Six elements of news
Six elements: including "five W's": who (who), what (what) when (when), where (why) and "one H": how (how), that is, time, place, people, the cause, process and result of the event.
Clarifying these six elements has three major effects on news work:
First of all, it helps reporters to quickly understand the main points of each fact when interviewing news.
Second, it helps reporters to quickly grasp the news focus, especially in the writing of news leads.
Third, it helps to understand the meaning of news genre.
There are many formats of press releases, which are constantly explored in the development of journalism, and the formats are different in different periods. There are several news formats:
Writing rules: newsworthy, correct in format and moving in title. The content is concise, the narration is friendly, and the readability is high. The appropriate length is 1 to 2 pages (especially 1 page). Writing skills: concise, clear paragraphs, short sentences, and refreshing typesetting. Avoid being divorced from facts, unclear explanations and empty contents. A good press release should not only have news value, grasp the main demands and be in the right format, but also strive to be concise, the narrative should be based on facts, the title of the manuscript should be concise, prominent and attractive, avoid obscure words and improve the readability of the manuscript.
inverted pyramid
One is the "inverted pyramid" style originated from the American press. This format is widely imitated because it caters to the audience's acceptance psychology. Now many domestic metropolis newspapers use this format.
The basic format (except the title) is: write the most newsworthy part of a news event in the introduction (newsworthy is the most prominent, latest and attractive part of the news). For example, after a ball game, what the audience/readers/listeners want most is the result or the performance of a player, so write from here first.
Secondly, in the body of the report, according to the importance of each element of the incident, it is written down in descending order, and the last is the least important. At the same time, note that only one event element can be written in a paragraph, but not all.
Because this format does not conform to the basic time sequence of event development, we should try our best to conceive from the perspective of the audience and arrange the event elements according to the audience's understanding of the importance of the event. Therefore, we need long-term practical experience and a macro understanding of the audience.
Xinhua style
The other is the combination of Chinese and foreign-Xinhua style. China's news reports generally follow the chronological order, but this "storytelling" writing style is no longer suitable for the reading habits of the audience (most people don't have time to listen to your long speeches), so the "Xinhua Style" was born under the condition of absorbing the advantages of Chinese and foreign news reports.
The basic format (except the title) is: 1. The most important part of the event is concisely reflected in the introduction.
Secondly, in the second paragraph, this important part of the introduction is further elaborated to form a support so that the audience will not form a psychological gap when accepting it. So the second paragraph is actually a transition.
Third, tell stories in chronological order.
The above are common news reporting formats.
Headlines are very important for news reports, and even a headline is a report. Therefore, the title should refine the "essence" of news events, reflect the most attractive places, and be concise at the same time. If necessary, you can add a quotation before the main title and then a subtitle. If you want to write a long investigative report and in-depth report, you should pay attention to adding some subtitles to the text according to the need of clear narrative of the event, so as to summarize part of the content and make it easy for the audience to read (for print media).
Wall street journal
In addition, there is a very popular format called "DEE", that is, the main feature of this format is a "shot" in the news event at the beginning of the article, which is generally based on a person's words and deeds, thus leading to the whole news report, such as the news that the central bank wants to raise the mortgage interest rate. News reports can be written from the housing loan behavior of an ordinary citizen, which is closer to reality, the masses and life.