The leaders of ancient Jiang tribes in China were honored as Shennong, Wei Xiao, Lianshan and Lieshan, and Zhu Xiang, posthumous title (it is still controversial, and it is also said that three generations of leaders of Zhu Xiang tribe were honored).
Legend has it that the leader of this tribe is called Jiang. Because he knows how to use fire to get the throne, he is called Emperor Yan. Since Shennong, there have been nine generations of Yandi, who gave birth to Wei Xiao, Ming Di, Zhidi, Taizu, Aidi and Kedihe, which have been passed down for 530 years.
Yan Di lived in the Neolithic Age. At present, there are six disputes about Yan Di's hometown: Baoji in Shaanxi, Lianshan in Huitong, Hunan, Yanling in Zhuzhou, Hubei Suizhou, Gaoping in Shanxi and zhecheng county in Henan. .
Tribal activities in Yan Di are in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, in Jiang Shui (now Qingjiang in Weibin District of Baoji City, now Qishan County of Baoji City). ) Tribes began to prosper in this area. At first, their capital was in Chen Di, and later they moved to Qufu.
According to legend, Emperor Yan is the head of a cow. He personally tasted hundreds of herbs and developed herbs to treat diseases. He invented slash-and-burn cultivation and created two kinds of agricultural tools to teach people to reclaim land and grow food crops; He also led the tribal people to make pottery and cookers for food.
Legend has it that Yan Di Tribe later formed an alliance with Huangdi Tribe, and * * * defeated Chiyou. People in China (not only the Han nationality) call themselves descendants of the Yellow Emperor, and regard Yandi and Huangdi as the earliest ancestors of the Chinese nation's humanities, which has become the spiritual driving force for the Chinese nation's United struggle. ?
Emperor Yan was honored by Taoism as Shennong, also known as Wuyi Shennong.
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China Yan Di research scholars released a new achievement: Yan Di is from Shaanxi.
"Emperor Yan was born in Shanxi, grew up in Shanxi and was finally buried in Shanxi. We want the whole world to reach a * * * understanding that Emperor Yan is from Shanxi. " This is a very rare conclusion about Yan Di's statement at the Yan Di Cultural Seminar of Shaanxi Gaoping Shennong held in Beijing on 23rd.
This is the latest research achievement of Zhou Yunzhong, an associate professor in the history department of Xiamen University. At the seminar, he quoted classics and expounded his views to experts and scholars on both sides of the strait.
Zhou Yunzhong first discovered the ancient records about "Candle dragon" from the historical materials such as Shan Hai Jing Overseas North Jing, Chu Ci Tian Wen and Huai Nan Zi Topography.
"Candle dragon is an ancient man who saw a fire belt shaped like a dragon underground. At that time, people were afraid and began to worship, which was consistent with Emperor Yan's worship of fire. "
Zhou Yunzhong said that according to historical records, the place where Candle dragon happened is now Shanxi, and the reason for this phenomenon is the spontaneous combustion of underground coal mines in Shanxi.
The Biography of Zhou Ju in the Later Han Dynasty and Shu Wei both recorded the spontaneous combustion of underground coal mines in Shanxi. Shu Wei said: "In May of the eighth year of Taihe, Qinxian Ze in Hanoi spontaneously ignited, slightly increasing to more than 100 steps, and it was extinguished on the fifth day ... In the winter of Wuding for three years, the mountain fire went underground and hot air came out."
In addition, judging from the distribution of China's surname, Zhou Yunzhong also thinks that Yandi came from Shaanxi. Zhou Yunzhong presented the participants with an authoritative map of China's surname. These surnames are certifiable descendants of Emperor Yan and are widely recognized in academic circles.
"In the surnames of the descendants of Emperor Yan, Yue, Shen, Jiao and Lu are the majority. Judging from the color diffusion momentum of the distribution map, these surnames are all extended from Shanxi. In other words, the descendants of Emperor Yan migrated from Shanxi to all parts of the country. "
In recent years, there are different opinions about the ownership of Yan Diling. Yandi Mausoleum in Zhuzhou, Hunan Province, Yandi Mausoleum in Baoji, Shaanxi Province, Zhuxiang Mausoleum in Shangqiu, Henan Province, and Yandi Mausoleum in Gaoping, Shanxi Province all claimed to be the location of Yandi Mausoleum, forming a situation in which five provinces and four cities in China competed for Yan Di.
Compared with other provinces and cities, Shennong and Yan Di are often named as towns and villages, while Gaoping in Shaanxi is recognized by academic circles with more than 30 Yan Di temples and more than 65,438+000 stone carvings recording Yan Di's deeds. The wide distribution and large number of historical relics are rare in China.
2015165438+1October 10, local archaeologists in Gaoping, Shanxi Province discovered stone foundations, stone fences and ancient roads on Yangtou Mountain, and found pottery pieces from Yangshao culture period around the stone fence.
Zhao Zhimin, director of the Tourism and Cultural Relics Bureau of Gaoping City, said that through a series of comparison between unearthed cultural relics and historical documents, Gaoping is indeed the region with the richest legendary relics of Emperor Yan. The site may be Shennong City in history, about 5,000 years ago, which has become another important evidence of the hometown of Emperor Yan of Gaoping.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Yan Di
People's Daily Online-China Yan Di researchers released new results: Yan Di is from Shaanxi.