1, respectively, sampling and adding ethanol solution of silver nitrate, and 2- methyl -2- chloropropane immediately produces white precipitate; 2- chlorobutane needs to be left for a period of time to produce white precipitate; Chlorobutadiene only produces white precipitate when heated.

2, respectively sampling and adding the ethanol solution of silver nitrate to immediately generate light yellow precipitate, namely tert-butyl bromide and allyl bromide, and then respectively adding the carbon tetrachloride solution of bromine into the two solutions, wherein the color of allyl bromide disappears and tert-butyl bromide does not appear; Bromopropane and 1- bromopropene do not produce precipitation, and the carbon tetrachloride solution in which bromine is added respectively loses the color of bromine, while bromopropane does not react.

3. Sampling and adding ethanol solution of nitric acid respectively, and then heating, yellow precipitate is iodobutane, light yellow precipitate is bromobutane, and white precipitate is chlorobutane.

4. Samples were taken separately, and the ethanol solution of silver nitrate was added. Benzyl chloride produced white precipitate immediately, and 1- benzene -2- chloroethane produced white precipitate when heated.