1, Feuerbach
Feuerbach's criticism of Christianity had a great influence on society, and some of his views were accepted by some extremists in the struggle between the German church and the government. It also had a great influence on Karl Marx, although Marx did not agree with the mechanism in his view. Marx once wrote an Outline on Feuerbach, criticizing his metaphysical materialism. Adhere to the historical idealism.
2. Heraclitus
Heraclitus believes that the origin of all things is fire and the universe is an eternal living fire. His basic starting point is that this orderly universe was not created by God or human beings. The universe itself is its own creator, and the order of the universe is stipulated by its own logos. This is the essence of Heraclitus' theory and the inheritance and in-depth development of the simple materialism of the ancient Miletus school.
3.bacon
Francis Bacon was an essayist and philosopher in the English Renaissance. British materialist philosopher. He put forward the basic principles of materialism and empiricism, holding that feeling is the beginning of understanding, completely reliable and the source of all knowledge. He attaches great importance to the role of scientific experiments in cognition, and thinks that experiments are necessary to make up for the lack of senses and reveal the mysteries of nature in depth.
4. Marx
Marx was a great German thinker, political scientist, philosopher, economist, revolutionary theorist and sociologist. His major works include Das Kapital and Manifesto of Producers' Party. The famous philosophical thought founded by Marx is historical materialism, and its greatest wish is the all-round and free development of individuals.
5.engels
Engels and Marx wrote The Holy Family, which criticized the idealism in Hegel's philosophy and expounded some important principles of dialectical materialism and historical materialism. From 1845 to 1846, they co-authored the book German Ideology, which is the first book to systematically expound historical materialism.
1845, Engels wrote "The Situation of the British Working Class", which clearly pointed out for the first time that the political and economic status of the proletariat will inevitably push it to strive for its own liberation. Socialism will become a political force only if it becomes the goal of the political struggle of the working class.