Item 1: Understand the functions of dashboard, including speedometer, tachometer, odometer, odometer, fuel gauge, water temperature gauge, oil pressure warning light, brake system warning light, etc.

Item 2: Understand the basic principle of adjusting rearview mirror and reversing mirror.

Item 3: Be familiar with and correctly use the system of turn signal, headlight, wiper and horn.

Fourth, control the steering wheel correctly, so as to hit as much as possible, hit less and return less, hit slowly and return slowly, and hit again and return quickly. Familiar with the position of each gear and the switching between gears.

Fifth, the cooperation between clutch pedal and accelerator pedal can be coordinated. When starting, the key points of operating the clutch pedal should be: start smoothly, don't turn off the engine, don't put in gear, and drive smoothly, especially when going uphill, in traffic jams and following cars.

Item 6: Safe speed, direction center. When a novice driver drives, he must first control the speed, and according to his own technical level, he should control the vehicles to avoid at the speed he thinks he can take care of. As long as he abides by traffic laws and drives at his own safe speed, such as turning off the engine and urging the horn to ring, don't pay too much attention to the acceleration of the vehicles next to him! Here is mainly to avoid their own panic!

Item 7: Road map. Beginners should think about where to go before driving, set the route in advance, screen out smoother roads, avoid complicated and difficult sections, and re-select the route as soon as possible when encountering traffic jams!

Item 8: Focus on prevention. Novice drivers should anticipate what may happen ahead when driving. For example, when turning, people may appear out of sight; When crossing the intersection, a car or a person suddenly broke out; The vehicle in front suddenly braked, etc. Through such a pre-judgment, I will be psychologically prepared to control the speed within a certain range and prevent problems before they happen.

Article 9: The traffic lights stop flashing. When you pass the traffic lights, you should look ahead at the flashing lights and the distance between the road and the pedestrians' senses! When the green light is flashing, you'd better not pass. Novices are not skilled in operating technology, and they are afraid that they will encounter an emergency when the green light flashes, and they will be unlucky!

Item 10: zebra crossing. When crossing the zebra crossing, if there are bicycles and pedestrians, you must slow down in advance and approach slowly. You can control the speed, stop at any time, and pass slowly. If there are pedestrians, you can stop in time and start again, and pass slowly!

Item 1 1: "white grid control area" cannot be suppressed. At the entrance and exit of the main road, there are generally white lane separation lines. Never press on it, no matter novice or veteran, you will be punished if you are photographed. Even if you don't take pictures, you should take full responsibility for what happened. "Bai" is good at people and can't ride!

Item 12: "Water of Dragonflies" rearview mirror. When you look in the rearview mirror, you can't stare. The view of "skimming water" is better. If you are not sure, you can read it several times. The rearview mirror is a supplement to progress and a sublimation of turning!

Item 13: Turn left and right. When turning left and right, remember to turn on the turn signal first, turn left and right along this lane first, don't change to the right and left lane immediately, take the left and right lanes, and go straight after your car turns. If you want to change to the left straight aisle, always pay attention to the left and right rearview mirrors before changing lanes to ensure safety. (More suitable for roads with more than three lanes) Some cars overtake when they feel that your car is slow. Remember to look in the rearview mirror!

Item 14: Drive according to the indicator light. Some students have just come out to drive, and sometimes they can't understand the direction indication of the light. Some traffic lights are marked with 1.2.3.4. People in the driveway should walk in turn. When a novice drives through a traffic light, the arrow light and the round light are unclear. Sometimes I see the round light is red, but the arrow for going straight or turning right is green. I don't know whether I should go straight or turn right. You can walk. There is a trick for novices to look at the lights: at each traffic light, first look at whether there is an arrow light, if there is an arrow light, press the arrow, if there is no arrow light, press the green and red of the round light, and stop. Otherwise, it is illegal!

Item 15: Change lanes while driving. When changing lanes, try not to cross more than two lanes at a time. The safe operation is to turn on the turn signal first, look at the rearview mirror, slowly change lanes first, slowly center, then look at the rearview mirror, then slowly change lanes and turn back to the turn signal. Changing from lane to lane will avoid being hit by blind spots.

Item 16: Choose the road first. What route you want to take should be thought out in advance, and the straight one should not come to the corner. You should choose the lane in advance at every intersection. Generally, there will be a route sign in the upper right corner about 200 meters away from the intersection, or the driveway on the ground will be marked with an arrow. Choose the lane according to the sign and change lanes in advance. When you change lanes on a solid line, it's troublesome to be photographed.

Article 17: always remember. The skill of novice drivers is on the rise. Sometimes there will be areas where you feel skilled, and then you will be very dexterous, and then you will forget your safe control speed, which is easy to rub. Especially when a car crosses the line during normal driving, the first thing to do is to brake down! Be sure to remember that "caution" is always the constant safety guarantee for driving!

Item 18: Entry and exit from expressway (expressway). Beginners should give themselves a transition period when entering and leaving expressway. Out of the high speed, into the ordinary road, still driving at high speed, easy to have an accident. It's best to stop and have a rest or slow down. The same is true when entering the highway. Don't increase the speed too much at once. Drive for a while, and it's not too late to speed up when you get used to it.

Item 19: Encountered a "roadblock". When driving normally, when there is an obstacle in front of your driveway, don't go around there. Look in the rearview mirror in advance and turn around to bypass the "roadblock". This will make the operation easier and the accident rate lower. If the car in front breaks down on the road, your own car will follow, try to reduce your mood. Look in the rearview mirror, turn on the turn signal and turn slowly into the driveway!

Item 20: Passing through narrow roads and complicated sections. Look, two slow, three stop. Stone! For example, when driving on a two-way road with only two lanes, one car is parked on the side of the road in its own direction and another car is coming head-on. At this time, I was about to overtake the car on the side of the road. A bicycle or a person appeared in front of the car on the side of the road. The narrow two lanes were particularly crowded at this time. In this case, it is best to stop at a place more than 3 meters away from the roadside car and wait for the oncoming car to pass or the bicycle to pass slowly. If you insist on crowding together, you may hit an oncoming car or be rubbed by a bicycle. Show me the way!

Article 21 Driving at night. Learn how to use all kinds of lights correctly, especially in urban areas. Don't turn on the headlights. You can sense the position of vehicles in all directions during driving and ensure the safe distance between vehicles and people, vehicles and other objects. And can skillfully use the rearview mirror to ensure the safety and passability of the vehicle.

Item 22: the direction of reversing. Novices often don't know where to hit when reversing or turning around. Remember: when reversing, the rear of the car can swing in any direction you want. Once not in place, twice in place. Natural masters may not be in place! Don't be afraid, we are studying!

Please remember that all caution and safe driving are the first! Novice drivers generally encounter two problems, one is familiar with the car, the other is familiar with the road, the following points:

First, be familiar with the car problem.

Familiarity with automobiles can be divided into familiarity with automobile structure and familiarity with automobile driving.

(A) the structure of the car

Now, although the cars you come into contact with are basically a kind of structure, there are still some differences between various cars. From the driving point of view, different engines (including working conditions) have different throttle responses, some are meat and some are thieves; Different clutches (hydraulic and mechanical) make the clutch pedal feel different, some are light and some are heavy; Different braking devices (with and without ABS) have different feelings and operating methods when stepping on the brakes; There are also differences between automatic transmission and manual transmission in driving.

Let's talk about Sail briefly. Sail's engine is an ordinary four-cylinder eight-valve, 1.6 liter displacement. Because the air intake is a little shorter, the air intake is a little worse (just like a chimney can smoke), and the throttle response is also a little less. But as long as you are willing to step on it, the acceleration performance is still great. Familiarity means familiarity with the strength and depth of stepping on the accelerator.

Sail's clutch is relatively light, much lighter than Volkswagen series cars, especially Santana. But the clutch pedal cannot be adjusted too high or too low. If it is too high, you will not find the joint point for a long time. Very low, sometimes unsociable.

Sail's braking device is equipped with ABS, so you can't use a little braking when braking. After stepping down, slow down a little, but don't lift it completely, and then step down a little until it stops. Often lightly stepping on the brakes can easily lead to the brake pedal not fully returning, that is, the more you step on it, the softer it becomes; At this time, you need to find a road without cars, increase the speed to about 60 kilometers, slam on the brakes, and bounce off after a few pedals. Because the brake is hydraulic, the braking force and reaction force are equal.

The driving of automatic transmission is mainly to be careful not to "open the throttle to the end". In other words, when driving, you often let go of the accelerator and slip the car. If you want to upshift as soon as possible, you must loosen the throttle, that is, "loosen the throttle to upshift"; When overtaking, if you want to downshift, you should slam on the accelerator, release it, and then accelerate. This is "slamming on the accelerator to downshift".

The driving of manual gear is mainly to pay attention not to use "high-grade low speed" for a long time (for example, running the fifth gear after 50 kilometers), which is easy to increase the carbon deposition of the engine. Also, try not to block the car with empty space when the speed is above 50 kilometers.

(2) car driving

(1) The main purpose of driving is to control the speed of a good car. Fast is fast, slow is slow. The methods of controlling vehicle speed mainly include throttle control, gear control and brake control.

1. Throttle control. The first control of the throttle is to control the throttle. The accelerator is not "stepped" but "pressed". The fuel-saving way to control the throttle is what people often say: "Imagine that there is an egg between your foot and the accelerator pedal. The egg can't be crushed when it is stepped on, and it can't be dropped when it is lifted. " Second, after accelerating to a certain speed (for example, when the speed limit is 60 kilometers, when accelerating to 60 kilometers), release the throttle and run away, and at the same time put your feet on the brake pedal to get ready (for safety).

2. Gear control. That is to say, on different roads, such as roads with a speed limit of 80km, the speed should change frequently between 50km and 80km. At this time, choosing the fourth gear can avoid unnecessary shifting back and forth and avoid being in a hurry. At the same time, the fuel consumption caused by gear shifting can be avoided.

3. Brake control. Although braking is the most effective way to reduce the speed, it is harmful to the braking device and costs a little oil. Therefore, in non-emergency situations and when parking is necessary, try not to step on the brakes and use the engine to slow down.

The hardest thing to practice in controlling the speed is to follow the car. When you keep a safe distance from the car in front, the car farther ahead slows down for a while and then accelerates. Seeing that the distance between you and the car in front is shortening, the car in front has no intention of stopping. At this time, you should be prepared to brake at any time (but don't brake) and closely observe the dynamics ahead. When the car in front stops, you stop. And often at that time, the front car accelerates again. If you hit the brakes, it will be more difficult to accelerate. This requires you to have a more accurate perception of the speed of your car and the distance from the car in front.

(2) In bad weather such as rain, snow, fog and wind, it is necessary to control the speed.

1. Rainy days, light rain is easy to say, when it is raining heavily, the line of sight is not good, and the speed is best controlled at 40-60 kilometers. Try to stay behind the car in front when wading, observe the terrain when there is no car wading, and don't rush into the water. When wading, use the first gear to drive past, wading at a constant speed, without shifting gears and accelerating rapidly.

2. Try to walk flat on snowy days to avoid the uphill and downhill roads in the bridge area. Try to walk through the crushed, not too thick snow trail. In the snow, you can start in the second gear and drive in the second gear, so you can drive to a speed of 40 kilometers and quickly drop to a speed of more than 20 kilometers.

3. In foggy days, turn on the fog lights regardless of visibility. When the visibility is tens of meters, you can also turn on the double flashing lights. Don't turn on the high beam (high beam is easy to diverge, but it is not easy to be seen by the opposite car). Don't forget to turn off the fog lights after the fog.

4. windy days, mainly windy days with magnitude 5 or above, have little to do with headwinds. The trouble is the crosswind, which often "grabs" your steering wheel. Therefore, first of all, we must control the speed, the speed of roads with few cars is faster, and the roads with many cars should be controlled at about 60 kilometers; The second is to try to take the middle lane.

(3) Turn around

In addition to controlling the speed of turning and turning, we should also have spatial imagination. Don't just stare at whether the front of the car can pass, but also think that the rear wheel is not "arcing" with the front wheel. Don't rub the rear wheel on the curb.

Second, be familiar with the problem of roads.

(1) urban roads

It is better to walk when the main roads and branches of urban roads are marked with lane separation lines, and it is better to walk on roads where vehicles are not separated. For roads without lines (in hutongs and residential areas, etc. ), pay attention to pedestrians and bicycles on the roadside. On the road with many lanes, you should observe the situation before and after, and prepare for overtaking, following and braking in advance. When merging, we should also observe the situation of all parties (this is the advantage of having a pair of large-field mirrors), and when it is confirmed that the adjacent lanes are sufficiently merged, we should speed up the passage decisively. If more than three roads merge from the left lane to the middle lane, the principle of "give way to the right" should be observed, that is, two cars merge from the left and right sides to the middle at the same time, and the left car lets the right car go first.

Some signs and markings on urban roads are often easily overlooked, so we should pay attention to them. For example, hexagonal, red and white (stop) signs (mostly set at the intersection of branch roads, and turn around under the bridge to enter the auxiliary crossing); The "parking observation" markings with white double-dotted lines and white triangular markings basically exist at the same time as the above signs. Before you go to these signs, you should observe whether there is a gap for you to enter on the road you want to enter. If not, you should stop and wait until you can enter.

(2) Highway

Aisles and provincial roads are easier to walk. The main thing to pay attention to in expressway is that there may be fewer cars and fewer people follow the rules. We should cheer up, concentrate, and pay close attention to all kinds of trends on the road and roadside.

(3) expressway

Expressway is easy to walk (except Beijing-Tianjin-Tanggu Expressway), and it is also a good place for novices to practice their cars. It's easy to combine people and cars as soon as possible, but it takes an old hand to run more times. If you can observe the surrounding situation, it is best to run in the middle lane; If it is almost the same, it is best to run in the outer lane, so that you can observe the situation of one lane less; If you can run the innermost side, you must run against the speed limit (1 10- 120km), not just 90km.

(4) Country roads

The main purpose of rural roads is to control the speed, pay close attention to the situation on both sides of the road (not one side), and never run over other people's chickens and cats. Try to walk in the middle of the road, and you will stagger when you meet a passing car. When it really doesn't work, stop and wait for the car opposite.

Finally, a common problem of a novice (that's when I came)-"pro-right". That is to say, no matter walking on wired or wireless roads, most people will consciously or unconsciously turn their cars to the right when they see a car coming in the distance, and even violently push away pedestrians on the roadside. This is because there is little practice in the coaching field of driving schools. In fact, you just look at the opposite car as if it is about to hit you, but everyone will be a little staggered when passing by. Sit tight before starting and check the instrument in the car accurately.

Oil pressure and voltage are stable, remember to adjust the rearview mirror.

Twist the key, grease your feet, and be careful with your hands and feet.

Step on the clutch and put it into reverse gear, release the handbrake and look back.

Pay attention to reversing when leaving the warehouse, and carefully observe the passing vehicles.

Gently step on the accelerator and slowly clutch, starting smoothly without stalling.

When the car body leaves the warehouse, the direction of the rear should be aligned.

Straighten the body, quickly hit the steering wheel, and step on the clutch brake.

Pay attention to moving the warehouse and reversing the car, and watch the width carefully.

Narrow position, moved several times, leaving space on both sides of the car body.

Pay attention to reversing when turning, and look inside carefully.

Measure the distance with the rearview mirror, and pay attention to the turning time.

Turn around and back safely, and don't let the rear wheel go out of the sideline.

Skillfully control the wheels to prevent danger from falling out of the ditch.

Put in first gear and look ahead. Drive smoothly, don't rob.

Speed up the car and shift it to second gear. Step by step, the shift should be smooth.

Drive calmly on the road and concentrate on driving slowly.

Ten times, nine times, come on, an accident is coming.

The road is difficult to drive the hero car, and the road can't stop the car.

Be sure to divide it into seven points and leave three points, just in case anything happens.

Quick response should be agile, and the situation judgment should be accurate.

Hesitation will get you into trouble, and indecision will miss the opportunity.

Pay attention to traffic signals and slow down in advance.

Look at the road signs carefully and pay attention to the driving direction.

The situation at the intersection is complicated. Observe carefully from left to right in front of the car.

Remember the traffic rules, the accident is just one or two meters away.

Turn in front of the road and look at the vehicle in the rearview mirror.

Vehicles can turn behind, and there are cars on the side to make way.

Avoid flexible wheeling and keep the rudder stable at high speed.

If the speed is slow, it is necessary to shift gears, and it is normal to downshift in time.

Cars will pull over on narrow roads and always pay attention to pedestrians.

Don't slow down when turning. Don't be careless when you step on the brakes.

There are many people and cars. Don't push hard, don't get angry and don't worry.

Lose your temper in a hurry. Once something happens, it will be too late.

Put neutral before braking, and slow down and slide in no hurry.

There are four taboos for driving in the fast lane, each of which should be kept in mind.

First, avoid speeding and driving too fast. Second, avoid driving too slowly.

Three don't mind wandering, four don't mind turning right at the intersection.

Look at the vehicle before overtaking, turn left when the road is clear.

Honk the horn to speed up overtaking. Don't hesitate to step on the gas.

Turn and slow down before answering, and pay attention to the vehicles behind.

The visibility of the road surface is poor in rainy days, so pay attention to slow down and prevent side slip.