Second, "training physicists" Peng Huanwu?

Peng Huanwu studied under a famous teacher. When I was a graduate student in Tsinghua University, I studied under Professor Zhou Peiyuan, one of the founders of theoretical physics in China, and was appreciated by Professor Zhou with excellent academic performance. Later, when studying in the Department of Theoretical Physics of the University of Edinburgh, England, he became the first China student of Born, one of the founders of quantum mechanics in the world, and was recognized by Professor Born. In his letter to Einstein, Professor Born mentioned his favorite student Peng Huanwu many times. ?

194 1 year, Professor Born recommended Peng Huanwu to do postdoctoral research at the Institute of Theoretical Physics of the Institute for Advanced Studies in Dublin, Ireland, headed by Nobel Prize winner Schrodinger. In the early 1940s, Peng Huanwu and W&; # 12539; In cooperation with Irish mathematician and physicist Hamilton, Hai published a series of research results on meson field, and finally formed HHP theory named after three initials, which explained the energy distribution and spatial distribution of cosmic rays for the first time. With the help of HHP theory, Peng Huanwu has been recognized by more and more scholars in the international physics field. ?

However, Peng Huanwu finally gave up his bright development prospects in Europe and returned to China to engage in scientific research, which played an extremely important role in the research and development of atomic bombs and hydrogen bombs in China. However, after the successful development of the two bombs, he quietly disappeared behind the "collective", and it was not until 1999 that he won the "Two Bombs and One Satellite Meritorious Medal". ?

3. Yang Zhenning, the most influential scientist in China?

Even people who don't pay much attention to the dynamics of the scientific community will not feel too strange about the name Yang Zhenning. American physicist, Nobel Prize winner, Segrey once rated Yang Zhenning as the third comprehensive and talented "all-rounder in physics" after Einstein and Fermi in the 20th century. ?

Yang Zhenning, originally from Anhui, China, 1944 went to the United States to study after graduating from The National SouthWest Associated University, and obtained a doctorate from the University of Chicago. After that, Yang Zhenning stayed in the United States for development and worked in research institutions such as University of Chicago, Princeton University and State University of New York at Stony Brook. ?

1957, Yang Zhenning and another China scientist, Li Zhengdao, jointly put forward the theory of parity non-conservation of weak interaction. Both of them won the Nobel Prize in physics and became the first China person to win the Nobel Prize. Yang Zhenning also took the lead in proposing the "Yang-Mills Equation" with Mills, and founded the "Yang Zhenning-Baxter Equation" with Baxter. ?

Four, versatile master of physics-Wang Zhuxi?

As a pioneer of thermodynamic statistical physics research in China, Wang Zhuxi has undoubtedly promoted the development of physics research in China. A lot of work has been done in surface adsorption, statistical theory of superlattice, water absorption of plant cells and so on, which has made outstanding contributions to promoting the research, dissemination and exchange of physics in China. ?

When Wang Zhuxi first entered Tsinghua Research Institute, he studied theory of turbulence with Professor Zhou Peiyuan. Zhou Peiyuan attaches great importance to Wang Zhuxi. When Dirac, a British theoretical physicist and founder of quantum mechanics, visited China, he recommended Wang Zhuxi to Professor Fowler of Cambridge University through Dirac. So, in 1935, Wang Zhuxi went to Cambridge University with Fowler to do statistical physics research, and in 1938, he got his doctorate in his graduation thesis "Extension of Adsorption Theory and Superlattice Theory", and then returned to China as a professor in Tsinghua University. ?

After returning from England, Wang Zhuxi has been teaching in Tsinghua and Peking University for more than 40 years, teaching courses ranging from junior high school physics to senior high school physics, and specialized courses for graduate students. He has taught thousands of students, including many outstanding physicists and Nobel Prize winners in physics. Yang Zhenning, one of the "Four Masters of Tsinghua", is one of them. Yang Zhenning once said frankly, "It was Teacher Wang who introduced me to this field of physics." ?

Wang Zhuxi's contribution to physics research and teaching is obvious to all, but few people know that this great physicist is actually accomplished in writing. He not only invented a new indexing method for Chinese radicals, but also compiled a dictionary of new radicals himself. ?

Five, "the father of applied mathematics" Lin Jiaqiao?

1937 Lin Jiaqiao, who graduated from the Department of Physics of Tsinghua University, was given the opportunity to study at the University of Toronto on 1940. After obtaining a master's degree, Lin Jiaqiao went to California Institute of Technology to study for a doctorate. ?

Lin Jiaqiao is an internationally recognized authority on mechanics and applied mathematics. In the 1940s, he led a generation to study and explore the flow stability and theory of turbulence of fluid mechanics. He worked with Feng &; # 12539; Carmen put forward the turbulence spectrum theory of isotropic turbulence and developed von&; # 12539; Carmen's similarity theory formed the main school of early turbulence statistical theory. Since 1960s, Lin Jiaqiao has entered the research field of astrophysics, founded the density wave theory of spiral structure of galaxies, successfully explained the main features of spiral structure of discoid galaxies, overcame the "entanglement problem" that has puzzled the astronomical community for decades, and developed the dynamic theory of long-term maintenance of spiral arms of galaxies. ?

Besides his contribution to physics, Lin Jiaqiao has also made great achievements in applied mathematics and pure mathematics. He developed analytical characteristic method and WKBJ method, and proved the existence theorem in a class of differential equations, thus completely solving the long-term controversy caused by Heisenberg's paper. In the United States, some people regard Lin Jiaqiao as "the father of applied mathematics", and some people say that "he changed applied mathematics from a neglected subject to a respected one." ?

Although Lin Jiaqiao has lived overseas for many years, he is very concerned about the scientific development of China. Since 1972, he has returned to China for academic exchanges many times, invited many famous American scholars to give lectures in China, and helped many scholars to go to MIT for further study. 1974, Lin Jiaqiao was elected as a foreign academician of China Academy of Sciences. 200 1, his alma mater, Tsinghua University, extended an olive branch to him and hired him as Professor Tsinghua University. Finally, Lin Jiaqiao returned to China and settled in Tsinghua University in 2002, and died in Beijing on 20 13 and 13.