1. With the establishment of the market economy, kindergartens have gradually separated from the units and embarked on the road of socialized development of self-development, self-improvement, self-financing and self-management. If the kindergarten lacks sufficient psychological preparation and endurance, it will be at a loss and get into trouble once there is no financial support from the higher authorities. Therefore, kindergartens should first correct their thinking, correctly think and grasp that kindergarten education is not compulsory education, and it has multiple attributes such as education, service, public welfare and industry. Its service determines who benefits and who pays, and its industry determines that there is output when there is input, which has both social and economic benefits. Without benefits, there will be no development.
2. Overcome the ideas of equality, dependence and importance, and change the welfare type into the management type. Kindergarten does not take profit as its fundamental purpose, but develops early childhood education by means of management. To highlight the function of preschool education in serving the society, we should understand the problem from the perspective of the unity of the purpose and mode of preschool education development, that is, the development of education is for the sake of society and must also rely on society, and society is the unity of educational investors and beneficiaries. Kindergartens must proceed from social needs, make full use of manpower, material resources and financial resources, maximize benefits and find their own development path.
Second, deepen the reform of the internal management system of kindergartens.
Whether the kindergarten itself has vitality, creativity and competitiveness depends on the reform of the internal management system of the kindergarten, which makes it a competition-driven management mechanism.
1. Do a good job of "three decisions", that is, staffing, posts and posts. Carry out the principle of consistent responsibilities and rights, and advocate one person with multiple posts and full load work. On the basis of creating posts, formulate and revise relevant post responsibility system, assessment and reward system, safety system and bonus distribution system. The formulation of the system emphasizes its scientificity, pertinence and practicality, and it is implemented seriously. For example, the distribution of bonuses is based on the actual attendance of children in each class (because the attendance of children depends on the quality of work and service attitude of teachers in this class). ), whether there are accidents and other methods to calculate bonuses, invisible payment, so that teachers form a new image of self-discipline, self-improvement, self-development and conscious work. At the same time, it also made the faculty clear their respective responsibilities and authorities, enhanced their sense of responsibility and competition, fully mobilized the enthusiasm of the faculty, and improved the work efficiency and quality.
2. Implement the appointment system and take competition for posts. Because the essence of market economy is competition, which breaks the iron rice bowl and forms a competitive mechanism, and the result of competition is the survival of the fittest, so that outstanding talents can stand out and give full play to their potential. At the same time, through the appointment system, the way of "open posts, equal competition, merit-based appointment and reasonable mobility" is adopted, so that the faculty can correctly evaluate themselves and select and employ people according to their posts and talents; Capable people go up, mediocre people go down, and two-way choice is implemented. It makes the teaching staff have a sense of urgency and crisis, enhances the enthusiasm of work, and is a great spur to those comrades who usually have a negative work attitude.
Third, update the educational concept, establish the goal consciousness and formulate the goal system.
1. Change the concept of education and accelerate the pace of children's quality education. Nowadays, science and technology in the world are changing with each passing day, various disciplines are more and more interrelated and infiltrated, and interpersonal communication has expanded unprecedentedly. In order to survive and develop in international competition, it is necessary to improve the overall quality of the people. The improvement of national quality must be achieved through education, and preschool education is basic education. Therefore, to improve the national quality, we must start with the quality education in kindergartens.
① Establish a modern concept of children and education. In 1983, Comrade Deng Xiaoping put forward the instruction of "three orientations" in education, which pointed out the direction for educational reform and put forward requirements for people's quality in the new period. Contemporary children are the successors of China's socialist modernization, and they are facing the challenges of the new century. The contest between Chinese and Japanese children in summer camp also fully exposed the quality differences of Japanese children. Therefore, it is urgent for teachers to change their ideas and establish modern views on children and education. As teachers, we should make it clear that children are social people and independent people, and we should respect them; Children are developing people, so trust them. At the same time, it is necessary to increase the overall self-awareness and internalize modern educational concepts into specific parenting behaviors.
(2) Children's quality education is characterized by vivid, lively and active learning, emphasizing children's dominant position in learning development and making children the masters of learning. Only in this way can the child's inner potential and personality be fully developed. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the dominant position of children and teachers, pay attention to children's age characteristics and individual differences, and teach all children in accordance with their aptitude, so that children can get different levels of development. At the same time, in the process of guidance, we should strengthen the purpose, attach importance to development, pay attention to activity, give play to education, strive for integrity, and cultivate and exercise children's comprehensive quality step by step in a subtle way.
2. Implement management by objectives and establish a target system.
Management by objectives is an effective scientific management method that attaches importance to both work and people. Management by objectives should run through the whole process of kindergarten education management, and plan, organize, check and evaluate well under the guidance of objectives. The formulation of management objectives should be based on educational objectives, because the educational objectives of kindergartens are the starting point and destination of all educational work in kindergartens. The choice of teaching content, the setting of teaching forms and methods in kindergarten education will directly affect the teaching effect, and how to transform the educational goals expected by the state and society into specific standards for the development of each child at different stages and actively promote the development of each child at different levels to ensure the realization of physical, intellectual, moral and aesthetic goals. This requires us to formulate and implement the whole process of training objectives, evaluation criteria and education plans for semester, month, week and Sunday according to the age characteristics of young children, enhance the awareness of goals, formulate the goal system, and truly implement the goals, so that every teacher has goals in his heart and children in his eyes, and education is everywhere.
Fourth, strengthen the construction of teaching staff and improve the quality of teaching.
The competition in the future society is the competition of talents, and the cultivation of talents depends on teachers. Kindergartens will have great vitality if they have high-quality teachers and talents. Moreover, in order to improve the quality of teaching and the level of running the park, there is no strong teacher force, and it is just an armchair strategist. Therefore, strengthening the construction of teaching staff is the key to improve teaching quality.
1. Strengthen the construction of study style and the education of teachers' morality.
With the development of market economy, the wave of commodity economy is also impacting kindergarten teachers. Therefore, it is urgent to stabilize the teaching staff and strengthen ideological and moral education. Through learning, make the staff love and be loyal to the pre-school education, make it clear that people should strive to realize their own values throughout their lives, establish a correct outlook on life, values and world outlook, and make the teaching staff strictly demand themselves on the basis of unified understanding and earnestly perform their duties. At the same time, democratic management is implemented, so that teachers and staff have the opportunity to participate in management, actively offer suggestions and suggestions for kindergartens, * * * with management and * * with supervision, so that kindergartens can form a garden style of "unity and self-improvement, dedication and dedication" and a teaching style of "diligence, pragmatism and innovation".
2. The vitality of kindergarten lies in quality.
Kindergartens can only survive and develop in an all-round way in physical, intellectual, moral and aesthetic aspects, meet social needs and parents' requirements for quality. Moreover, in order to attract and retain students, kindergartens must improve the quality of running schools and the professional level of teachers. Only by striving to improve the education and teaching level of kindergartens can we improve our popularity, expand our influence and expand the amount of child care, so that kindergartens can achieve better social and economic benefits. Therefore, when making an education plan, we should pay attention to the overall organization of educational content, the comprehensive application of various educational means, do a good job in teaching and research, adhere to the purpose of promoting educational reform through teaching and research, and correctly handle the relationship between basic theory and practical work, so that teaching and research work can better serve the quality of kindergarten education.
3. Make full use of incentives to mobilize the enthusiasm of faculty.
Professor Li Yining of Beijing Normal University once said: "The real source of efficiency lies in how to mobilize people's enthusiasm." Among the seven elements of kindergarten management, people are the core of management. To manage people, we must manage our own hearts, that is, how to mobilize people's enthusiasm. Necessity is the source of people's enthusiasm for behavior. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, people's hierarchy of needs develops from low to high, that is, physiological needs → safety needs → social belonging needs → respect needs → self-realization needs. Therefore, kindergarten managers should always understand and master the needs of teachers and staff. If they are good and conducive to the needs of kindergarten development and social development, they will create conditions to turn them into motives and trigger practical actions. For example, with the development of the times, teachers urgently need to obtain new information, constantly recharge their batteries and improve their study to meet the needs of the development of preschool education. To this end, we should create various conditions for faculty to go out to study and further their studies, and constantly enrich themselves. Moreover, people's needs are different, and the motivation for work enthusiasm is different. Therefore, the measures to meet their needs should vary from person to person and from time to time. If they can meet people's most urgent needs and play the role of "timely rescue", they will have a greater incentive to people's behavior enthusiasm.
V. Understand social needs and seize development opportunities.
1. Understand the diversified needs of society and expand social service functions. Preschool education is non-compulsory, and the diversification of garden-running system is the development direction. However, the reform of economic system has caused the adjustment of industrial structure, and the people's mode of production and lifestyle have changed. Therefore, as a kindergarten, we should change the status quo of attaching importance to education and neglecting services, understand the needs of parents for kindergarten services, change the mode of running a kindergarten, and run schools through multiple channels and forms.
① Change the single full-time form of kindergarten, and increase various forms for parents to choose from, such as full-time care, day care and temporary boarding, and charging for half a day.
② Carry out quality services. Such as Sunday service, delayed service, winter and summer vacation service, children who are not in the park can also be temporarily taken care of. Holding a group birthday party once a month for the children in the whole park not only cultivates the spirit of friendship, but also attracts students. (3) Expand the service target and provide various services for the primary school1"Grade 3. For example, provide Chinese food and nap service for primary school students, and solve problems for dual employees.
(4) The nursing age is extended to a younger age. According to the Survey on Social Needs and Countermeasures of Preschool Education in Beijing by the Preschool Education Department of Beijing Municipal Education Commission (65438-0998), there is a big contradiction between the social demand for preschool children before the age of 3 and our current institutional setup and care ability, and the age of primary school students is decreasing now. Therefore, kindergartens should emancipate their minds and extend their children's age to a younger age. At the same time, children can also be given pre-school preparatory classes, that is, small classes, which can be collected at any time when they are over 2 years old. This is not only convenient for parents, but also meets the needs of kindergartens.
⑤ Intensify publicity and strive for social support. According to the advantages of cultural environment in colleges and universities, kindergartens should vigorously publicize their own characteristics of running parks through various channels, strive for the understanding and support of enterprises, institutions and residents around the school, recruit students for the society, improve the enrollment rate of children and enhance the popularity of kindergartens.
⑥ Make full use of kindergarten teachers and offer various interest classes for children, such as dance classes, painting classes and martial arts classes. To meet the needs of parents for children's training, and at the same time increase capital income for the development of kindergartens.
2. The characteristic of market economy is that prices fluctuate with supply and demand. Therefore, kindergartens can increase intermediary fees and kindergarten construction fees for children enrolled in society. They can also, according to the different economic conditions of colleges and universities and the affordability of the masses, and under the guidance of relevant departments, float their fees, and implement grading according to quality and high quality and good price. Encourage kindergartens to compete with each other, improve the efficiency of running parks, and benefit children and parents. At the same time, the park will be raised through paid services.
In short, as long as we make clear the development goal of preschool education and the direction of future reform, seize the opportunity in the reform, deepen the reform, and constantly explore and sum up experience, we can find our own way of survival and development under the situation of economic system reform, and establish a management model that meets the needs of the socialist market economy, so as to promote the development of preschool education reform in depth and meet the challenges of 2 1 century with a brand-new attitude.