1, Confucianism: Confucianism with the most profound influence on the Chinese nation. Confucius awarded a hundred philosophers, and Confucius had no works in his life. It was the disciples who compiled The Record of Confucius' Words and Actions, which was compiled by later generations before the Analects and other later works were produced.
2. Mohism: The representative of Mohism is Mo Zhai. The masterpiece is Mozi. Mohism is in sharp contrast with Confucianism, which can be said to be incompatible. Mohism advocates universal love, mutual non-aggression, frugality, saving burial and recommending talents. Mohism believes that people should not be divided into classes, but should be equal and love each other.
3. Taoism: It has a far-reaching influence on later generations of China. It can be said that China culture is a combination of Taoist culture and Confucian culture. Speaking of Taoism, it's like mentioning "Laozi", who is considered as the founder of Taoism. However, whether Laozi really exists or not, and whether Laozi written by Tao Te Ching, also known as "Laozi", is really written by this person, has been controversial by later generations.
4. Legalists: The representative figure of legalists is Han Fei, and his masterpiece is Han Feizi. Han Feizi is also a critic of Confucianism. He believes that history is developing forward, and people should govern the country according to actual needs, instead of copying the ancient Yao and Shun thoughts.
Brief introduction of a hundred schools of thought contend
Hundred schools of thought, the floorboard of scholars and schools in the pre-Qin period. The philosophers refer to Laozi, Zhuangzi, Confucius, Mencius, Xunzi, Mozi, Liezi, Sunzi, Shenzi, Hanfeizi, Guiguzi, Gaozi and other representatives of China's pre-Qin academic thoughts. In the late Spring and Autumn Period, there appeared different academic schools with considerable social influence, such as Taoism, Confucianism, Mohism, famous artists, Legalists, military strategists, and Yin and Yang scholars. By the mid-Warring States period, a hundred schools of thought were contending, and many theories were colorful, which laid a solid foundation for China culture.
According to the Records of Hanshu Yiwenzhi, there are 189 kinds of books and 4,324 kinds of works that can be counted as names. Later books, such as Annals of Sui Shu Classics and Records of Sikuquanshu, recorded thousands of "schools of thought contend". However, dozens of them are widely circulated, influential and famous. To sum up, only 12 school has developed into a school.