In order to write a paper on beggar research, you may be used to it. A master student in Hefei "begged" for three months, facing all kinds of beggars on the street. However, who would have thought that a master student "begged" in Hefei for three months in order to write a sociological paper about beggars, and wrote a begging diary of more than 40 thousand words. He is Chen Yong, a 25-year-old graduate student in sociology at Anhui University. Chen Yong is an introverted and handsome boy, but he insists on writing a sociological paper on beggars' living conditions. In order to be different from his previous studies, he and his tutor discussed it repeatedly and decided to be a beggar. Chen Yong said: "Citizens have ambivalence towards beggars: they are reluctant to give money, but they are afraid of being cheated. Therefore, it is of practical significance to solve the ambivalence of citizens with in-depth quantitative research. " Self-mutilation image begging along the street In July, when Chen Yong first met a reporter, he was still a gentle scholar. However, this time, at the appointed place-the third canteen of Anhui University, he waved his hand to the reporter several times, but the reporter didn't dare to recognize him. I saw him unkempt, with a long and dirty beard, a layer of black charcoal on his face and a pair of worn cloth shoes on his feet. "I still have a set of rags in my dormitory, which is my begging outfit. If you wear it, you will be even more surprised. " Chen Yong said with a smile. Eating and sleeping with beggars "I've really tasted the ups and downs in recent months." Chen Yong said with emotion, "On the evening of February 4, 65438, I slept with beggars in the underground passage of the city square." Chen Yong said that research beggars need 24 hours of "full contact", including eating and sleeping together. However, beggars are unwilling to disclose where they live at night. It was not until the recent cold weather that he had a chance to sleep with some beggars in the underground passage of Hefei City Square. I was beaten by beggars in Chen Yong dormitory. There are many pictures of beggars, some of whom grin and pose for the camera. Chen Yong said that because he is good at making friends with beggars, such as handing out cigarettes, buying water or buying snacks, when he revealed his identity as a researcher and asked for photos, the other party cooperated more. But taking pictures also made Chen Yong suffer some hardships. While taking a picture of a beggar, he was suddenly beaten with a crutch, but Chen Yong said that he could understand the beggar's excessive behavior. Begging is rewarding. "I come into contact with every beggar and ask them dozens of questions by magic." Chen Yong said that in order to systematize his research, he has carefully produced the Outline of Investigation on the Living Conditions of Beggars in Hefei, which contains 80 survey "indicators" and needs to ask beggars one by one. But in the investigation, he can only ask questions from memory, so there are often only 60 to 70 out of 80 questions. Chen Yong said that he has written a begging diary of more than 40,000 words, which is the embryonic form of future papers. Beggars also need to respect Chen Yong's discovery. Most beggars lack spiritual life, but there are also many beggars who read books and newspapers. Although most people think beggars have no sense of self-esteem and shame, Chen Yong found that they are also flesh and blood, and they also need respect. Recently, when Chen Yong was sitting and chatting with a beggar who played erhu, the beggar was very excited to learn that he was a college student. It turned out that before Chen Yong came, a young man just passed by the beggar and left a sentence: "What's the point of such a person living?" Chen Yong's positive approach calmed his heart. 2 Paper Keywords: Ningbo beggar industry standardization of social civilization Abstract: Under the guidance of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the goal of building a harmonious society has been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. But the rise and fall of beggar industry is a sign of social civilization. According to the survey, the income of beggars in Ningbo has been in the forefront of the country. It is imperative to standardize and legalize begging industry by means of fraud and violence. Whenever we walk through the bustling streets of Ningbo, or wait for the bus at the station, or watch the beautiful scenery in the park, there are often some people who come into our eyes: they are old people or children, and most of them are disabled. Some of them are on crutches, some are in wheelchairs, and some are simply lying on the ground. The rescue station in Ningbo sends an average of 4-5 beggars home every day. The results of our 200 questionnaires show that when shopping in Ningbo, 55% people will meet 1-2 beggars, and 3 1% people will meet 3-4 beggars, which is already very large. Moreover, many of these beggars are fake, and the genuine ones are the genuine ones. When it comes to the causes of so many beggars (multiple choices), 45% people think it is because of laziness, 30% people think it is because of family financial difficulties, 30% people think it is a sudden natural and man-made disaster, and only 20% people think it is because they are unable to work. This shows that the image of beggars in Ningbo citizens is very bad. This will not only affect people's travel mood, but also affect Ningbo's city image in the eyes of outsiders, which will have a negative impact on Ningbo's development. I. Types and Causes of Beggars With the rapid development of China's economy and the substantial improvement of people's living standards, the beggar industry makes money quickly and simply by gaining sympathy from others, so that the number of beggars is increasing and the types are constantly developing and changing. The problem of beggars has gradually attracted people's attention and triggered people's thinking on this issue. Relevant government departments are also actively taking measures to deal with this problem, but the effect is minimal. Only by finding the problem and grasping the root cause of this problem can we take relevant measures and analyze the specific problems in order to solve the thorny begging problem. Therefore, in the summer social practice, we conducted a special study on beggars through observation, social questionnaire and close contact with representative objects, which made us deeply understand the beggars themselves and the public's views on beggars. Through our observation, beggars in Ningbo can be divided into the following categories: the first category is "primitive" beggars, similar to ancient beggars. In Ningbo, such beggars are often seen, but most of them are bony old people. In almost every crowded bus stop or crowded intersection, they are lying on the ground, half-open eyes, shaking plastic bowls, and their hands are moving, like sleeping, and can shake for hours. It is really hard to achieve this state; Or begging with a cane in one hand and a plastic bowl in the other. These old people are generally pure beggars and deserve our sympathy. The second category is "part-time job", usually aunts in their fifties and sixties. A plastic bowl in the left hand and a plastic bag in the right hand. Bowls are used to beg for money, and plastic bags are filled with bottles and cans found in trash cans. They wear white sun hats, clean clothes and slippers that are better than ours (market price 15 yuan). They walk fast and lightly. Careful observation shows that the plastic bag is not filled with cans and mineral water bottles as we imagined, but with foam lunch boxes. This kind of thing is characterized by its light weight, so it will be easy and worthless for her to lift. Then what is she doing with this plastic bag? This is a cover. The message she wants to give us is, "Look, I am really a beggar. I didn't cheat. I try my best to collect junk and beg only when I have no choice. Please be kind. " It's a shame that all such beggars are fake. The third category is "mutual assistance" between mother and child. Generally, the mother and son will post a notice for help on the ground, which is roughly "My son is ill and needs to be hospitalized urgently, but he has no money to pay the deposit." I hope that good people will give a little money and wish good people in the world a safe life. " Or the mother pushes the sick child with a car and carries out "mobile warfare". Through our investigation and interviews with them, the conclusion is basically false. When the child is sick, he doesn't contact his family immediately, and he is begging outside for ten and a half months. If he was seriously ill, it is estimated that the child would have died. The child looks no different from other children, except that his clothes are torn and dirty, which makes people don't want to look at them again. There is a mother and a son among them. When we asked about the child's illness, the mother still talked and laughed, but she didn't care, and there was no sad expression at all. It seems that the son is not her own, or the child is not sick at all. The People's Daily also reported that in fact, those children were abducted by traffickers, or some people went to poor areas to "rent" children with congenital diseases, and then sent money to their hometown regularly. The fourth category is "physical disability". Their disabilities can be described as grotesque, unimaginable and somewhat unsightly. They are determined to show their wounds or scars so that you can appreciate them more. Is there anyone who walks on a rolling board with his lower body? There are deformed legs that can rotate 360 degrees. However, people with disabilities can be subdivided into two categories. One kind is really disabled, mostly disabled children. The second category mentioned above is rented by people. Generally, a boss has three or four disabled people. They are cruel. If the disabled can't earn a certain amount of money, they won't be fed or even beaten. In fact, we can also think about how a disabled child can run so far to beg by himself. The other is those who pretend to be disabled. They are healthy and able to work, but they are lazy. After whitewashing and makeup, they instantly became disabled. This kind of person is the most shameful and gains the sympathy of others through deception. The fifth category is "forced trading", such as children selling flowers on the road, looking for lovers to start. First, they will ask, "Big Brother, buy a flower for this beautiful sister (most of them are beginning to wither)." When you refuse, they are likely to suddenly hug your thigh, no matter whether you beat or scold. But if they hug your girlfriend and she is wearing a skirt, then they really have to buy it. Actually, the couple above are luckier than me. Once, my classmates and I came out of the city god temple snack city and were besieged by a group of little girls. The little black hand grabbed my skirt and tried to take food from me. In this case, I had to give them money and send them away. Although this is a forced transaction, it is also our most sympathetic "beggar". They are generally born in some poor areas, and their ideas are relatively feudal. They think girls are useless. Most of these girls were abducted by traffickers when they were four or five years old. Then I was forced to beg for food. If I didn't beg much, I wouldn't be given food, and sometimes I was beaten. Their "boss" usually has six or seven such children. The boss won't stay in one place for long, but will go begging in other cities for ten and a half days. The sixth category is "sudden disaster type", which is basically rare, but it is sometimes encountered in railway stations or bus stations. Usually holding a "manual". The general content is that you were pickpocketed on the road and got into trouble here. Please collect some money to buy tickets to go home, claiming that you want to write down the address and name of the donor, and you will be rewarded when you get home. This is totally false. Finally, several books are introduced: Qu's History of Beggars in China 1990, Wang's Beggars' Custom in China 1994, Cen Dali and Gao Yongjian's Beggars in China 1995, and On Professional Beggars in Modern China [Journal Papers]-A Study of Qing History 2000. Deng Xiaodong's Brief Discussion on Beggars in the Republic of China [Journal Papers]-Qing History Research 2004( 1). Beggars and Beggars' Relief in the Republic of China [Journal Paper]-Research on Qing History 2004( 1)- Heavy Historical Reflection on Chihuahua-Beggars and Their Professionalization in Modern China [Journal Paper]-Research on Qing History 2004(4) Hu Juchuan's View of Refugees and Beggars in Taiwan Province Province in Qing Dynasty from Stone Tablets 1992(20) Qu's Beggars History in China Cao Tengfei. Xian Jianmin Guangdong Inscription Collection 200 1.