were great men in history. " The prosperity of his family figures and moral articles is unique in Chinese and foreign history. Pei's family is a prince, with endless crowns. More than 600 official biographies and columns; No fewer than a thousand people have their names remembered by future generations; There are more than 3000 officials above grade seven. For more than two thousand years, there are 59 prime ministers, 59 generals, 14 assistant ministers, 55 ministers, 44 assistant ministers, 1 1 constant attendants,1/suggestion, 21. He also married into the royal family many times, with three queens, four princesses and two princesses, 2 1 horse. From the Han, Wei, Southern and Northern Dynasties to the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties, the Pei family has made outstanding contributions in politics, economy, military affairs and diplomacy in the historical process of more than 2,000 years in China. There were no fewer than dozens of famous ministers who were active in politics during the Sui and Tang Dynasties alone. Famous politicians include Pei Xiu, Pei Kai, Pei Yun, Pei Ju, He Pei, Pei Rangzhi, Pei Zheng, Pei Ji, Zhou Pei, Pei Du and Shu Fei. Military strategists include Pei Xingjian, Pei Mao, Pei Qian, Pei Shuye, Jia Pei, Pei Jun, Pei Yan, Pei Kuan, Guo Pei, Pei Wenju, Pei Jingmin and Pei Ji. Jurists have Pei Zheng; Diplomats include Pei Ju and Pei Shiqing. Pei Zheng was a famous prime minister and jurist in Sui Dynasty. According to Sui Shu, Pei Zheng's breaking the prison won the hearts of the people. Because he dared to speak out and make suggestions, he was famous both inside and outside the imperial court. After Emperor Wendi of the Sui Dynasty succeeded to the throne, Pei Zheng and others were ordered to formulate the new law of the Sui Dynasty, the Law of Opening the Emperor. Pei Zheng adopted various criminal codes of Wei, Jin, Qi, Liang and other Southern and Northern Dynasties. He abolished the pre-existing torture such as beheading and flogging, and all the torture such as sticks, poison sticks, car spokes and ankles used in torture, and stipulated that if people have grievances, they can appeal to counties, States and provinces in turn, and those who still ignore them can directly appeal to the Ministry of Justice. The Law of Kai Huang is an epoch-making ancient criminal code, which is more enlightened than any laws and regulations of past dynasties in both content and form, and has laid a standard format for later legislation. Wang Fuzhi, a great thinker in the Ming Dynasty, spoke highly of this: "Modern law is roughly the place where Sui and Pei Zheng lived", which shows its far-reaching influence. Pei, a minor official of Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty, has nine achievements. The official history didn't even give him a biography, but he was the first foreign minister in the history of China to lead a friendly delegation to visit Japan. In the third year of Sui Daye (607), Japan sent its envoy Sister Ono to visit Sui and arrived in Chang 'an in March of the following year. Entrusted by Emperor Yang Di, Pei led a delegation of Sui Dynasty 13 people to pay a return visit to Japan to meet the Emperor of Japan and present cultural relics and credentials. His credentials were preserved in the Japanese book "Japanese Secretary", which became a permanent historical witness and made outstanding contributions to the development of good-neighborly and friendly relations between China and Japan. Pei Ju (547-627), a famous prime minister in the Three Kingdoms period, had jobs in the Zhou, Sui and Tang Dynasties. He is honest and honest, and his name is quite clear. Successive civil affairs assistant minister, civil history assistant minister, Zuo Cheng, Shangshu, Shangshu. When Yang Di was in Sui Dynasty, Pei Ju was appointed to Zhangye (now Gansu) to take charge of trade with western countries. In contact with businessmen from various countries, he obtained a lot of valuable information about politics, economy, culture, transportation and other countries in the Western Region, and compiled it into three volumes. The book not only introduces the national conditions of 44 countries in the western regions with a large number of words, but also draws many maps, marking three avenues from Dunhuang to the Mediterranean, among which Zhonglu and Nanlu are the famous "Silk Road" in history. Pei Ji, the founding father of the Tang Dynasty, was far-sighted and obedient, helped Li Yuan to raise troops in Jinyang and established the Li Tang Dynasty. Pei Yaoqing (68 1-743), the prime minister of the Tang Dynasty, devoted himself to rectifying grain transportation, ensuring the smooth waterway of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project and solving the problem of grain shortage in the border areas of the Tang Dynasty, which lasted for decades. This is a much-told story during the Kaiyuan period. Pei Du, a generation of wise men, has been praised from generation to generation and is famous in history. Among the politicians in the Tang Dynasty, Pei Du's name can be compared with Wei Zhi and others in the early Tang Dynasty. He has been ambitious and upright since he was young. The greatest achievement of his life is to try his best to level the separatist forces in the buffer region again and again. Especially in the Wu Yuanji rebellion in Huaixi Fanzhen, he stood firm, turned the tide, and made outstanding achievements, which reunified the Tang Dynasty and led to the political situation of "Yuan Zhongxing". After the Huai Rebellion was pacified, Tang Xianzong named Pei Du as the national pillar and Jin Gong. Later, due to the treacherous court official's frame-up, Pei Du experienced three ups and downs, entered the phase several times and went out of the Francisco several times. Pei Du lived in the four dynasties of Li Xiangxiang, Mu Zong, Jing Zong and Wenzong. Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan, Bai Juyi and Liu Yuxi. Everyone wrote poems to praise his achievements. Some of his deeds have even been compiled into legendary novels, which are widely circulated among the people. Careful readers can easily find that there are 59 prime ministers, but how can there be 60? It turns out that Fudi Village, opposite Peibai Village, is the hometown of Zhao Ding, a famous figure in the Southern Song Dynasty. Zhao Ding recommended Yue Fei, opposed surrender, advocated resistance to gold, and finally died of hunger strike. The two villages are close at hand, almost connected into one village, so there is this saying. In various academic fields, the outstanding achievements of the Pei family are even more brilliant, shining through the ages and countless. Pei Xiu (224-27 1), a cartographer in the Western Jin Dynasty, summed up the experience of ancient map drawing in China and creatively formulated the principles of "six-body mapping", namely, scale (scale), quasi-sight (azimuth), tunnel (distance), competition (terrain fluctuation), evil (inclination) and circuitous (river, straight). He is known as "the father of cartography in China". Pei Songzhi, Pei and Pei were the "Three Peis of Historiography" in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, and they all enjoyed a high reputation in the study of history. Pei Songzhi wrote 65 volumes of notes for Chen Shou's "The History of the Three Kingdoms" and collected a large number of books. It is the first time in the history of notes that the historical materials are informative and have been passed down through the ages. Song Wendi praised him as "immortal in Shi Pei's time!" His son Pei Ma took notes in Sima Qian's Historical Records and wrote 80 volumes of Historical Records, which were handed down to the world. Pei, his grandson, wrote 20 volumes of Chronicle of Song Dynasty, and his narration and comments exceeded the level of History of Song Dynasty. Both works have great influence and are enduring. Pei Cheng, a novelist in the Tang Dynasty, wrote Legend. The proper term "legend" was first put forward, and later developed into a new novel style, which is more and more full of vitality and deeply loved by the world. For more than 1000 years, the Pei family has been a great wonder in Chinese and foreign history. Therefore, in China's historical dramas, there are several dramas that show Pei's family, such as Journey to the West Lake, Li Huiniang, Pei Heng's Fairy Encounter and Legend of the White Snake, which are all related to Pei's family. Fahai in the famous drama The Legend of the White Snake is the son of Pei Xiu, a politician and calligrapher in the early Tang Dynasty. Fahai in history was originally a positive figure, but after the birth of novels in Ming and Qing Dynasties, Fahai became a negative figure, which is also strange. As a unique historical and cultural phenomenon, the prosperity and glory of the Pei family for more than two thousand years have aroused people's deep thinking. Thinkers in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties traced back to the reasons for Pei Changsheng's prosperity and summarized them into three things, namely marriage, heredity and self-improvement. In the history of Pei's family, there are 95 people who belong to Ma, Empress, Princess, Princess and Actress respectively. The nepotism formed by marriage and heredity is undoubtedly the superior condition for Pei's characters to stand out, but it is not the main reason. For tens of millions of Pei families among princes, the decisive reason is to attach importance to education, strive for self-improvement and work hard. The main characteristics of Pei Jiafeng are "emphasizing teaching and observing training, respecting literature and martial arts, having both ability and political integrity, being honest and self-disciplined". The Pei family once had a family rule that children and grandchildren were not allowed to enter the ancestral hall door, following the "jade is not cut, not abrasive; People don't teach, they don't know righteousness. "Peibai Village still retains the tradition of attaching importance to education. Almost every gatehouse has the word "plow and read", and there are no children who don't go to school below junior high school. Since the reform and opening up, more than 30 people in the village have been admitted to universities.